Photosynthesis
AP Biology
The Equation
6CO2 + 6H2O + light C6H12O6 + 6O2
Chlorophyll required
Water both consumed & produced
Chloroplasts
Site of photosynthesisStructure
Double membraneThylakoidsGranum
(Stack of thylakoids)Stroma
Chloroplasts
Relating structure to functionThylakoid spaceAllows for accumulation of H+Segregates H+ from rest of organelle
Chloroplasts
Relating structure to functionThylakoid membraneContains photosystems & ETC
Chloroplasts
Relating structure to function Large number of
thylakoids Large surface area Large number of
ETC and photosystems
Chloroplasts
Relating structure to function Inner membrane Segregates
chemical of Calvin-Benson cycle from cytosol
Photosynthesis
Light Reactions
Light Reactions
Photosystem II captures light energy
P680
Light Reactions
Light energy passed to reaction center
P680
Light Reactions
2 e- boosted to higher energy state
P680
Light Reactions
2 e- passed through ETC to Photosystem IH+ gradient created; ATP produced
P680
ATP
P700
Light Reactions
Photosystem I captures light energyPasses it to reaction center
P680P700
ATP
Light Reactions
e- from P700 boosted to higher energy state
P680P700
ATP
Light Reactions
e- move through ETCe- accepted by NADP+
P680P700
NADP+
ATP
Light Reactions
2e- + 1H+ + NADP+ NADPH
P680P700
NADP+NADPH
ATP
Light Reactions
Water splite- from water replace lost e- from P680O2 leaves
P680P700
NADPH
H2O
O2
H+
ATP
Calvin Cycle
Calvin Cycle
Rubisco fixes 6CO2 to 6RuBP (5-C)
RuBP = ribulose biphosphate
3PG (3-C) produced
3PG =
3-phosphoglycerate
Calvin Cycle
3PG converted to 12 G3P
G3P = glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate
12 ATP used 12 NADPH used
Calvin Cycle
2 G3P exit cycle & used to make glucose
Glucose used to make sugars & other carbohydrates
Calvin Cycle
10 G3P (3-C) used to make 6 RuBP (5-C)
6 ATP used
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