Exoskeleton�external
�found in many invertebrates
�enclose and protect the soft tissues and
organs of the body
Endoskeleton
Vertebretes
• Function: internal support structure of an animal, protection of internal organs,enables movement
• Tissue: ligaments, cartilage, bone
• consists of both fused and individual bones supported
• supplemented by ligaments, tendons, muscles and cartilage
• Human skeleton: about 206 bones
Parts of skeleton1. Human skull (Cranium)
2. Chest• Sternum (1) • Thoracic
cage (25)• Ribs (24)
3. Appendicular skeleton(Bones of upper limbs
and bones of the leg)
Human skull (Cranium)
Function: protection of the brain, visual, olfactory, and auditory organs of
equilibrium, receivie and dispense substances
Vertebral column (32-34)
• The spine has evolved from cartilageChorda dorsalis.
• Chondrichthyes have a skeleton of cartilage throughout life. Fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds and mammals have connective tissuehardened by CaCO3, Ca3 (PO4) 2
• The human backbone is S-curved twice.
• The pedicles (from Latin pediculus, "small foot“)
• vertebrae (C1 – C7)
• vertebrae thoracicae (Th1 až Th12)
• vertebrae lumbales (L1 až L5)
• vertebrae sacrales (S1 až S5)
• vertebrae coccygeae (Co1 až Co3-5)
Sources
• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_skeleton• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Gray_111_-_Vertebral_column-coloured.png• http://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soubor:Gray112.png• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Human_leg_bones_labeled.svg• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Arm_skeleton_comparative_NF_0102.5-2.png• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radius_%28bone%29• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Human_skull_side_simplified_%28bones%29.svg• http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/skull• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Appendicular_Skeleton.png• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Human_skeleton_front_en.svg• http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e6/Lidska_kostra_p%C5%99ed
ek_cz.svg• http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2c/Beaver_skeleton.jpg• http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/7/7b/Heiyantuduwa_Raja's_Skeleton.jpg• http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Hym-
myrmicinae.gif/250px-Hym-myrmicinae.gif• http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/74/ElephantSkelLyd2.png
Gymnázium Globe, s.r.o.:
SCIENCE