Dr. Stan Schneider, Chief Executive Officer, RTI
Dr. Rajive Joshi, Principal Solution Architect, RTI
The Inside Story: How the IIC’s Connectivity
Framework Guides IIoT Connectivity Selection
Moderator:
Brandon Lewis, OpenSystems Media
Speakers:
Agenda
Housekeeping
Presentation
Questions and Answers
Wrap-up
The Inside Story: How the IIC’s Connectivity Framework Guides IIoT Connectivity Selection
Rajive Joshi, PhD. RTI Principal Solution Architect; IIC Connectivity Co-Chair
Stan Schneider, PhD. RTI CEO; IIC Steering Committee
©2017 Real-Time Innovations, Inc.
Space is big. Really big. You just won't believe how vastly, hugely, mind-bogglingly big it is.
I mean, you may think it's a long way down the road to the chemist, but that's just peanuts to space.
--Hitchhiker’s Guide to the Galaxy
NGC3370
EducationColleges & UniversitiesConferences & WorkshopsLaboritoriesPublicationSchoolsTrade Schools
Aerospace & DefenseAir ForceArrmyAviationHome Land SecurityMilitaryNavySpace Flight
AgricultureFarmingFishingForestryHydrologyLife SciencesRanchingWeather
Buildings & FacilitiesApartmentsBuilding & ConstructionBuilding Maintenance Building SecurityCommercial BuildingsConstructionEngineeringHomeHousing AuthoritiesHVACOfficeReal Estate
Consumer & HomeAutomotiveCommercial CookingConsumer ProductsDay CareElder CareEntertainmentFood and BeverageFood TrucksGroceryHome ProductsHospitalityPet CarePharmaciesPhotographyRecreation ServicesRestaurantsSporting EventsStreet VendorsTourismTravel
Energy & UtilitiesChemicalsElectricMiningOil & GasPetro-ChemicalsPowerRenewableSewerWater
EnvironmentAir Pollution ControlBiodiversity Eco-constructionEnvironmental Monitoring & InstrumentationEnvironmental Research & DevelopmentHeat & Energy Saving and Management
MetrologyNature ProtectionNoise & Vibration Control
OceanographyRecycled Materials Remediation & Clean Up of Soil & Groundwater Renewable Energy Production Waste Management & RecyclingWaste Water Treatment Water Supply
Finance & BankingAccounting SystemsATM SystemsCredit Card SystemsPoint of SalesRetail Banking
Public SectorCityCivil Administration Disaster PreventionEducationEmergency & Crisis ResponseEnvironmentFireLaw Enforcement & PoliceMunicipalities & CountiesPublic SafetyPublic SecuritySurveillanceTransportationWaste ManagementWater
HealthcareAssisted Care
Clinical Trials
Connected Medical Devices
Continuous Patient Monitoring
Dentistry
Disease Diagnosis
Home Healthcare
Hospitals
Life Sciences
Medical Offices
Medical Therapy
Pharma
Pharmacies
Media & Communication
Cable Providers
Computers
Entertainment
Global Media
Phones
Satellite TV
Telecommunications Carriers
Televisions
Video Recorders
Wireless Services
ManufacturingApparelBeverage & Tobacco ProductChemicalsComputer & Electronic ProductsElectrical Equipment & ComponentsFabricated Metal Products
FactoryFoodFurniture & Related Products
Industrial AutomationLeather & Allied ProductsMachineryNonmetallic Mineral ProductsPaperPetroleum & CoalPlastics & Rubber ProductsPrimary Metal ManufacturingPrinting & Related Support ActivitiesTextile MillsTextilesTransportation EquipmentWood Products
Mining & MetalsAluminum
Coal
Diamonds & Gemstones
General Mining
Gold
Iron & Steel
Nonferrous Metals
Platinum & Precious Metals
Near Space & New SpaceClosed Loop Ecological Systems
Closed Loop Living Systems
Constellation Controllers
Consumer Traffic Analytics
Ecological Planning
Environmental Monitoring
Hyper-Local Agriculture
Hyper-Local Construction
Hyper-Spectral Imaging
In-Flight Satelite Servicing
On-Site Materials Analytics and Inventory
On-Site Materials Optimization
Parametric City Planning
Parametric Construction Planning
Remote Maintenance and Diagnostics
Space Based Planning
Weather Pattern Analytics
TransportationAeronautics
Airport
Cargo Handling
Cruise Industry
Fleet Management
Freight Management
Logistics
Mobility
Pipelines
Postal & Delivery Services
Public Transportation
Rail
Roads
Shipping
Traffic Infrastructure
Transportation
Trucking
Vehicle
Wholesale & Distribution RetailApparel RetailersBroadline RetailersDrug RetailersFood Retailers & WholesalersHome Improvement RetailersSpecialized Consumer ServicesSpecialty Retailers
The IIoT will have a multi-trillion-dollar impact across all industries
©2017 Real-Time Innovations, Inc.
The Industrial IoT is Smart Machine Infrastructure
©2017 Real-Time Innovations, Inc.Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT)Consumer Internet of Things (CIoT)
The smart machine era will be the most disruptive in the history of IT-- Gartner
The Industrial IoT Disruption
The real value is a common architecture that connects sensor to cloud, interoperates between vendors, and spans industries
RTI lives at the intersection of functional artificial intelligence and pervasive networkingSM
©2017 Real-Time Innovations, Inc.
Smart Machines Join the Care Team
©2017 Real-Time Innovations, Inc. http://www.rti.com/mk/webinars.html#GEHEALTHCARE
The Medical Industry Now Competes on Networking
Carbot Architecture
©2017 Real-Time Innovations, Inc.
Cloud Services
Sensing
Planning
Radar, LIDAR Vehicle Platform Navigation
Error Management
Visualization
Situation AnalysisSituation Awareness
Vision FusionCameras, LIDAR,
Radar …
Data Fusion
LoggingVehicle Control
Localization
Databus
Traffic Maps
DatabusCars now Compete on Software
Grid Modernization
• The OpenFMB (Field Message Bus) architecture integrates solar, wind, and storage into the grid
• Dozens of vendors, several utilities, and standards organizations are building devices, user interfaces, and analytics
• DDS powers OpenFMB communications
The Grid Will Compete on Distributed Control
©2017 Real-Time Innovations, Inc.
Software is eating the world-- Andreessen Horowitz
Silicon Valley VC
What’s the Disruption?
The Real Disruption: Culture
“If you went to bed last night as an industrial company, you’re going to wake up this morning as a software and analytics company”
-- Jeff ImmeltGE CEO
©2017 Real-Time Innovations, Inc.
The Future of Secure, Distributed Software
©2017 Real-Time Innovations, Inc.
“If you went to bed last night as a software and analytics company, you’re going to wake up this morning as a networking and securitycompany”
-- Stan Schneider
Real-Time Innovations, Inc.
How Can We Build IIoT Systems?Connectivity Architecture
Industrial Internet Consortium: 270+ Companies, 30+ Countries
IIC Founding and Contributing Members
The World’s Largest IoT ConsortiumThe IIC created the IIoT market
The Industrial Internet Connectivity Framework
– The industry’s only detailed analysis of IIoT Connectivity Technologies
– Architecture– Assessment– Standards
• DDS• OPC UA• OneM2M• HTTP• MQTT• CoAP
– Examples & selection guidance– Years of work by many architects across
industries, standards, & technologies
©2017 Real-Time Innovations, Inc.Released Feb 28, 2017
IICF : A Roadmap for IoT Practitioners & System Architects
Guide Map• What is the role of connectivity in an IIoT
architecture?• What connectivity layers does an IIoT system
need, and what are each layer’s core functions, considerations and trade-offs?
• How can communication extend from a generic IIoT design to participants using a domain-specific connectivity technology?
• What must core connectivity standards provide?
• How to categorize and evaluate a given connectivity technology?
• How to assess suitability of a connectivity technology against system requirements?
• How to choose the right core connectivity standard for a problem domain?Rich Landscape of Connectivity
IICF Goals
Clarity
GuidanceFoundation
19
Guide map to the rich but
often confusing landscape of
IIoT connectivity
Useful, practical, tangible
guidance for requirements
assessment, technology
evaluation and selection
Sets a stable long
term foundation for
IIoT interoperability
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conceptual_interoperability
Levels of Interoperability
Shared data context
Shared data structure
Shared opaque data
Technical Interoperability Example…
21
Messages
Share opaque data (byte sequences)
Syntactic Interoperability Example…
22
Messages
Data (State, Events, Streams)
ShapeType
x y
colorShare structured datatypes
Semantic Interoperability Example…
23
Messages
Data (State, Events, Streams)
Information (Data in Context)
ShapeType
Room
x
Temperature
y
Humidity
color
Room Color
ShapeType
Car
x
Row
y
Column
color
Car Color
?
Share data-objects in context
Evolution of the IIoT Connectivity Stack
24
7-Layer OSI Stack Model
(1994)
4-Layer Internet Stack Model
(1989)
Industrial IoT
(2014)
Transport
Link
Framework
Distributed Data
Interoperability and Management
Physical
Network
IIoT Connectivity Stack Model
(2017)
IIoT Connectivity Stack Model Participant X
Connectivity
Information
Networking
IICF Focus
Information (Data in Context)
Participant X
Transport
Link
Framework
Distributed Data
Interoperability and Management
Physical
Network
Participant Y
Data (State, Events, Streams)
Messages
Packets
Frames
Bits
Transport
Link
Framework
Distributed Data
Interoperability and Management
Physical
Network
Technical Interoperability
(bytes)
SyntacticInteroperability
(data structures)
Semantic Interoperability (data context)
Connectivity Transport Layer
• Above: Technical Interoperability– Share byte sequences– Opaque data
• Below: Byte protocol– Any computing platform – Byte flows & optimize byte
sequence sharing and delivery
Information (Data in Context)
Participant X
Transport
Link
Framework
Distributed Data
Interoperability and Management
Physical
Network
Participant Y
Data (State, Events, Streams)
Messages
Packets
Frames
Bits
Transport
Link
Framework
Distributed Data
Interoperability and Management
Physical
Network
Connectivity Transport Layer
Transport
Link
Distributed Data Interoperability & Management
Framework
Connectivity
Transport
Functions
Physical
Network
Messaging Protocol
Endpoint
AddressingConnectedness Prioritization
Timing &
SynchronizationSecurity
Communication Modes
Technical
Interoperability
Connectivity Framework Layer
• Above: Syntactic Interoperability– Share structured datatypes– Common and unambiguous data
format
• Below: Opaque Data – Any programming environment– Any computing platform – May observe data flows &
optimize datatype sharing and delivery
Information (Data in Context)
Participant X
Transport
Link
Framework
Distributed Data
Interoperability and Management
Physical
Network
Participant Y
Data (State, Events, Streams)
Messages
Packets
Frames
Bits
Transport
Link
Framework
Distributed Data
Interoperability and Management
Physical
Network
Connectivity Framework Layer
Transport
Link
Distributed Data Interoperability & Management
Framework
Quality
of
Service
Security
Publish-Subscribe Request-Reply Discovery
Data Resource Model
Id and Addressing Data Type System Lifecycle (CRUD)
Exception Handling
State
Management
Connectivity
Framework
Functions
Physical
Network
API Governance
Syntactic
Interoperability
Fundamental N2 Connectivity Challenge
Reality Check
Accept that there will be
multiple connectivity
technologies
• Brownfield
• Existing technologies
• May be specific to verticals
• Greenfield
• Innovation
O(N2)
Connectivity Core Standards Architecture
• Connectivity Core Standards– Provide syntactic
interoperability– Stable, deployed, open
standard– Standard Core Gateways to
all other CCS
• Domain-Specific Connectivity Technologies– Connect via non-standard
gateway to any connectivity core standard
Few Core StandardsStandard Core
Gateways
Many domain technologies
Real-Time Innovations, Inc.
Selecting the right connectivity technologyAssessment Template WorksheetsConnectivity Standards
Assessment Template
• Which layers(s) of the Connectivity Stack does it provide?
• What Core Functions does it provide?
• How does it rank against the Typical Considerations (of the layers spanned) ?
• How does it impact system Architectural Qualities?
• Does it fit Connectivity Core Standard Criteria?
Transport
Link
Framework
Distributed Data
Interoperability and
Management
Physical
Network
Assessment Template Worksheets
34
IICF Catalog of Connectivity Standards!
• Frameworks
• DDS
• OPC-UA
• oneM2M
• Transports
• HTTP
• MQTT
• CoAP
35
Assessment Template Worksheets
Connectivity Standards
Manufacturing Origin
TSN /
Ethernet
(802.1,
802.3)
DDS
Wireless
PAN
(802.15)
Wireless
2G/3G/LTE
(3GPP)
Wireless
LAN
(802.11 Wi-
Fi)
Internet Protocol (IP)
CoAP MQTT
Web
Services
Wireless
Wide Area
(802.16)
HTTPDDSI-RTPS
oneM2M OPC-UA
OPC-UA Bin
Telecommunications Origin
UDP TCPTCP
Transport
Link
Framework
Distributed Data
Interoperability and Management
Physical
Network
Healthcare TransportationManufacturing… …Energy &
Utilities
Core Connectivity Standards
* = work in progress = supported, = not supported GREEN = Gating Criteria
IICF Architecture Process
Use assessment template
worksheet to determine your
system requirements
Pick the potential connectivity core
standard best aligned with your
system requirements
Build a gateway for other domain-
specific connectivity technologies
38
Manufacturing
Origin
TS
N /
Eth
ern
et
(80
2.1
,
80
2.3
)
DDS
Wi
rel
es
s
PA
N
(8
02.
15
)
Wire
less
2G/3
G/LT
E
(3GP
P)
Wi
rel
es
s
LA
N
(8
02.
11
Wi
-
Fi)
Internet Protocol (IP)
C
o
A
P
M
Q
T
T
We
b
Ser
vic
es
Wi
rel
es
s
Wi
de
Ar
ea
(80
2.1
6)
HTTPDDSI-RTPS
oneM2M OPC-UA
OPC
-UA
Bin
Telecommunicati ons
Origin
UDP TCP
T
C
P
Transport
Link
Framework
Distributed Data
Interoperability and Management
Physical
N
e
t
w
o
r
k
HealthcareTransportatio
n
Manufacturin
g… …
Energy &
Utilities
Real-Time Innovations, Inc.
Choosing a Connectivity Standard
©2017 Real-Time Innovations, Inc. Confidential
B
CA
X
Your application:
Choose A or B or C
Requirement 1, e.g. latency
Req
uir
emen
t 2
, e.g
. fan
-ou
tIIoT Connectivity Perception
©2017 Real-Time Innovations, Inc.
B
CA
XClearly A
Clearly B
Interstellar space
Your application: Choose B; it’s the
best you’ll get
IIoT Connectivity Reality
©2017 Real-Time Innovations, Inc.Requirement 1, e.g. latency
Req
uir
emen
t 2
, e.g
. fan
-ou
t
How to Choose?
©2017 Real-Time Innovations, Inc.
System Aspect Example User Approach Standard
Software Integration & Autonomy
Software Architect integrating components
Data-centric DDS
Device interchangeability
Device manufacturer sellingdevices to technicians
Device-centric
OPC-UA
Web & Mobile User I/F App builder supportingback-end services
RESTful Web services/HTTP
ICT integration Wide-area wireless telecom integrator
Common services layer
oneM2M
DDS is Different!
©2015 Real-Time Innovations, Inc.
Data-Centric(Real-Time Replication)
DDS
Shared Data Model
DataBus
Point-to-Point
TCP Sockets
Client/Server
MQTTXMPPOPCCORBA
BrokeredESB
Daemon
Publish/Subscribe
FieldbusCANbusZeroMQJMS
Queuing
AMQPActive MQ
Systems are About the Data
Data Centricity Definition a) The interface is the data. b) The infrastructure understands that data. c) The system manages the data and imposes
rules on how applications exchange data.
©2016 Real-Time Innovations, Inc. Confidential.
Database Databus
Data centric storage and search of old data
Data centric sharing and filtering of future data
Application
Application
Message centricRemote ObjectsSOAs
Application
Application
Data
Choose DDS?
• Are there severe consequences if offline for a few mins/secs/msecs?
• Have you said “millisecond” or “microsecond” in the last 2 weeks?
• Do you have more than 10 programmers?
• Does your data have many destinations?
• Are you building a next-generation IIoT design?
©2017 Real-Time Innovations, Inc.
3+ Yes?
©2017 Real-Time Innovations, Inc.
OPC UA
• Device-Centric Object-Oriented Framework
– Device models for common devices
– Integrate devices into workcells
– Client-server architecture
– Browseable address space
– New simple UDP pub-sub
Motor Starter 01
Configuration
Control Function Local Operation
Multifunction Input DI0
ParameterSet Motor Parameters
Motor Current Low
Motor Current High
Service Info
Number of Starts
Motor Starter 01
Parameter Set
Control Function
Local Operation
Configuration
Multifunction Input DIO
Motor Current Low
Motor Current High
Number of Starts
Motor Current Low
Motor Current High
Service Info
Address Space
©2017 Real-Time Innovations, Inc.
Choose OPC UA?
• Are you in in discrete manufacturing?
• Are you building a device that will be integrated by non-software types?
• Will your product be used in different applications in different systems, as opposed to a single (type of) system where you control the architecture?
• Have you said the word “workcell” in the last two weeks?
3+ Yes?
©2017 Real-Time Innovations, Inc.
OneM2M
• Common Service Layer Architecture– Services provided by telco– Platform Tier (cloud) applications can
seamlessly connect to diverse IoT devices over many protocols
• Targets home automation, large mobile systems
• Typical uses– Register and connect to devices and
applications– Charge an account for service– Manage application and devices– Monitor systems
©2017 Real-Time Innovations, Inc.
Choose OneM2M?
• Do you know what “ICT” stands for, and is that you?
• Is the cellular network your primary connection technology?
• Are your target applications largely composed of moving parts?
• Can the components of your system tolerate intermittent connections and loosely-controlled latencies?
• Will your system leverage services provided by a communications provider such as a telco?
3+ Yes?
©2017 Real-Time Innovations, Inc.
MQTT: Collect Device Data
Message Queuing Telemetry Transport
(MQTT)
Collect datafrom sensors
For cloud
MQTT does not qualify as a core connectivity standard because it has no standard type system
Choose MQTT?
• Do you think of your application as data collection?
• Is there little device-device communications?
• Is interoperability not a consideration?
• Do you have many small devices?
• Is software a minor challenge?
©2017 Real-Time Innovations, Inc.
3+ Yes?
What if None Fit?
©2017 Real-Time Innovations, Inc. Confidential
EducationColleges & UniversitiesConferences & WorkshopsLaboritoriesPublicationSchoolsTrade Schools
Aerospace & DefenseAir ForceArrmyAviationHome Land SecurityMilitaryNavySpace Flight
AgricultureFarmingFishingForestryHydrologyLife SciencesRanchingWeather
Buildings & FacilitiesApartmentsBuilding & ConstructionBuilding Maintenance Building SecurityCommercial BuildingsConstructionEngineeringHomeHousing AuthoritiesHVACOfficeReal Estate
Consumer & HomeAutomotiveCommercial CookingConsumer ProductsDay CareElder CareEntertainmentFood and BeverageFood TrucksGroceryHome ProductsHospitalityPet CarePharmaciesPhotographyRecreation ServicesRestaurantsSporting EventsStreet VendorsTourismTravel
Energy & UtilitiesChemicalsElectricMiningOil & GasPetro-ChemicalsPowerRenewableSewerWater
EnvironmentAir Pollution ControlBiodiversity Eco-constructionEnvironmental Monitoring & InstrumentationEnvironmental Research & DevelopmentHeat & Energy Saving and Management
MetrologyNature ProtectionNoise & Vibration Control
OceanographyRecycled Materials Remediation & Clean Up of Soil & Groundwater Renewable Energy Production Waste Management & RecyclingWaste Water Treatment Water Supply
Finance & BankingAccounting SystemsATM SystemsCredit Card SystemsPoint of SalesRetail Banking
Public SectorCityCivil Administration Disaster PreventionEducationEmergency & Crisis ResponseEnvironmentFireLaw Enforcement & PoliceMunicipalities & CountiesPublic SafetyPublic SecuritySurveillanceTransportationWaste ManagementWater
HealthcareAssisted Care
Clinical Trials
Connected Medical Devices
Continuous Patient Monitoring
Dentistry
Disease Diagnosis
Home Healthcare
Hospitals
Life Sciences
Medical Offices
Medical Therapy
Pharma
Pharmacies
Media & Communication
Cable Providers
Computers
Entertainment
Global Media
Phones
Satellite TV
Telecommunications Carriers
Televisions
Video Recorders
Wireless Services
ManufacturingApparelBeverage & Tobacco ProductChemicalsComputer & Electronic ProductsElectrical Equipment & ComponentsFabricated Metal Products
FactoryFoodFurniture & Related Products
Industrial AutomationLeather & Allied ProductsMachineryNonmetallic Mineral ProductsPaperPetroleum & CoalPlastics & Rubber ProductsPrimary Metal ManufacturingPrinting & Related Support ActivitiesTextile MillsTextilesTransportation EquipmentWood Products
Mining & MetalsAluminum
Coal
Diamonds & Gemstones
General Mining
Gold
Iron & Steel
Nonferrous Metals
Platinum & Precious Metals
Near Space & New SpaceClosed Loop Ecological Systems
Closed Loop Living Systems
Constellation Controllers
Consumer Traffic Analytics
Ecological Planning
Environmental Monitoring
Hyper-Local Agriculture
Hyper-Local Construction
Hyper-Spectral Imaging
In-Flight Satelite Servicing
On-Site Materials Analytics and Inventory
On-Site Materials Optimization
Parametric City Planning
Parametric Construction Planning
Remote Maintenance and Diagnostics
Space Based Planning
Weather Pattern Analytics
TransportationAeronautics
Airport
Cargo Handling
Cruise Industry
Fleet Management
Freight Management
Logistics
Mobility
Pipelines
Postal & Delivery Services
Public Transportation
Rail
Roads
Shipping
Traffic Infrastructure
Transportation
Trucking
Vehicle
Wholesale & Distribution RetailApparel RetailersBroadline RetailersDrug RetailersFood Retailers & WholesalersHome Improvement RetailersSpecialized Consumer ServicesSpecialty Retailers
The IIoT is Big. Really big. You just won't believe how vastly, hugely, mind-bogglingly big it is.
I mean, you may think you can pick DDS or OPC UA or MQTT or OneM2M and it won’t really matter.
It does matter Understand the differences
Choose the best fit
©2017 Real-Time Innovations, Inc.
The real value is a common architecture that connects sensor to cloud, interoperates between vendors, and spans industries
©2017 Real-Time Innovations, Inc.
You don’t compete against competitors. You compete against market transitions.
– John Chambers
The Industrial IoT Disruption
Get It!1. Introduction
2. Connectivity Framework
3. Connectivity Reference Architecture
4. Connectivity Framework Layer
5. Connectivity Transport Layer
6. How to Assess a Connectivity Technology?
7. Connectivity Standards
8. Core Connectivity Standards
9. Other Connectivity Standards
10. Assessment Templates
https://www.iiconsortium.org/IICF.htm
FREE
Real-Time Innovations, Inc.
Thank You!
Rajive [email protected]@RajiveJoshiLinkedIn: Rajive Joshi
Stan [email protected]@RTIStanLinkedIn: Stan Schneider
Audience Q & ADr. Stan Schneider,
Chief Executive Officer,
RTI
Dr. Rajive Joshi,
Principal Solution Architect,
RTI
Thanks for joining us
Event archive available at:
http://ecast.opensystemsmedia.com/
E-mail us at: [email protected]