WHAT IS KEEPING YOUR COMMUNITY FROM
BECOMING DISASTER RESILIENT?
WHAT IS KEEPING YOUR COMMUNITY FROM
BECOMING DISASTER RESILIENT?
Walter Hays, Global Alliance for
Disaster Reduction, University of North Carolina, USA
THE WORLD’S COMMUNITIES FACE DISASTERS FROM:
• FLOODS• SEVERE
WINDSTORMS• EARTHQUAKES• TSUNAMIS• DROUGHTS• VOLCANIC
ERUPTIONS• LANDSLIDES• WILDFIRES
YOUR YOUR COMMUNITCOMMUNIT
YY
YOUR YOUR COMMUNITCOMMUNIT
YY
DATA BASES DATA BASES AND INFORMATIONAND INFORMATIONDATA BASES DATA BASES AND INFORMATIONAND INFORMATION
HAZARDS: GROUND SHAKING GROUND FAILURE SURFACE FAULTING TECTONIC DEFORMATION TSUNAMI RUN UP AFTERSHOCKS
•HAZARD MAPS•INVENTORY•VULNERABILITY•LOCATION
RISK ASSESSMENTRISK ASSESSMENT
RISK
ACCEPTABLE RISK
UNACCEPTABLE RISK
ANTICIPATORY ANTICIPATORY DECISIONS DECISIONS
BEST POLICIES AND PRACTICES FOR:•PREPAREDNESS•PROTECTION•RESPONSE & RECOVERY
4 PILLARS OF DISASTER 4 PILLARS OF DISASTER RESILIENCERESILIENCE
WE KNOW WHAT TO DO WE KNOW WHAT TO DO WE KNOW WHAT TO DO WE KNOW WHAT TO DO
THE KNOWLEDGE BASE
Best Practices for Mitigation Adaptation and Monitoring
Gateways to a Deeper Understanding
Real and Near- Real Time Information From Monitoring
Hazard, Vulnerability and Risk Characterization
Anticipatory Actions for all Events and all Situations
Situational Data Bases
Interfaces with all Real- and Near Real-Time Sources
Cause & Effect Relationships
APPLICATIONS
Implement Modern Codes and Lifeline Standards
Relocation/Rerouting of Cities and City Lifelines
Using Risk Assessments to Form Public Policy
Expanding Use of New Technologies
Becoming a Disaster Intelligent Community
CONTINUING EDUCATION
National Academies of Science & Engineering
Global Risk Assessments
Global Disaster Scenarios
International Collaboration on Educational Surges
Global Post Disaster Studies
A CONTINUUM OF KNOWLEDGE AND EXPERIENCE IS AVAILABLE TO A CONTINUUM OF KNOWLEDGE AND EXPERIENCE IS AVAILABLE TO EVERY COMMUNITY FOR BECOMING DISASTER RESILIENTEVERY COMMUNITY FOR BECOMING DISASTER RESILIENT
A CONTINUUM OF KNOWLEDGE AND EXPERIENCE IS AVAILABLE TO A CONTINUUM OF KNOWLEDGE AND EXPERIENCE IS AVAILABLE TO EVERY COMMUNITY FOR BECOMING DISASTER RESILIENTEVERY COMMUNITY FOR BECOMING DISASTER RESILIENT
2011 HAD A MAJOR DISASTER TO LEARN FROM…
• JAPANESE EARTHQUAKE
• M9.0
• MARCH 10, 2010
• …FOLLOWED BY A MAJOR TSUNAMI
NOTABLE DISASTERS AND CATASTROPHES DURING NOTABLE DISASTERS AND CATASTROPHES DURING 20112011
NOTABLE DISASTERS AND CATASTROPHES DURING NOTABLE DISASTERS AND CATASTROPHES DURING 20112011
FLOODS IN AUSTRALIA
EARTHQUAKE/TSUNAMI IN JAPAN
WILDFIRES IN ARIZONA AND TEXAS
HURRICANE IRENE AND TROPIAL STORM LEE
FLOODS ALONG THE MISSISSIPPI River
SUPER TORNADO OUTBREAK
CATALYSTS FOR CHANGECATALYSTS FOR CHANGE
NEW KNOWLEDGE FOR NEW KNOWLEDGE FOR COMMUNITY DISASTER COMMUNITY DISASTER RISK REDUCTION RISK REDUCTION
NEW KNOWLEDGE FOR NEW KNOWLEDGE FOR COMMUNITY DISASTER COMMUNITY DISASTER RISK REDUCTION RISK REDUCTION
VOLCANIC ERUPTIONS
2010 HAD A MAJOR DISASTER TO LEARN FROM…
• HAITI EARTH-QUAKE;
• M7.0
• JANUARY 12, 2010
• …FOLLOWED BY AFTERSHOCKS
NOTABLE DISASTERS IN 2010NOTABLE DISASTERS IN 2010NOTABLE DISASTERS IN 2010NOTABLE DISASTERS IN 2010
EARTHQUAKE IN HAUTI
EARTHQUAKE/TSUNAMI IN JAPAN
WILDFIRES IN RUSSUA AND USA
19 SEVERE WINDSTORMS
FLOODS IN EUROPE, PAKISTAN, CHINA, AND USA
GREAT SOLSTICE WINTER STORM
CATALYSTS FOR CHANGECATALYSTS FOR CHANGE
NEW KNOWLEDGE FOR NEW KNOWLEDGE FOR COMMUNITY DISASTER COMMUNITY DISASTER RISK REDUCTIONRISK REDUCTION
NEW KNOWLEDGE FOR NEW KNOWLEDGE FOR COMMUNITY DISASTER COMMUNITY DISASTER RISK REDUCTIONRISK REDUCTION
VOLCANIC ERUPTION IN ICELAND & INDONESIA
2009 HAD MAJOR DISASTERS TO LEARN FROM…
• TYPHOONS • …FOLLOWED BY STORM SURGE, HEAVY RAIN FAIL, WINDS, AND MUDFLOWS
2009’s CONTRIBUTION TO DISASTER KNOWLEDGE 2009’s CONTRIBUTION TO DISASTER KNOWLEDGE 2009’s CONTRIBUTION TO DISASTER KNOWLEDGE 2009’s CONTRIBUTION TO DISASTER KNOWLEDGE
THE YEAR OF EL NINO
8 ATLANTIC STORMS: IDA; 8 PACIFIC STORMS: RICK, …
11 TYPHOONS: MORAKOT, KETSANA, PARMA, …
EARTHQUAKES IN ITALY, AM. SAMOA, AND INDONESIA
WILDFIRES IN CALIFORNIA, GREECE,AND AUSTRALIA
FLOODS: USA, ITALY, TURKEY, ENGLAND, …
NEW OPPOR-TUNITIES FOR BUILDING CAPACITY
NEW OPPOR-TUNITIES FOR BUILDING CAPACITY
NEW KNOWLEDGE FOR NEW KNOWLEDGE FOR MAKING COMMUNITIES MAKING COMMUNITIES DISASTER RESILIENT DISASTER RESILIENT
NEW KNOWLEDGE FOR NEW KNOWLEDGE FOR MAKING COMMUNITIES MAKING COMMUNITIES DISASTER RESILIENT DISASTER RESILIENT
GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE
2008’s CONTRIBUTION TO DISASTER KNOWLEDGE 2008’s CONTRIBUTION TO DISASTER KNOWLEDGE 2008’s CONTRIBUTION TO DISASTER KNOWLEDGE 2008’s CONTRIBUTION TO DISASTER KNOWLEDGE
CYCLONE NARGIS IN MYANMAR
WENCHUAN, CHINA EARTHQUAKE
FLOODS: MIDWESTERN USA
16 ATLANTIC STORMS: FAY, GUSTAV, HANNA, IKE, …
WILDFIRES IN CALIFORNIA
ERUPTION OF VOLCANO CHAITEN, CHILE
NEW OPPOR-TUNITIES FOR BUILDING CAPACITY
NEW OPPOR-TUNITIES FOR BUILDING CAPACITY
NEW KNOWLEDGE FOR NEW KNOWLEDGE FOR MAKING COMMUNITIES MAKING COMMUNITIES DISASTER RESILIENT DISASTER RESILIENT
NEW KNOWLEDGE FOR NEW KNOWLEDGE FOR MAKING COMMUNITIES MAKING COMMUNITIES DISASTER RESILIENT DISASTER RESILIENT
GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE
2007’s CONTRIBUTION TO DISASTER KNOWLEDGE 2007’s CONTRIBUTION TO DISASTER KNOWLEDGE 2007’s CONTRIBUTION TO DISASTER KNOWLEDGE 2007’s CONTRIBUTION TO DISASTER KNOWLEDGE
GLOBAL FLOODS: CHINA, MEXICO, SE ASIA, USA, …EARTHQUAKES IN INDONESIA,PERU, JAPAN
14 TYPHOONS: MAN-YI, PABUK, SEPAT,,…
17 ATLANTIC STORMS: DEAN, FELIX,WIPHA, …
WILDFIRES IN EUROPE AND CALIFORNIA
DROUGHTS; HEAT WAVES IN EUROPE, USA
NEW OPPOR-TUNITIES FOR BUILDING CAPACITY
NEW OPPOR-TUNITIES FOR BUILDING CAPACITY
NEW KNOWLEDGE FOR NEW KNOWLEDGE FOR MAKING COMMUNITIES MAKING COMMUNITIES DISASTER RESILIENT DISASTER RESILIENT
NEW KNOWLEDGE FOR NEW KNOWLEDGE FOR MAKING COMMUNITIES MAKING COMMUNITIES DISASTER RESILIENT DISASTER RESILIENT
GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE
2006’s CONTRIBUTION TO DISASTER KNOWLEDGE 2006’s CONTRIBUTION TO DISASTER KNOWLEDGE 2006’s CONTRIBUTION TO DISASTER KNOWLEDGE 2006’s CONTRIBUTION TO DISASTER KNOWLEDGE
THE YEAR OF EL NINO AND A BERMUDA HIGH
22 PACIFIC TYPHOONS: BILIS, PRAPIROON, SAOMAI
FLOODS: ELBE, DANUBE, USA, N KOREA, MALAYSIA, CHINA
9 ATLANTIC STORMS: HELENE, GORDON, …
13 CYCLONES: GLENDA, LARRY, MONICA, …
QUAKES: GUJARAT, INDIA,; HAWAII, KAMCHATKA, …
NEW OPPOR-TUNITIES FOR BUILDING CAPACITY
NEW OPPOR-TUNITIES FOR BUILDING CAPACITY
NEW KNOWLEDGE FOR NEW KNOWLEDGE FOR MAKING COMMUNITIES MAKING COMMUNITIES DISASTER RESILIENT DISASTER RESILIENT
NEW KNOWLEDGE FOR NEW KNOWLEDGE FOR MAKING COMMUNITIES MAKING COMMUNITIES DISASTER RESILIENT DISASTER RESILIENT
WILDFIRES: AUSTRALIA, CALIFORNIA
2005’s CONTRIBUTION TO DISASTER KNOWLEDGE 2005’s CONTRIBUTION TO DISASTER KNOWLEDGE 2005’s CONTRIBUTION TO DISASTER KNOWLEDGE 2005’s CONTRIBUTION TO DISASTER KNOWLEDGE
28 ATLANTIC TROPICAL STORMS AND HURRICANES
HURRICANES KATRINA, RITA, STAN, AND WILMA
ERUPTION S: ILAMATEPEC IN El SALVADOR; MERAPI
PAKISTAN EARTHQUAKE
13 TYPHOONS: HAITANG, LONGWANG, MATSA, …
FLOODS: ROMANIA, AUSTRIA, GERMANY, GUJARAT, …
NEW OPPOR-TUNITIES FOR BUILDING CAPACITY
NEW OPPOR-TUNITIES FOR BUILDING CAPACITY
NEW KNOWLEDGE FOR NEW KNOWLEDGE FOR MAKING COMMUNITIES MAKING COMMUNITIES DISASTER RESILIENT DISASTER RESILIENT
NEW KNOWLEDGE FOR NEW KNOWLEDGE FOR MAKING COMMUNITIES MAKING COMMUNITIES DISASTER RESILIENT DISASTER RESILIENT
PORTUGAL WILDFIRES
2004’s CONTRIBUTION TO DISASTER KNOWLEDGE 2004’s CONTRIBUTION TO DISASTER KNOWLEDGE 2004’s CONTRIBUTION TO DISASTER KNOWLEDGE 2004’s CONTRIBUTION TO DISASTER KNOWLEDGE
ATLANTIC STORMS: BONNIE, CHARLIE, IVAN, JEANNE
INDONESIA EARTHQUAKE
AUSTRALIAN REGION CYCLONES: MEENA, NANCY
TYPHOONS MEGI, CHABA, SONGDA,TOKAGE, WINNIE
INDIAN OCEAN TSUNAMI
FLOODS: INDIA, PAKISTAN, BANGLADESH, NEPAL
NEW OPPOR-TUNITIES FOR BUILDING CAPACITY
NEW OPPOR-TUNITIES FOR BUILDING CAPACITY
NEW KNOWLEDGE FOR NEW KNOWLEDGE FOR MAKING COMMUNITIES MAKING COMMUNITIES DISASTER RESILIENT DISASTER RESILIENT
NEW KNOWLEDGE FOR NEW KNOWLEDGE FOR MAKING COMMUNITIES MAKING COMMUNITIES DISASTER RESILIENT DISASTER RESILIENT
NIIGATA EARTHQUAKE AND LANDSLIDES
2003’s CONTRIBUTION TO DISASTER KNOWLEDGE 2003’s CONTRIBUTION TO DISASTER KNOWLEDGE 2003’s CONTRIBUTION TO DISASTER KNOWLEDGE 2003’s CONTRIBUTION TO DISASTER KNOWLEDGE
21 STORMS; HURRICANES FABIAN, ISABEL, AND JUAN
BAM, IRAN AND BOUR-MEDES, ALGERIA QUAKES
15 PACIFIC TYPHOONS; SIX INDIAN OCEAN CYCLONES
SANTA FE ARGENTINA FLOOD
OKANAGAN WILDFIRE: BRITISH COLOMBIA, CANADA
EUROPEAN HEAT WAVE
NEW OPPOR-TUNITIES FOR BUILDING CAPACITY
NEW OPPOR-TUNITIES FOR BUILDING CAPACITY
NEW KNOWLEDGE FOR NEW KNOWLEDGE FOR MAKING COMMUNITIES MAKING COMMUNITIES DISASTER RESILIENT DISASTER RESILIENT
NEW KNOWLEDGE FOR NEW KNOWLEDGE FOR MAKING COMMUNITIES MAKING COMMUNITIES DISASTER RESILIENT DISASTER RESILIENT
NORTH AMERICAN BLIZZARD
COLLABORATION DURING ALL
4 PHASES OF DISASTER RESILIENCE PLANNING
IS THE BEST WAY FORWARD
COLLABORATION DURING ALL
4 PHASES OF DISASTER RESILIENCE PLANNING
IS THE BEST WAY FORWARD
KEY ELEMENT FOR SUCCESS KEY ELEMENT FOR SUCCESS
• LEADERS, WHO CAN FIND “MULTIPLE OPPORTUNITIES”
FOR INCREASING COLLABORATION
OPPORTUNITIES
• EDUCATIONAL SURGES
• PREVENTION & MITIGATION
• PREPAREDNESS
• MONITORING AND WARNING
• EMERGENCY RESPONSE
• RECOVERY & RECON-STRUCTION.
OPPORTUNITIES
• EDUCATIONAL SURGES
• PREVENTION & MITIGATION
• PREPAREDNESS
• MONITORING AND WARNING
• EMERGENCY RESPONSE
• RECOVERY & RECON-STRUCTION.
TECHNOLOGY BASE
TECHNOLOGY BASE
MULTIPLE OPPORTUNITIES EXIST FOR COLLABORATION TO REDUCE DISASTER RISK
POSTDISASTER INVESTIGATIONS
POSTDISASTER INVESTIGATIONS
RESEARCHRESEARCH
MAXIMIZE BENEFIT/COSTMAXIMIZE BENEFIT/COST
RECOVERY & RECOVERY & RECONSTRUCTIONRECONSTRUCTION
ALL ELEMENTS ALL ELEMENTS ARE ARE
INTERRELATEDINTERRELATED
MITIGATIONMITIGATION PREPAREDNESSPREPAREDNESS
EMERGENCY EMERGENCY RESPONSERESPONSE
MAXIMIZING BENEFITS IN EACH PHASE OF THE MAXIMIZING BENEFITS IN EACH PHASE OF THE DISASTER REDUCTION PLANNING CYCLEDISASTER REDUCTION PLANNING CYCLE : :
START BY REVISITING YOUR
COMMUNITY’S GOALS AND POLICIES, AND
LOOKING FOR NEW WAYS TO IMPLEMENT THEM
START BY REVISITING YOUR
COMMUNITY’S GOALS AND POLICIES, AND
LOOKING FOR NEW WAYS TO IMPLEMENT THEM
RECOGNIZE THAT YOUR COMMUNITY MAY BE THINKING
INSIDE A BOX
RECOGNIZE THAT YOUR COMMUNITY MAY BE THINKING
INSIDE A BOX
BE HONEST ABOUT THE BOX YOUR COMMUNITY IS IN AND
START THINKING ABOUT WAYS TO TEAR DOWN THE WALLS
BE HONEST ABOUT THE BOX YOUR COMMUNITY IS IN AND
START THINKING ABOUT WAYS TO TEAR DOWN THE WALLS
ASK: ARE WE MAKING ANY OF THE MISTAKES THAT LED TO DISASTERS
DURING 2003, …, 2010?
ASK: ARE WE MAKING ANY OF THE MISTAKES THAT LED TO DISASTERS
DURING 2003, …, 2010?
LIVING WITH RISKLIVING WITH RISK
INCREASED DEMANDS INCREASED DEMANDS ON COMMUNITYON COMMUNITY
INCREASED DEMANDS INCREASED DEMANDS ON COMMUNITYON COMMUNITY
GOAL: BALANCE DEMAND GOAL: BALANCE DEMAND WITH CAPACITYWITH CAPACITY
DECREASED DECREASED CAPABILITIES OF CAPABILITIES OF
COMMUNITYCOMMUNITY
DECREASED DECREASED CAPABILITIES OF CAPABILITIES OF
COMMUNITYCOMMUNITY
LIVING WITH RISKLIVING WITH RISK
INCREASED DEMANDS INCREASED DEMANDS ON COMMUNITYON COMMUNITY
INCREASED DEMANDS INCREASED DEMANDS ON COMMUNITYON COMMUNITY
FAILUREFAILURE
DECREASED DECREASED CAPABILITIES OF CAPABILITIES OF
COMMUNITYCOMMUNITY
DECREASED DECREASED CAPABILITIES OF CAPABILITIES OF
COMMUNITYCOMMUNITY
STRATEGIC PLANNING ENHANCES STRATEGIC PLANNING ENHANCES COLLABORATIONCOLLABORATION
STRATEGIC PLANNING ENHANCES STRATEGIC PLANNING ENHANCES COLLABORATIONCOLLABORATION
WW33 MODEL FOR MODEL FOR STRATEGIC PLANNINGSTRATEGIC PLANNINGWW33 MODEL FOR MODEL FOR STRATEGIC PLANNINGSTRATEGIC PLANNING
WHAT WHAT DO WE DO WE
WANTWANT??
WHAT WHAT DO WE DO WE
WANTWANT??
WHAT WHAT DO WE DO WE HAVE?HAVE?
WHAT WHAT DO WE DO WE HAVE?HAVE?
WHAT WHAT
CAN CAN WE WE DO?DO?
WHAT WHAT
CAN CAN WE WE DO?DO?
PPPPTTTT
SSSSOOOO
CACA
DISASTER & HAZARD DISASTER & HAZARD INFORMATIONINFORMATION
SYSTEMSSYSTEMS
TECHNIQUES TECHNIQUES AND AND
TECHNOLOGIESTECHNOLOGIES
PRIVATE SECTORPRIVATE SECTOR PUBLIC SECTOR
PUBLIC SECTOR
ACADEMIAACADEMIA
FUNCTIONAL FUNCTIONAL NETWORKING NETWORKING
CHANNELSCHANNELS
INFORMATION INFORMATION NETWORKING NETWORKING
CHANNELSCHANNELSORGANIZATION ORGANIZATION NETWORKING NETWORKING
CHANNELSCHANNELS
COLLABORATIONCOLLABORATION
COMMUNITY COMMUNITY STAKEHOLDERSSTAKEHOLDERS
Stratec ConsultingStratec Consulting