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Chapter 20
Antimicrobial Drugs
Chemotherapy
• Antibiotic
• Synthetic
• Semisynthetic
• Bactericidal
• Bacteriostatic
Spectrum of activity
• Broad spectrum
• Narrow spectrum
• Selective toxicity
Action of antimicrobial drugs
• Inhibition of cell wall synthesis
Action of antimicrobial drugs
• Inhibition of cell wall synthesis
• Inhibition of protein synthesis
Action of antimicrobial drugs
• Inhibition of cell wall synthesis
• Inhibition of protein synthesis
• Injury to plasma membrane
Action of antimicrobial drugs
• Inhibition of cell wall synthesis
• Inhibition of protein synthesis
• Injury to plasma membrane
• Inhibition of nucleic acid synthesis
• Inhibition of synthesis of essential metabolites
Other antimicrobials
• Antifungal drugs
• Antiviral drugs
• Antiprotozoan drugs
• Antihelminthic drugs
Evaluation of antimicrobials
• Disk-diffusion method
Evaluation of antimicrobials
• Disk-diffusion method
• Broth dilution tests
Effectiveness of antimicrobial agents
• Drug resistance
• Antibiotic safety
• Combination of drugs