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Location
• Rome was built on 7 hills.
• Rome is on the Italian peninsula which is very well protected.
• Surrounding Rome is the Mediterranean Sea a good natural barrier.
• Roman civilization started on the Tiber river since it was a good source water.
Expansion
• During Rome’s peak Rome controlled all of the Mediterranean sea.
• The Punic wars helped gain much of this land.
• It went as far North as Gaul and South as Egypt
Geographical Features
• One of the major features was the Alps.
• Another feature is the Tiber river.
• Also there is the Mediterranean Sea.
• Finally there is the Adriatic Sea.
Resources
• The Tiber river was an important source of water for the Romans.
• Rome had a large supply of soil for farming.
• Grapes grew all over Rome so they had wine.
• They also had marble to build houses.
Religious Conflicts• During the time of
ancient Rome Christians were punished.
• Christians were burned for there religion.
• The emperor Nero blamed Christians for the fire.
• Though over time Christianity became the head religion of Rome.
Roman Religion
• Romans believed in many gods.
• Romans built huge temples for ceremonies
• To please gods Romans sacrificed animals.
• Roman religion was the start of gladiator fights.
Christianity• Christians were the first
to believe in only one god.
• Unlike Romans Christians used smaller temples to practice and share religion.
• Early Christians were pacifists and did not go to war.
• Christians had there own secret language.
Etruscan Mysticism
• Etruscans believed in mysticism, the study of signs from god.
• In an old ritual two male slaves would fight to the death.
• Etruscans would also make sculptures for tombs of the wealthy
Military Organization• When Romans fought
on rough land they split into groups of about 100 to move easier.
• When the battle field was flat they fought in a straight line.
• Smaller groups made it easier to sneak around the enemy.
• They also copied a Carthage ship to fight over seas.
Latin language
• Latin made it easier to trade and communicate since it was common in the empire.
• Latin is the root of English.
• Latin could be written and spoken.
• Latin is said to be the language of nobles
Development of the aqueduct
• Aqueducts were used to transport water to distant places.
• People used the water from them to drink, wash clothes, and irrigate crops.
• Some aqueducts towered high over land intersected like highways.
Republic Form of Gov.
• The republic was the fairest government Rome used.
• In the republic the leaders and laws were voted on.
• Our government is based on the republics Gov.
Political corruption• In the empire choosing
emperors became unfair for citizens.
• At one time in the empire the highest bidder would become emperor.
• During this time emperors were killed quickly.
• This is one reason Rome fell.
Nero
• Nero killed everyone in his family.
• He would lock people in auditoriums and make them listen to him sing.
• He spent money on a hose made of gold.
• He also blamed the Christians for the fire.
Monarchy
• The Etruscans ruled Rome with a monarchy.
• A monarchy is ruled by a king that makes all laws.
• The Romans over threw the Etruscans thus starting the Roman republic,
The Senate• During the republic the
senate was the highest power.
• The senate made descisions on laws and leaders.
• When the empire started the senate lost power.
• Members of the senate killed Julius Caesar for his views.
Taxes• During the empire taxes
varied on the emperor who made them.
• When Augustus ruled taxes started low and then increased when the empire needed money.
• At one time taxes were collected in fruits and vegetables
Farmers• Farmers provided food
for the whole empire.• In early days farmers
worked side by side with slaves.
• When the amount of slaves increased people could by slaves to make crops for cheap.
• So forth farmers could not compete and became poor.
Trade• Rome’s main export
was wine since they had a lot of grapes.
• They imported metals and gold because they did not have either.
• They also exported marble to other countries.
• Latin made it much easier to trade.
Inflation
• Once Rome stopped gaining more lands gold stopped coming into the empire.
• Though wealthy Romans kept on spending gold.
• There for merchants raised prices on goods , so people stared to trade again.
• Eventually taxes had to be paid in fruits and vegetables.
Plebian's
• Plebeians were the lower class of ancient Rome.
• 90 percent of Rome’s population was plebeians.
• They were farmers, potters, sculptures, black smiths slaves, etc.
• They lived in small apartment that were very haserdous.
Patricians• Patricians were the upper
class of ancient Rome.• Only 10 percent of Rome’s
population was Patricians.• Most Patricians were a part
of the senate which made laws unfair to the poor sometimes.
• Patricians lived in large homes called domus with marble walls.
Family Life• On wedding day ,in Rome,
the bride and groom would go to a temple and exchange rings.
• Once married the husband was to take care of his future family.
• When a child was born the father would decide if it was to be kept or not.
• Children had many of the toys we have now.
Slaves
• Before the empire expanded slaves were treated well.
• They worked side by side with farmers.
• When Rome expanded the amount of slaves increased.
• Then they were treated poorly.