Slide 1Objectives
At the end of the session audience will be able to:
Explain the mechanism of different physiological processes-
Breathing
Coughing
Sneezing
Phonation
Blinking
Breathing
The process of taking air into and expelling it from the lungs
(Oxford Dictionary)
4
Breathing
Breathing
Thoracic cavity volume increases
Thoracic cavity volume decreases
Elastic lung recoil passively
Coughing
A rapid expulsion of air from the lungs, typically in order to clear the lung airways
of fluids, mucus, or other material.
(MedicineNet.com)
90
decibel
Coughing
16
Coughing
Coughing
Coughing
Receptor
Afferent nerve
Effector muscle
About 2.5 liters air is inspired
Epiglottis closes, vocal cords shuts tightly to entrap the air within the lungs
Abdominal and intercostal muscles contract forcefully
Air comes out from lungs with high velocity
Sneezing
Expulsion of air and nasal secretions from the nose involuntarily, as the result of irritation of the nasal mucous membrane
(Collins Dictionary)
22
Sneezing
Sneezing
Receptor
Effector muscle
Uvula and soft palate depress to partially close the mouth
Abdominal and intercostal muscles contract forcefully
Expulsion of irritants both from nose and mouth
Coughing vs. Sneezing
Irritation of nasal mucosa
(Merriam-Webster Dictionary)





Temperature Regulation
that allows the human body to maintain
its core internal temperature
42 Seconds
52 Minutes
Wim Hof (born 20 April 1959) is a Dutch, commonly nicknamed "The Iceman“.
The Guinness World Record is now set for 1 hour and 52 minutes and 42 seconds by Hof. 2011
40
to be carried out
Blinking
16/minute
46
Blinking
47
Blinking center in globus pallidus of lentiform nucleus of basal ganglia
Impulse via facial nerve and oculomotor nerve
Orbicularis oculi and levator pal
Opening and closing of eyelids
Blinking
48
4
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2
1
7
3
5
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K
P
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M
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one for the teller, one for the listener,
and one for him
(Armenian tale)