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CULTURE: KHALKHA
ASIA
Mongols.PEOPLE FROM
MONGOLIA ARE
Mongolian(Khalkha
dialect) = HalhTHEY SPEAK
FlagEmblem
KHALKHAS LIVE IN MONGOLIA
THE CAPITAL IS ULAANBAATAR
It is bordered by Russia to the north and China to the south, east and west.
GREETINGS
TYPICAL HOUSE
YURT or GER: It is made of wool and wood.
They are khalkha nomads. They live in herding camps and migrate seasonally (4-5 timeas a year) with their animals (horses, cattle, sheep) .
HELLO = SAIN BAINA UU! (San Ban Oh)
FOOD
Khorkhog (soup), served with a plate of meat and
vegetables. Buuz (dumplings) Khuushuur (dumplings)
Boortsog (fried cookies) Boodog (meat)
They like…Khalkhas mainly eat fat, meat
(mutton=lamb), milk and dairy products. Their favourite drink is airag or kumiss, which is fermented mare’s milk (female
horse).
CLOTHES
Mongols wear nice, richly decorated clothes which compensate the simple, ascetic nomadic lifestyle.
Men and women both wear DEEL, a large overcoat made of cotton, wool, silk,…
FAMILY
The traditional Mongol family was patriarchal, it gave more importance to men in comparison to women. Khalkha nomads marry very young (girls are 13-14 years old and boys are a little older). Urban khalkhas marry in their twenties. Birth control is discouraged in Mongolia. Families with six or more children are given financial benefits.
Bride and groom
RELIGION
CURRENCY
MEANS OF TRANSPORT
Sleigh
Tibetan Buddhism, Shamanism (They believe in unseen world of gods, demons and spirits. Shamans, medicinemen, cure the sick by magic, communicate with gods and control events) and also Islam.
Mongolian Tugrik is the official currency of Mongolia.
Khalkhas go on foot.
Yaks
ANIMALS
Horses
Sheep
Goats
Cattle
CamelsArgalies
Marmot
Snow leopard
PLANTS
Ruibarbo
Saxaul
Karagana
pPasture LandsGobi Desert
Forests
Rhododendrons
Edelweiss
RIVER
MOUNTAINS
Khüiten peak (4.374m.), in the
Mongol-Altai Range.
The longest river in Mongolia isOrkhon River
GEOGRAPHY
DESERT
Gobi Desert is one of the biggest
and most important deserts
in the world. LAKE
Lake Baikal is the most voluminous freshwater lakein the world. Also, the deepest, the oldest and one of the
clearest.
Mongolian climate can be described as continental with hot short summers and long, dry and
very cold winters.
CLIMATE / WEATHER
It rains more in the north of Mongolia than in the south. It
hardly rains in the desert.
JOBS
Most khalkha nomads are farmers who live and work on the collective (community) farms, herding and cultivating. Khalkhas who live in the cities work
on industry, mining and transport.
FAMOUS PEOPLE
He was a mongolian warrior and conquerorthat unified nomad tribes in the north of Asia, founding the 1st mongolian empire, the largest
In the History.
GENGHIS KHAN
MONUMENTS
GENGHIS KHAN STATUE AND MUSEUM
SPORTSMUSIC & ART
THANGKAS (painting of a religious scene on cotton or silk).
MOORIN KHUURIt’s a musical instrument.
BÖKH (Mongolian Wrestling)
HORSEMANSHIP
ARCHERY
KHOOMI = Mongolian throat
singing.
TSAM = Mongolian dance to make spirits go away.
CURIOSITIES
Mongolian Paleontologic fossil
Mongolia's distance from the sea and poor roads have contributed to a poor economy. One-third of the country lives in extreme poverty. Rape, murder, alcoholism, and violence are major problems in Mongolia's urban areas today. Many young people are also involved in criminal gangs.
CURIOSITIES