CAUSE AND EFFECT MODEL

Presented by:Janine F. Legaspi

Definition It is an attempt to understand

why things happen as they do.

CAUSE EFFECT

Definition It helps students learn to think

critically and analyze the situation scientifically.

DefinitionAs a classroom discussion model, it

is both a way of thinking and a method of evaluation.

Why is it important?Students need to be able to

clearly recognize cause and effect relationships so that they are able to think analytically in their personal and academic lives.

General Guidelines for Classroom Discussions

1. Always ask WHY.Why does climate change occur?

2. Let students justify their answers

3. Make list of possible causes

• Deforestation• Increasing amounts of pollutants in the

atmosphere• Increasing population

4. Make list of possible effects

• Increasing global temperature• Melting of glaciers• Rising sea level• Hotter summer and colder winter• Stronger typhoons

5. Use graphic organizers

6. Develop the vocabulary of cause and effect

Because

Since

cause If…then

before

consequently

This led to

Accordingly

As a result of

May be due to

yet

For this reason

7. Ask for conclusionsIncreasing amounts of pollutants greatly affects our climate.

8. Ask for generalizationsClimate change is greatly caused by human activities.

9. Evaluate student’s performance

“Cause and Effect” Evaluation in

Education

1. DataLow achievement of students in

Mathematics

2. Causesteacher factorlack of booksCurriculumseating arrangementteaching strategymental abilityanxiety or fear in math

3. EffectsStudents cannot understand lessons that

lead to low ratings/scores in tests in math

Students fail in the subject

4. ConclusionMany factors cause low achievement of

students in Mathematics

5. GeneralizationLow achievement in math is caused by

teacher and student factors

6. Evaluate students’ performance

Conduct research to determine the extent to which the different factors contribute to students’ low achievement in Mathematics

Thank you for listening!