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CULTURE AND SOCIETY
FRANCO`S DICTATORSHIP FRANCO`S DICTATORSHIP
SYMBOLS AND ICONS
SONGS
ARTISTIC REPRESENTATIONS
ROLE OF WOMEN
Fascist art is propaganda art. Therefore, it is executed for masses.
Fascist propaganda must penetrate all social life.
Walter Benjamin
There was a plan to spread symbols and icons related to Francoist ideology.
Symbols were based on Spanish Empire´s ones (Catholic kings, Felipe II, Carlos I).
Spanish coat of arms during the dictatorship
Spanish coat of arms during the reign of Fernando and Isabel
Symbols and icons
The arrow and the yoke represents the hard work and the brave and military spirit of the Spaniards.
Franco used cinema and TV is a way of propaganda.
The script of this film, Raza, was written by
Franco.
t
Some comics comunicated to the youngest, facist values such as fear of difference (racist, xenophobe), heroism and a permanent state of warfare.
Valle de los caidos
Franco wished to create a new spanish empire.Francoist architecture tried to imitate the c. XVI
Spanish Empire.
Francoist architecture
Ministerio del Aire (1940-48)
The leader worshipping is fundamental in any dictatorship.The images projected an idealized image (young, strong, etc.).
Franco`s artistic representations
Spanish peseta coin with the image of Franco, saying “Francisco Franco, leader of Spain, by the grace of God”
Lots of falangist anthems were created to explain facist values that people should know and defend.
Francoist music “Cara al sol” Falangist Combat Anthem
These songs were commonly sung at military parades, at schools and also at prisons were political prisoners were obliged to sing as a way to spread the francoist values.
These songs or anthems were usually plenty of chauvinist, military, racist or political messages that are nowadays abolished by our democratic system.
Francoist Regime based on the nazi German’s main grounds: Children, Home, Church(Kinder, Küche,Kirche)
Women during Franco’s Regime
The woman role in the Franco era
The wife subdue her husband & the daughter put down the father.
Section 57 of the Civil Code : The husband has to protect the wife and she has to obey him”.
Guardianship of single women until 25 years old.
It was not allowed:Home Abandonment without parental permission of not being to marry.
Emigration without parental certificate.
THE WOMAN AND THE FATHER
Married women couldn´t have their own possessions. Husband´s authorization is necesary for it.
A written permission from their husbands was required to women to signed an employment contract.
THE WIFE AND THE HUSBAND THE WIFE AND THE HUSBAND
The exclusive “sciences” for women were: cookerysewing anddomestic economy
The women and their education
Careers for woman
Single women or widows under 35 years old without children had to do military service for six months, dor six hours a day in order to learn the female “jobs”.
SOCIAL SERVICE
Art and Oblivion
“The campaign to pull down Franco statues has provoked heated debate between those who see them as part of Spain’s history and others who
wish to extirpate any trace of the era” -Daily co.uk-
HISTORICAL MEMORY
El Camp de la Bota by Francesc Abad. Composed by objects of Franco dictatorship´s victims. Museo de Arte Contemporáneo de Barcelona (MACBA).
“Children, only animals live entirely in the Here and Now. Only nature doesn’t know the
memory and the history.”
Waterland by Graham Swift
History or Inquiry.To know that what we are is what
we are because our past has determined it.
To learn from our mistakes so it will be better, in future.