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honors world history- the road to wwii
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The Road To WWII
Chapter 29
ItalyEconomic struggles led to totalitarianism Mussolini rose to power by preventing a communist take overBlackshirts used force to eliminate Mussolini’s competitionConsolidated power in Italy and built up Italy’s Military
Weimar RepublicIn 1919, Germans created a democratic republic
People never bought into gov’t
Owed $35 Billion in reparations
High inflation crippled economy
In the mid 1920’s Germany began to recover thanks to American loans
Adolph HitlerBorn in Austria (4/20/1889)
Only child to survive
Influences on WeltanschauungFailure at SchoolVienna years (1907-1913)Munich Years & WWI
WWI War HeroAfter war joined the board of the National Socialist German Workers Party (NSDAP-Nazis)
Rise of National SocialismConservative party consisting mostly of former soldiers in Munich
Beerhall Putsch-(10/8/1923)Imitate Mussolini
Fails due to leaks in party
Tried for Treason-Jail-MeinKampf
During mid 20’s prosperity, party lost influence
After market crash, Nazi party became very popular
Hitler Comes to PowerDuring Great Depression, Hitler’s message was heardPolitical Instability
Nazis gain seats in Reichstag (1930-33)Hitler as Chancellor (1/30/1933)
Reichstag Burns (2/27/1933)Blamed Socialists/CommunistsFeb. 28- “Protection of Ger. People”
Reichstag granted Hitler complete power to “fix” Germany
GleichshaltungEnabling Act (April 1st, 1933)
Law for the Coordination of the States (April 7th, 1933)
Restoration of Civil Service
Eliminated opposition within own party in 1934 (Night of Long Knives)
Hindenburg dies in Aug. 1934Hitler becomes Fuhrer
Nuremburg Rallies
Wagnerian Opera
Unity, Harmony, Strength
Filmed and shown as propaganda
Growth of GermanyPromoted industry
Built Autobahn
Military Rearmament
Wanted Germany to be an Autarchy
1936 Olympics
4 Year Plan (1936) to be ready for war
Hitler had to keep people happy
Instrument of Terror: Rise of the SS
Led by Heinrich Himmler
Embodied the Aryan Ideal
Created a police state and a system of terror
Developed complex ideology
Lebensborne program
Persecution of the Jews
Phase I-Jewish Boycott (1933)
Phase II-Social Segregation (1935)
Phase III-Violence (1938)Kristallnacht-Nov.9-10
Phase IV-Final Solution1939-1945
Policy of Appeasement
Geneva Disarmament Conf. (1933)German Rearmament (1935)Remilitarized Rhineland (1936)Alliance with MussoliniAnschluss w/ Austria (Mar. 1938)Sudetenland Crisis (1938)