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Ask par)cipants to share what they’ve seen. Share story of Internet Librarian conference many years ago: person had the en)re presenta)on on slides; panicked and started saying, “Well, you can just read the slides yourself”; ran out of )me before she was even halfway through her presenta)on.
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Most failures-‐ outside of technology ones-‐ fall into these 3 areas. Rebecca and Nathan will concentrate on #1; Jennifer and I will discuss visuals and content today. This en)re PPT, complete with speakers’ notes, will be made available to you aQer the Webinar. We’ll be assuming you already have a presenta)on in mind-‐ perhaps you have had a proposal accepted for a conference like VLA and now you need to put the presenta)on together.
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Many people underes)mate prep )me-‐ and the resul)ng presenta)on reflects that. I spent about 15-‐20 hours on this presenta)on, not coun)ng today’s actual Webinar. Jennifer?
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Consider the purpose Purpose will shape everything about the speech, from the tone to the length
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Leading a book group discussion vs. introducing an author reading Cri)cal lens vs. flaYering Go longer vs. get out of the way
Professionally, probably be informa)ve or persuasive
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Leading a book group discussion vs. introducing an author reading Cri)cal lens vs. flaYering Go longer vs. get out of the way
Professionally, probably be informa)ve or persuasive
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Designed to convince the audience to agree with a par)cular claim about an issue. Argue to an administrator that we should increase the collec)on budget by 20% because of price increases in serials. Keynote speeches at conferences are oQen more on the persuasive side; they want to change your heart or mind.
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Last year’s “Behind the Lines of the poli)cal baYle for libraries”
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Persuasive speech You need to make more emo)onal appeals (also known as pathos) You’ll need to really think about your language choices
Allitera)on You’ll want to move people
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We’re a very prac)cal profession-‐ more likely to see informa)ve Designed to give the audience a deeper understanding of a topic.
Case studies/ Here’s how we did it Tend to be seen more at the local and regional conferences Research studies
These can s)ll be persuasive-‐ “why don’t you try this”-‐ but the emphasis is on sharing informa)on.
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2 examples from last year’s VLA
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You’ll be more maYer of fact, but you need to find the story. Why is this informa)on interes)ng? What problem did it solve? What challenge does it bring? Why should your audience care? You’ll give more pro’s and con’s Less emo)on is needed (humor, floweriness) but you s)ll need to make it interes)ng!
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Consider your audience Lots of people don’t do this-‐ it’s important! Tailor your speech to who will be in your audience
Effects content and language Essen)al to think about why they are in your audience and what might be of interest to them
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Even within our field, different areas have jargon that may not make sense to other librarians.
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Also need to consider-‐ will it be a friendly audience? Are you talking about something controversial? Will there be resistance? Think also about )me of day and how close or far away you are from meals!
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Do I want to engage them in some ac)vity? If so… How many people do you expect to be in the audience? How do you think the room will be set up?
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In a professional presenta)on, you will have a strict )me limit. Prac)ce!!! Topic: Social media in the library
Lightning talk (7 minutes) Here’s a really fun new app!
Concurrent presenta)on (45-‐50 minutes) Here’s how we put together a social media presence and evaluated how effec)ve it is
Workshop (3 hours) Let’s brainstorm ways to use social media and then do mul)ple ac)vi)es that will lead to audience members’ crea)ng a social media plan for their libraries.
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Who knows? You can spend 3 seconds on a slide, you could spend 3 minutes on a slide. Un)l you prac)ce you won’t know if you have enough or too many slides.
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This is the real ques)on. And you won’t know this un)l you prac)ce.
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This may take a few minutes to discuss; a cat picture might fly by.
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But rule of thumb for danger: For a regular session, don’t have more slides than you do minutes!
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Takeaways What do you want your audience to ‘take away’ from your presenta)on? Remember to make it audience-‐focused, not presenter-‐focused.
Par)cipants will be able to tailor their presenta)ons differently depending on whether the intent is persuasive or informa)ve. NOT: I will present the difference between a persuasive and informa)ve speech.
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We have our purpose, our audience analysis done– we can start wri)ng up our presenta)on script. Note that I didn’t say your PRESENTATION! You need to have your ‘story’ craQed before you even think about slides.
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Counterintu)ve-‐ but don’t worry about the introduc)on People can caught up in how to start a presenta)on-‐ but really need to get the body done, then worry about introduc)on and conclusion. AQer you know what you’re going to say, work on your intro and conclusion -‐Avoid “throat clearing”-‐ people meandering
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Use Word or PPT to create an outline Capture your main points-‐ I have them all on one slide; in reality, I like to put one main point per slide
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Make sure you are telling a story Make sure it is audience-‐focused Make sure it is in line with your planned take-‐aways. I tend to have one slide per suppor)ng idea-‐ and that might be broken down further
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A special word about giving background informa)on. A common flaw is getng too caught up in explaining the environment. If I’m presen)ng on the instruc)on program, do I need to share all these stats? NO. Figure out what’s important for the audience to know in order for your story to make sense.
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We’ve talked a bit about avoiding professional jargon. Also need to keep in mind that you may have ins)tu)onal language that you’ve internalized but may not be explicit to your audience.
Example: Univ100; CORE Watch out for acronyms
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Once the body is done, think about how to immediately engage your audience. This is where your introduc)on comes in. AYen)on geYer
Depends on the context, your audience, and your strengths as a speaker Examples
Tell a story Ask a ques)on (that’s what we used!)-‐ closed or open Use a video clip/funny picture Use a striking quota)on or interes)ng fact
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Conclusion Bookend to the introduc)on Otherwise, trail off into “And that’s it…” Signal the end of your talk, “As I wrap up…” Ac)vate the audience. What do you most want your audience to remember about your topic? Provide psychological closure. It can be a statement that is wiYy or amusing. Powerful example: circular conclusion. Final step of the conclusion refers back to the aYen)on-‐getng step of the intro. Ted Talk: box
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No)ce we never said how many bullet points you should have on a slide, or how much text should be on a slide. DANGER: This is NOT your visual aid. Your audience should never see this version! When someone reads their PPT Jennifer will now talk about how to create a visually compelling visual aid
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Here’s my script outline for the conclusion. I’ve included it in the notes field of the sunset slide so that you can refer to the text aQerwards, but it would be deadly to read this to you! Jennifer will now talk about how to create a visually compelling visual aid
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These rules will apply no maYer what medium you are using to present. It will work for PowerPoint or Prezi. The fundamentals are the same.
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With text, less is always more. Avoid using slides that are full of text. If your slides contain mostly text, you are distrac)ng your audience from what you have to say. You are asking them to listen to you and read your slides at the same )me. The mind struggles to do both, and it undermines what you are trying to say. If your slides need to include a lot of text (sta)s)cs, data, etc.), hide them un)l you are ready to discuss them. Limit your use of effects and transi)ons when using PowerPoint or Prezi. Again, you do not want to distract from what you are trying to say.
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So why is this true? Science! Well, it’s called the Picture Superiority Effect and it shows that humans are beYer able to learn and recall informa)on that is presented as a picture than when the same informa)on is presented in words. In one experiment par)cipants were able to remember about 10% of the content they had been told 72 hours later. Those who were presented with informa)on in picture format were able to recall about 65% of the content. The brain also processes visual content 60,000x faster that textual content. Pictures make it easier for us to understand it. hYp://blog.hubspot.com/blog/tabid/6307/bid/34274/7-‐Lessons-‐From-‐the-‐World-‐s-‐Most-‐Cap)va)ng-‐Presenters-‐SlideShare.aspx
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The text needs to be in a big, bold font that is easy to read. Make sure the people on the back row will be able to see the text on your slides. Avoid the cutesy fonts, they can be difficult to read. It is best to use dark text on a light background. You want your text to stand out.
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Use simple graphics that speak to the informa)on you are trying to convey to your audience. Your graphic could be a metaphor or something more literal. Either way it needs to be clear to your audience why it is paired with what you are saying. Take this photo for example, it could be used when you are talking about differences in something or two things that are completely different. I frequently use Flickr crea)ve commons photos in presenta)ons. That way I do not have to worry about copyright issues. Crea)ve commons allows you to use images marked as such as long as they are not for commercial use. You just need to cite your source. (i.e. give the URL to the image)
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These images are from an online instruc)on video I created on PICO. PICO is an evidence based research method. I used these images because I felt that they helped the my audience think about the topic I was discussing. It helped to draw a visual link to what I am discussing.
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Some images can be too distrac)ng. For example, I always like to say when I create a presenta)on that I like to include a cat, a dog and a penguin somewhere in my slides or prezi. Including pictures for the sake of including them can be distrac)ng. I admit I can struggle with this some)mes because penguins are just so cute and I want to have a penguin in my presenta)on. However, if it doesn’t fit don’t use it. Everyone loves Grumpy Cat. But unless you are talking about a grumpy student or patron, don’t use a picture of grumpy cat in your presenta)on. You want people to pay aYen)on to what you are saying.
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Another op)on for presen)ng is Prezi. Prezi is a Flash-‐based presenta)on tool that is housed completely online. Now if you choose to use a prezi for your presenta)on you will need to find the right visual metaphor for your prezi. Prezi offers lots of different templates that you can use to do just that. Here is an example of a prezi that I use to teach students about APA and plagiarism. I used this template, because I am giving the students the “key” to successfully using APA to avoid commitng plagiarism. When you use the correct “key” (i.e. the library’s APA guide) you can be successful.
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Ac)vity – where do you get images for your presenta)ons?
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You can use arrows to draw aYen)on to a certain part of the picture.
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Or you can mask the rest of the picture to draw aYen)on to a certain part of it.
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Text does have a place. This is not it though. Avoid using large spreadsheets or graphs/charts. The text in them is oQen too small to read even on a large screen.
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Highlight a small part of the item or reproduce it all together. This is a reproduc)on. Choose the items that demonstrated the most change. Don’t need to share all data. Share what is most informa)ve or persuasive. Pick and choose what data you share. Some)mes data is beYer presented on handouts.
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When using videos in a presenta)on, make sure you turn off auto-‐play. Otherwise the video will begin playing when you advance to the slide. Some)mes there is a delay in the video playing. This may cause you to advance again past the slide to the next one. It’s beYer if you have control over the start )me of the video. Also, if your video requires an Internet connec)on to play you want to confirm that you will have a fast Internet connec)on. And remember that YouTube videos always require an Internet connec)on to play.
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Speaking of Internet issues…If your presenta)on is housed online, make sure you have downloaded a copy to have with you on a flash drive. If you are using Prezi or if you like to keep your presenta)on saved in Google Drive or Dropbox, make sure you have a back-‐up on a flash drive. Internet has been known to go down at conferences or it can be weak or sporadically available. Always prepare for the worst! At my very first conference presenta)on the Internet was not working in the room I was presen)ng in. Thankfully, I had downloaded my prezi to a flash drive, and was s)ll able to present. If I had not done that, I would not have been able to present at all. When it comes to Internet, hope for the best, but expect the worse.
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Remind par)cipants that this PPT, with speaker notes, will be available on the PA Google site as a PDF.
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