Immigration & urbanization

Warm Ups andWarm Ups andShort Answer Short Answer ResponsesResponses

Unit 2B: ImmigrationUnit 2B: Immigrationand Urbanizationand Urbanization

SA: U.S. Immigration StatisticsSA: U.S. Immigration Statistics

► Between 1941-1950, identify which continent provided the largest Between 1941-1950, identify which continent provided the largest number of immigrants to the U.S.number of immigrants to the U.S.

► Identify where this continent ranked in each of the following Identify where this continent ranked in each of the following decades.decades.

► Between 1981-1995, identify which continent provided the largest Between 1981-1995, identify which continent provided the largest number of immigrants to the U.S., and which continent provided the number of immigrants to the U.S., and which continent provided the smallest number.smallest number.

► Explain what immigration trends (patterns) can be identified from the Explain what immigration trends (patterns) can be identified from the data presented in the table.data presented in the table.

Continent 1941-50 1951-60 1961-70 1971-80 1981-95 Europe Asia Americas Africa

621,147 37,028

354,804 7,367

1,325,727 153,249 996,944 14,092

1,123,492 427,642

1,716,374 28,954

800,368 1,588,178 1,982,735

80,779

1,526,385 4,312,974 6,326,918

325,356 TOTAL 1,020,346 2,490,012 3,296,462 4,452,462 12,491,633

Study the table below.

DBQ: U.S. Immigration PolicyDBQ: U.S. Immigration Policy

Doc.Doc. AnswerAnswer1122334455667788

This activity is based on the accompanying documents (1-8). The questions are designed to test your ability to work with historical documents and your knowledge of history. As you analyze the documents, take into account the source of each document and the viewpoint that may be presented in the document. You may want to create a table to record your responses to the individual questions (see below).

DBQ: U.S. Immigration Policy – Doc 1DBQ: U.S. Immigration Policy – Doc 1

► Explain why Leland Stanford believed Chinese laborers Explain why Leland Stanford believed Chinese laborers were important to the completion of the transcontinental were important to the completion of the transcontinental railroad.railroad.

As a class, they [Chinese laborers] are quiet, peaceable, patient, industrious, and economical. More prudent and economical [than white laborers], they are content with less wages. We find them organized for mutual aid and assistance. Without them, it would be impossible to complete the western portion of this great national enterprise [transcontinental railroad] within the time required by the Act of Congress.

- Leland Stanford, President of the Central Pacific Railroad, 1865


► Explain what the cartoon demonstrates about Explain what the cartoon demonstrates about United States immigration policy in 1880.United States immigration policy in 1880.

Source: The Granger C

ollection (adapted)


► According to this passage, identify why the agents According to this passage, identify why the agents encouraged Italians to emigrate to America.encouraged Italians to emigrate to America.

► Describe how the agents encouraged Italians to go to Describe how the agents encouraged Italians to go to America.America.

. . . one of those agents from the big bosses in America came to Bugiarno to get men for some iron mines in Missouri. The company paid for the tickets, but the men had to work for about a year to pay them back, and they had to work another year before they could send for their wives and families. So this time, when that agent came, Santino and some of his friends joined the gang and went off to America.

-Rosa Cristoforo, an Italian immigrant, 1884


► According to this passage, describe how the Chinese Exclusion Act According to this passage, describe how the Chinese Exclusion Act affected the immigration of Chinese people to the United States.affected the immigration of Chinese people to the United States.

► According to this passage, describe the reason the United States According to this passage, describe the reason the United States government gave for passing this law.government gave for passing this law.

May 6,1882. CHAP. 126.‑An act to execute certain treaty stipulations relating to Chinese. WHEREAS, IN THE OPINION OF THE Government of the United States the coming of Chinese laborers to this country endangers the good order of certain localities within the territory thereof: Therefore, Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, That from and after the expiration of ninety days next after the passage of this act, and until the expiration of ten years next after the passage of this act, the coming of Chinese laborers to the United States be, and the same is hereby, suspended; and during such suspension it shall not be lawful for any Chinese laborer to come, or, having so come after the expiration of said ninety days, to remain within the United States.

-The Chinese Exclusion Act


► According to this chart, describe the effect quota According to this chart, describe the effect quota laws had on immigration to the United States.laws had on immigration to the United States.

Immigration

Before & After Quota Laws

From

Northern and Western Europe

From Southern

& Eastern Europe and Asia

Average annual number of immigrants before quotas (1907-1914)

176,983

685,531

Emergency Quota Act of 1921

198,082

158,367

Emergency Quota Act

Amended 1924

140,999

21,847 National Origins Act of 1929

132,323

20,251


► State two reasons the speaker in this passage State two reasons the speaker in this passage believed he was brought to trial.believed he was brought to trial.

We were tried during a time that has now passed into history. I mean by that, a time when there was . . . resentment and hate against the people of our principles, against the foreigner, against slackers, and it seems to me – rather, I am positive, that both you and Mr. Katzmann [have] done all . . . [that was] in your power in order to work out, in order to agitate, still more the passion of the juror, the prejudice of the juror, against us. . . .But my conviction is that I have suffered for things that I am guilty of. I am suffering because I am a radical and indeed I am a radical; I have suffered because I was an Italian and indeed I am an Italian; I have suffered more for my family and for my love beloved wife more than for myself.

-Bartolomeo Vanzetti, to Judge Thayer upon beingsentenced to death,Sacco‑Vanzetti case, April 9, 1927


► According to this passage, explain what the basis was for admitting According to this passage, explain what the basis was for admitting immigrants to the United States in the forty years before 1965.immigrants to the United States in the forty years before 1965.

This bill says simply that from this day forth those wishing to immigrate to America shall be admitted on the basis of their skills and their close relationship to those already here. This is a simple test, and it is a fair test. Those who can contribute most to this country to its growth, to its strength, to its spirit‑will be the first that are admitted to this land. The fairness of this standard is so self‑evident that we may well wonder that it has not always been applied. Yet the fact is that for over four decades the immigration policy of the United States has been twisted and has been distorted by the harsh injustice of the national origins quota system. Under that system the ability of new immigrants to come to America depended upon the country of their birth. . . . Families were kept apart because a husband or a wife or a child had been born in the wrong place. Men of needed skill and talent were denied entrance because they came from southern or eastern Europe or from one of the developing continents. . . .

-President Lyndon B. Johnson, remarks at the signing ofthe Immigration Act of 1965


► Explain the governmental policy toward immigration illustrated by Explain the governmental policy toward immigration illustrated by each of the drawings.each of the drawings.

► Discuss a reason for the change in policy shown by the drawings.Discuss a reason for the change in policy shown by the drawings.

DBQ/Closure: U.S. Immigration DBQ/Closure: U.S. Immigration PolicyPolicy

►Discuss immigration policies or actions Discuss immigration policies or actions taken by the U.S. government that affected taken by the U.S. government that affected the immigration of people to the U.S.the immigration of people to the U.S.

►Show how these policies or actions Show how these policies or actions reflected the needs and attitudes of reflected the needs and attitudes of American society at that time.American society at that time.

►Be certain to use information from the Be certain to use information from the documents and your knowledge of United documents and your knowledge of United States history in your response.States history in your response.

United States immigration policy has changed over t ime to reflect the needs and atti tudes of American society.

SA: “The Batt le with the Slum”SA: “The Batt le with the Slum”

► Identify who you think (group or person) is responsible Identify who you think (group or person) is responsible for the above statement.for the above statement.

► Explain the meaning of the statement in relation to Explain the meaning of the statement in relation to urbanization during the Gilded Age.urbanization during the Gilded Age.

► Be certain to include relevant historical details and Be certain to include relevant historical details and examples in your response.examples in your response.

““Government by the people must ever rest upon the people’s Government by the people must ever rest upon the people’s ability to govern themselves, upon their intelligence and ability to govern themselves, upon their intelligence and public spirit. The slum stands for ignorance, want, unfitness, public spirit. The slum stands for ignorance, want, unfitness, for mob-rule. . . . Put it this way: you cannot let men live like for mob-rule. . . . Put it this way: you cannot let men live like pigs when you need their votes as freemen.”pigs when you need their votes as freemen.”

Read the statement below.

SA: New 20th Century EntertainmentSA: New 20th Century Entertainment

► Identify the new forms of entertainment and Identify the new forms of entertainment and recreation Americans were enjoying at the turn of the recreation Americans were enjoying at the turn of the 20th century.20th century.

► Describe the role of compulsory education in creating Describe the role of compulsory education in creating a larger market for newspapers and magazines.a larger market for newspapers and magazines.

► Explain how the growth of cities led to the new kinds Explain how the growth of cities led to the new kinds of performances and recreation you identified above.of performances and recreation you identified above.

► Be certain to include relevant historical details and Be certain to include relevant historical details and examples to support your response.examples to support your response.

Many factors at the turn of the 20th century “[fueled] a whole new commercial recreation industry designed to supply inexpensive entertainment for all Americans.”

Education

Immigration & urbanization