Warm-Up B2

Answer the 2 questions in the first concept column – The Catholic Church.

CrusadesThe Causes

• 1095 Pope Urban II asks Europe’s lords to launch a crusade, or holy war, against the Muslim Turks

• Why? 2 Reasons:

1. Christian pilgrims to the holy land were being attacked. Putting holy land in Christian control would help defend Christians.

2. Prevent Muslim Turks from conquering the Byzantine Empire

Who called for the Crusades?

Why did Christians start the Crusades?

CrusadesThe Fight

• The Crusades lasted over a period of nearly 200 years, and took place in many locations.

• The First Crusade was a huge success for the Christians.

• They setup 4 Christian kingdoms from captured lands and Jerusalem was the biggest prize of them all.

How long did the Crusades last?

What was the result of the First Crusade?

CrusadesThe Fight

• After the first Crusade the Muslim communities surrounding the 4 Christian kingdoms wanted revenge.

• Several more crusades took place, and overtime the Muslims would recapture all the Christian kingdoms, including Jerusalem.

• The Third Crusade saw King Richard fail at recapturing Jerusalem for the Christians, but he did strike a deal with Saladin (leader of the Muslims) who agreed to allow Christians to travel to the Holy Land safely.

What was the Muslim response to the Crusades?

What did King Richard accomplish during the Third Crusade?

CrusadesThe Effects

• The Effects of the Crusades:1. Failed to accomplish goals long-

term2. Weakened feudalism3. Decreased the influence of the

Catholic Church; weakened the power of the Pope.

4. Increased trade

What were the four main effects of the Crusades?

CrusadesFirst Effect

• The Crusades mostly failed to accomplish its goals.

• The Crusades and Reconquista in Spain (the recapturing of Spain for Christian control) were successful in stopping the spread of Islam into Europe, at least for a while.

The Crusades largely failed. How could one say the Crusades partly succeeded?

CrusadesSecond Effect

• Nobles spent much of their money on the crusades, and many lords never returned from the wars.

• This allowed kings to gain more power, which would weaken feudalism and lead to more centralization.

How did the Crusades lead to the weakening of feudalism?

CrusadesThird Effect

• The Crusades were called for by the Pope. He claimed the Crusades were holy and any who fought would go straight to heaven.

• If this were true then why did it fail? The failure of the Crusades led some to question the political authority and power of the Church.

What kind of claims did the Pope make about the Crusades?

Why did people begin to question the power of the Catholic Church?

CrusadesFouth Effect • The Christians discovered new

ideas, technologies and luxury in the Holy Land.

• Many wanted to bring these things home with them, and a new desire for trade grew in Europe.

• This increased trade led to the growth of cities in Italy which developed a trade-based economy (instead of a manor).

What did Christians discover as a result of the Crusades?

What was the effect of increased trade outside of Europe?

1. Who called for the Crusades?2. Why did Christians start the Crusades?3. How long did the Crusades last?4. What was the result of the First Crusade?5. What was the Muslim response to the Crusades?6. The Crusades largely failed. How could one say the Crusades partly

succeeded?7. How did the Crusades lead to the weakening of feudalism?8. What kind of claims did the Pope make about the Crusades?9. Why did people begin to question the power of the Catholic Church?10. What was the effect of increased trade outside of Europe?

Write about your Crusade!1. Select a partner2. Make a choice! Knight or Serf3. You will be writing a letter to each other about

your journey and the result of your Crusade.4. Include details from your notes and your

textbook (pages 528-531)5. At the end of your letter you must say;

Knight: you have captured Jerusalem!Serf: you are mortally wounded and the Muslims have killed all the peasants.