Mark has 3 2/5 meters of rope. He cut it into shorter ropes of 3/5 meter each.

How many shorter ropes was he able

to make? Was there any rope left over?

Show your work!

Morning Mission

Thursday, November 6, 2014

Ms. Catherine’s Class

Once you have completed today’s lesson, you will be able to do the following:Define the 8 Parts of SpeechRecognize how the Parts of Speech function in

sentencesCompose sentences showing words playing

more than one grammatical role.

Today’s Objectives

“The customer and I critically evaluated information on the company Web site.”

1. customer a) noun b) pronounc) verb d) adjective

2. and a) preposition b) conjunctionc) adjective d) adverb

3. critically a) adjective b) conjunctionc) preposition d) adverb

4. Evaluated a) adverb b) noun c) verb d) adjective

Pretest

“The customer and I critically evaluated information on the

company Web site.”5. on a) preposition b) conjunction

c) adverb d) adjective

Pretest (cont’d)

Learning the 8 Parts of Speech helps you to develop the working vocabulary necessary to discuss and study a language.

You especially need to recognize the parts of speech in the context of sentences.

That is because many words function in more than one role.

Only by analyzing the sentence at hand can you see how a given word functions.

It may be unlikely that your boss will ever ask you to identify the parts of speech in a document.

Parts of Speech

But being able to do so will help you to punctuate correctly and choose precise words for clear, powerful writing and speech.

In addition, understanding the roles different parts of speech play in written and oral communication will be helpful when you learn another language.

Parts of Speech

In elementary school, you probably learned that a noun is a person, place or thing.

In addition, nouns also name qualities, feelings, concepts, activities and measures.

Nouns

Nouns are important words in our lanuage. Sentences revolve around nouns because these

words function both as subjects and as objects of verbs.

To determine whether a word is really a noun, try using it with the word is or are.

Notice that all the nouns listed here would make sense if used in this way.

Nouns

Pronouns are words used in place of nouns.As noun substitutes, pronouns provide variety

and efficiency.Compare these two versions of the same

sentence:Without pronouns: Scott gave the book to Kelly so that Kelly

could use the book to study.With pronouns:

Scott gave the book to Kelly so that she could us it to study.

Pronouns

In sentences, Pronouns may function as subjects of verbs (ex. I, we, they, he, she, it) or as objects of the verbs (ex. me, us, them).

They may act as connectors (ex. that, which, who) or and they may show possession (ex. mine, ours, hers, theirs).

Please note that words such as his, my, hers, its are classified as adjectives when they describe nouns (ex. his car, my desk, its engine).

Pronouns

Verbs express an action, an occurrence or a state of being.

Jason built an excellent web site. (action)Actions verbs show the action of a sentence.

It has many links. (occurrence)He is very proud of it. (state of being)

Verbs that express a state of being generally link to the subject words that describe or rename it.

The linking verbs that express the senses: feels, appears, tastes, sounds, seems, looks.

Verbs

At this point, it is important that you be able recognize verbs so that you can determine whether sentences are complete.

All sentences must, must, must have at least one verb…sometimes there is more than one verb and sometimes they appear singly or in phrases.

Verbs

Words that descrive nouns or pronouns are called adjectives.

They often answer the questions: What kind? How many? and Which one?

Small, independent businesses are becoming numerous.

What kinds of businesses?We have six franchises in four states.

How many franchises? How many states?That chain of clubs started as a small

operation.Which chain? What kind of operation?

Adjectives

He is energetic and forceful while she is personable and deliberate.

What pronouns do these adjectives describe?Adjectives usually precede nouns.Three words (a, an, and the) form a

special group of adjectives called articles.

Adjectives

Words that modify (describe or limit) verbs, adjectives or other adverbs are called adverbs.

Adverbs usually answer the questions When? How? Where and To what extent?

Today we must complete the project.Must complete the project when?

Mitch approached the intersection cautiously.

Approached how?He seems especially competent.

How competent?

Adverbs

Did you see the television there?Where?

The prosecutor did not question him further.Questioned him to what extent?

Many, but not all, words ending in ly are adverbs.

Adverbs

Prepositions join nouns and pronouns to other words in a sentence.

As the word suggests (pre- meaning before), a preposition is a word in a position before its object (a noun or pronoun).

Prepositions are used in phrases to show a relationship between the object of the preposition and another word in the sentence.

Prepositions

In the following sentence, notice how the preposition changes the relation of the object to the verb:

Brian often talked with Paul.Brian often talked about Paul.Brian often talked to Paul.Learn to recognize objects of prepositions so

that you don’t confuse them with sentence subjects.

Prepositions

Words that connect other words or groups of words are conjunctions.

The most common are and, but, or and nor…they are called coordinating conjunctions because they join equal (or coordinate) parts of sentences.Yuki, Dan and Kristi are all looking for jobs.

Joins equal words.You may be interviewed by a human resources

officer or by a supervising manager.Joins equal groups of words.

Conjunctions

Words expressing strong feelings are interjections.

Standing alone, they are followed by exclamation points.

When woven into a sentence, they are usually followed by commas.

Wow! Did you see what she wrote in her email message?

Oops! I forgot to send the attachment.

Interjections

You need to know the functions of these 8 parts of speech in order to understand and profit from your study of this language.

At this stage, you should not be able to identify the functions of all words in all sentences.

Whatever stage you find yourself at this moment…please be patient with your progress! Don’t give up!

Summary