Old English TimelineOld English Timeline2500 BC Indo Europeans 2500 BC Indo Europeans 500 BC- Celts500 BC- Celts43 AD- Romans in43 AD- Romans in410 - Romans out410 - Romans out449- Germanic tribes (Jutes, 449- Germanic tribes (Jutes, Angles, Saxons, Frisians)Angles, Saxons, Frisians)787- Viking raids787- Viking raids1100- Norman (French) 1100- Norman (French) invasioninvasion

Indo-European RootsIndo-European Roots

Kurgan TheoryKurgan Theory

Origins 7000 Origins 7000 BCBC

Migration 4000 Migration 4000 to 1000 BCto 1000 BC

Arriving to Arriving to British Isles British Isles 2500 BC2500 BC

Celtic Peoples ArriveCeltic Peoples Arrive

Formed in Central Formed in Central Europe 1200 BCEurope 1200 BC

Hallstatt territoryHallstatt territory

Arrive in Britain Arrive in Britain 500 BC500 BC

Develop into 27 Develop into 27 different tribesdifferent tribes

Here Come the RomansHere Come the Romans

55 BC Julius 55 BC Julius Ceasar attempts Ceasar attempts and fails and fails 43 AD Emperor 43 AD Emperor Claudius Claudius successfulsuccessful30 yrs to 30 yrs to conquer entire conquer entire islandisland122 AD 122 AD Hadrian’s Wall Hadrian’s Wall builtbuilt

And there they go…And there they go…

Honorius Honorius says “Look says “Look to your own to your own defenses”defenses”

410- Roman 410- Roman influence influence officially officially overover

History of EnglishHistory of EnglishOld English (OE) 449-1100 Old English (OE) 449-1100

(Germanic tribes arrive in Britain from the European mainland, (Germanic tribes arrive in Britain from the European mainland, overtaking the native British (Celtic) population)overtaking the native British (Celtic) population)

Middle English (ME) 1100 -1500 Middle English (ME) 1100 -1500 (Norman invasion, literary language evolves, standards begin to (Norman invasion, literary language evolves, standards begin to

develop)develop)

Early Modern English (EME) 1500-1800Early Modern English (EME) 1500-1800(Renaissance stimulates further growth, first dictionaries and grammars (Renaissance stimulates further growth, first dictionaries and grammars

written)written)

Late Modern English (LME) 1800-PresentLate Modern English (LME) 1800-Present(Industrial and scientific revolutions, globalization of language)(Industrial and scientific revolutions, globalization of language)

History of EnglishHistory of English

Latin Influence on Old EnglishLatin Influence on Old English

LATININFLUENCE

Vocabulary Writing System

Old English AlphabetOld English Alphabet

24 characters24 charactersModern j spelled with yogh, v spelled with an F—q,x,z very rarely usedModern j spelled with yogh, v spelled with an F—q,x,z very rarely usedThe alternate forms of g and w (yogh and wynn/wen respectively) were The alternate forms of g and w (yogh and wynn/wen respectively) were based on the letters used at the time of writing Old English. Today they based on the letters used at the time of writing Old English. Today they can be substituted for g and w in modern writing of Old English. can be substituted for g and w in modern writing of Old English.

Viking Invasion 8th CenturyViking Invasion 8th Century

4 Dads4 Dads

Norse

Germanic Origins

Latin

Celtic

OLDENGLISH