Chapter 9

European countries rushed to establish colonies

Louis XIV

• French king

• One of the most successful absolute monarchs

• Financial and social cost of absolute monarchy was great

King Louis XIV

Charles I

• From England

• Supported the Church of Rome

• Wanted absolute power

Charles I

English Civil War

• Between Charles I and Parliament

• Charles entered the House of Commons with soldiers and tried to arrest them

• They had escaped

• Oliver Cromwell lead the Parliament forces

• Overthrew the king and

• The king was tried and executed in 1649

• Cromwell ruled until his death in 1658

Oliver Cromwell

Beheading of Charles I

• Cromwell set up a Protectorate (like a government)

– It set up a constitution called the Instruments of Government

– People soon wanted another king

Charles II

• The son of Charles I

• Asked by the people to become the king when Cromwell died

• He did not mess with Parliament but received money from the French

– In exchange he became Roman Catholic

Charles II

James II

• Brother of Charles II

• He was a strong Roman Catholic, but he was old so the people tolerated him

• He did not have any boy children yet

• When he had a son, they became worried that they would have a Roman Catholic on the throne for many years to come

James II

Glorious Revolution

• The people asked James II daughter and her husband to take the throne. They were protestant

• James II fled England rather than fight

• This transfer of power without a fight is known as the glorious revolution

William of Orange and Mary

• To gain the throne, Parliament made them sign the English Bill of Rights

– This set limits on royal power

– Provided basic rights for the English people

– Prevented future ruler from being Roman Catholic

William and Mary

• The colonists in America demanded on the same civil rights that the English were getting with the English Bill of Rights

Ch. 9 Sec. 1Discussion Question

1. How did the cabinet system of government

benefit the English people?