Socialization of elderly people- Serbian expirience

Prof. Dr Snezana Medić Faculty of Philosophy, Belgrade University

“Интеллектуальная, физическая

и социальная активизация пожилых людей”.

28.-30.03.2013. Гродно, Беларусь

EDUCATION OR SOCIALISATION OF ELDERLY

Education as social function Education as human activity/praxes Education as human or civilizational relation Education as an individual internal

developmental process = socialization Education as personal status /result of

learning process /way of thinking

ELDERLY? SENIORS? OLD PEOPLE? . THIRD AGE? FORTH AGE? Third age = 50+ , 60, 65+ ... Fourth age slowly assimilated many social attitudes that are relevant for the Third Age, leaving "empty" space

for a new re/definition of the relationship by age and by varying age groups within the older population.

Forth age

The twentieth century brought a significant increase in life expectancy and the "double aging". In addition to the overall population of old, aging occurs within the older population. Number of very old people in Europe, over 85 years old in the total population of elderly, grew to 14% (Mercken, 2004). Number of elderly over 80 ranges from about 4% of the total population grounding for the EU, with a tendency to next 15 years, this group has grown by 50%.

Demographic change in all European countries

What concern to society with regard to demographic changes ?

What concerns society, politicians and individuals, both in developed and in less developed countries is how to cover the increasing costs of health and social welfare caused demographic trends

Most people are anxiously how to cover their own needs, but large differences exist between countries (European Social Survey). In some countries there is a strong concern present in more than 50% of the elderly (Bulgaria, Poland, Ukraine), while in developed countries this percentage moves about 10%.

. The burden of transition is significantly transferred

to the older generations who have worked in the socialistic regime and ensure their rights and retirement funds, and now, social circumstances are quite differently when they receive their pensions, health and social care.

LIFE CONDITIONS AND EDUCATIONAL EXPIRIENCE -

What is a social context of elderly life in Serbia (economic, social care, and health policy for elderly)?

Education for the elderly in Serbia?

Age structure of the population in Serbia

  УкупноМушкарц

и Жене УкупноМушкарц

и ЖенеРЕПУБЛИКА СРБИЈА Становништво према старости и полу - Попис 2011   

Укупно 7186862 3499176 3687686 100.00% 100.00% 100.00%0-24 1867013 959507 907506 25.98% 27.42% 24.61%25-65 4069533 2012602 2056931 56.62% 57.52% 55.78%65 - 85 и више

1250316 527067 723249 17.40% 15.06% 19.61%

65-69 339444 154775 184669 4.72% 4.42% 5.01%70-74 354142 153847 200295 4.93% 4.40% 5.43%75-79 298612 122964 175648 4.15% 3.51% 4.76%80-84 176568 67814 108754 2.46% 1.94% 2.95%85 и више 81550 27667 53883 1.13% 0.79% 1.46%

Извор података: Републички завод за статистику

Demographic aging of the population in Serbia was not created as a result of improving the health and consequent prolongation of life, but, above all, due to significant migrations and low fertility.

Population aged 15 and over- age group and educational attainment

2012/октобар

 

Без школе

Непотпуна основна школа

Основна школа

Средња школа

Виша школа

Факултет, академија или висока школа, 

магистри и доктори наука

РЕПУБЛИКА СРБИЈА Становништво старо 15 и више година, према старости и школској спреми

Укупно 2% 11% 21% 50% 6% 10%15-19 0% 3% 71% 26% 0% 0%20-24 1% 1% 7% 84% 2% 5%25-29 1% 1% 11% 62% 6% 19%30-34 0% 1% 12% 61% 7% 18%35-39 0% 2% 15% 64% 6% 13%40-44 1% 1% 17% 65% 5% 12%45-49 1% 1% 18% 63% 6% 10%50-54 1% 4% 20% 58% 8% 11%55-59 0% 7% 26% 51% 6% 10%60-64 1% 10% 27% 46% 6% 9%65-69 2% 19% 26% 38% 7% 9%70-74 5% 33% 22% 25% 7% 8%75 и више година 14% 43% 13% 18% 5% 7%Лица радног узраста (15-64) 1% 4% 598% 58% 5% 10%

Social context of life in old age.Pensions In January 2010 funds for pension is 15% of GDP. The aim is that in 2015 pensions would be

10.5% of GDP. State as the guarantor paid about 50% of missing funds for pensions from the budget

MEASURE:

Retire people as much as possible older. Use a pension as shorter as possible and in good health

The basic eligibility requirement for retirement is changing. It is 65 yers old and 40 year (35. before) service for men and 35 (30 before) for women.

The average pension of all pensioners is araund 250 $, which is 62% average wage Iracionalni strah

Social context of life in old agePoverty The main problems of the elderly population are

poverty and lack of institutional support

The survey showed that in Serbia: Approximately 10.6% of the population are poor . The poorest are the people aged 65 and over. The poverty rate among them was 14.8%. Their poverty risk was 40% higher than the average population. The depth of poverty is also a much higher than average. 17.4% of the total population in Serbia, and almost a quarter

of the poor There is a strong correlation between the poverty of the elderly and their educational status.

The poor have no formal education, with incomplete primary education or, at most, with primary school

Social context of life in old age.Helth care The results of this study indicated that as many as 90% of the poor elderly

in Serbia suffers from a chronic disease According to the findings of many studies, investing in better opportunities of

learning the elderly reduce the costs of health and social care for the elderly Low-educated population is in the greatest risk of early become functionally

limited, and the maximum number of risk factors present that lead to addiction than others.

Longitudinal studies (Hogendijk, Broese Groenou van, van Tilburg, Deeg, 2008) demonstrate a high correlation between education and functional independence

illiteracy or low educational status of these people is compounded by poor access rights that old people have in the area of health protection.

corelation between education and healt are much more stronger in less developed country then developed country

Social context of life in old ageSocial care Scope of older citizens with social services at the level of 18% of the total

number of citizens who are registered The structure of the elderly who use social care support systems dominate: serious chronic ill and disabled, and half of them in relation to the total

contingent. the following are the senior citizens who are exposed to financial poverty, when they expressed their lack of family care and nursing, allowance for

care and assistance, assurance material and one-off financial assistance statistically insignificant number of senior citizens who are registered as

victims of domestic violence and trafficking .. Dorm accommodation in Slovenia is 5.5%, England 3.1%, while in Serbia it

is somewhere around 0.5% of the population aged over 65 years of age. The tendency is to put social security system on a commercial basis. That

the burden of financing and accountability are increasingly transferred from the state to the user and family

Social context of life in old age.

Institutions play a marginal role in the support network of the elderly. The elderly are all listed on the institutions that have the potential to provide support rely ranging between 1% and 3%.

Social context of life in old age.The Council's for elderly to discuss all the important issues of age and aging, as well as measures to

improve inter-ministry cooperation in this field; to initiate and support programs and the inclusion of older people was to

determine the usability of working and creative potential of the elderly and their participation in the development of society, economy and public life;

to deal with all matters of interest to the achievement of social security and a better quality of life in old age;

to review compliance with applicable regulations to the international conventions and initiatives to amend the regulations governing the issues of importance to social security and the quality of life in old age;

to propose measures to improve the routing of international cooperation in the field of aging;

to consider the issues and improve the scientific and technical disciplines in gerontology;

National Strategy on Ageing –Serbia 2006

Ten strategic directions:

1: Respect the phenomenon of aging in all aspects of development policy.2: Encourage the integration of older people in society

-Promotion of social, economic, political and cultural status and

the role of senior citizens-Improving the integration of older people by encouraging their activeinvolvement in the community and encouraging intergenerational

relationships-Developing and spreading the positive image of older people

3: To promote equitable and sustainable economic growth4: Adapting social protection system5: Adaptation labour market6: To encourage lifelong learning7: Ensuring the quality of life and maintain an independent lifestyle8. Promoting gender equality in access to9: Providing support to families with elderly members and promote solidarity

10: The implementation and monitoring of the national plan of action

Education of elderlyPolicy papers

Adult education low – in procedure

-education of elderly are mentioned

Educational strategy of Serbia 2012- 2020

-education of elderly are mentioned

Education of elderly Infrastructure, institutions

Formal educational system -no access Education of elderly includ in adult educational system (NFE) Education of elderly separatly organized in institution for adult education (NFE) Education of elderly provided by/in social welfer system Education of elderly provided by public, cultural institutuons and librarys Education of elderly provided by associations and clubs of pensioners Educatin of elderly provided by non-govermental sector Education of elderly provided by University for third age (public and privat) Education of elderly provided by University

University for third age

Establish in 1989 in Belgrade (founder: Faculty of Philosophy,

RTV-edu. Program, Open university) 2002 Faculty of Philosophy (supported by DVV Belgrade) develop U3A

Network- 6 universities More than 10 000 participants Most popular programs: paintings, forin languages, computer skils, yoga

and tai či čuan, dance classes, art workshops, pachwork First internet classroom for elderly in South- East Europ More than 100 art exibicion produced by seniors (in museum, Russian cultur

centar, famous galery...) Painting colony and educational travel Motivation: learning and new expirience, social contact, new frends,

impruving psyho-fisical helt, expresion thru creativity, to pass a filling of unusfulnes and nihilisam

Education of elderly Low participation rate

DO OLD PEOPLE LOVE TO LEARN?

10. NO! Too old to learn Their mind is not functional as when they were young Do not see and hear well Do not react quick as when they were young Technology is too complicated They are not interested Do not see purpose Lack of money Lack of time Illness, dependence on others

TO WHAT THEY SAID “NO”?

NO to learning – which is centered on educational content

NO to learning – which is based on memory and reproduction

NO to learning – which is created according to the different norms and averages

NO to learning – which is competitive NO to learning– in which they need to join/to be added to

others NO to learning – because they accepted stereotypes that

others have about they learning

Education of elderly Learning metods -actvate learning

Specific strategies, techniques and learning styles or styles of learning process management in which the one who learns produces the mechanisms that encourage him/her on new forms of thinking, acting, behaving or feeling:

Self –directed learning. Methods in senior’s education that foster self-directed learning, learning

through research and learning in peer groups.  Activating learning is learning through research, arts, history, dance,

theatre. Activating desire to learn, Activating learning material, activating learning

ability. AL is key word in concept of LLL. Concept/ Learning is not about accumulating knowledge, but it is about

being able to deal with information and conduct task appropriately.

Activating learning is... Simultaneous learning of

mind, body, soul, emotions, senses Learning in which you take and give to others Learning in which you feel presence of others

and they feel yours Learning in which you feel alive and live

as a human being Learning through which others comprehend you Learning which wake consciousness about

own place and role in society Learning which wake consciousness about

society’s discrimination because of the ages

Education of elderlyTraining of trainers

University of Belgrade

Faculty of philosophy- department for pedagogy and andragogy

Theory, didactic, research and training in the fild of gerontagogy

Education of elderly University

Finaly at the

University!

Danube-Networkers – A Network to foster Lifelong Learning, Seniors’ Social Participation and Intergenerational Dialogue along the Danube

The Danube connects 10 neighbouring countries:

Germany, Austria, Hungary, Serbia Slovakia, Romania, Bulgaria, Croatia, Moldova Serbia Ukraine

Danube network preojects

(2010-2011) Danube-Networkers Seniors' Universities (DASUN) – Academic day

(2011-2013) Danube-Networkers Lectures (DALEC 1) on  line  lecture from 5 university centers –

(2011-2013)  European  learning  partnership  “Danube-Stories”  и  “Mobile exhibition  Danube-Networkers  on  Tour”  –Workshops  abot  personal  and social event on Danube–

(2011-2013)- Academic week- 5 facultys Belgrade University –(Филозофски, Медицински, Филолошки, Шумарски и Фармацеутски факултет)

(2012) “Active Ageing and Intergenerational Dialogue – A Challenge for the Danube  Countries  in  a  Common  Europe”-  Danube  festival.  Conference  in Ulm

DALEC 2

AIM:

Development of Danube University network for using new media in

education and learning of elderly

Thank you for atention !