STUDIES UNDER

ECOCRITICISM

ECOCRITICISM

• Coined by William Rueckert in 1978

• Eco- not harming the environment,

ism- tool, device, idea, theory or principle.

• Interdisciplinary, multi-cultural, multi-ethnic

movement and international.

• Basically literature, cultural and criticism

• Study of the relationship between literature

and physical environment.

• An earth-centered approach to literary

studies

• Feminist study of the literary metaphor of

landscape as female.

• Aims to show the work of the writers about

environment.

• As a academic discipline began in 1990’s

• Examines human perception of wilderness

• Ecocritics analyzes environment and gives possible solution

• Finds the problems that happen due to imbalance.

• History, Philosophy, Ethics and Psychology are also considered by the ecocritics.

• Recent works have ranged beyond nature writing and romanticism.

ECOLOGY

• Scientific study of natural

interdependencies.

• Relationship between air, land, water,

animals, plants or the scientific study of

these.

• Scientific analysis and the study of

interactions among organisms and their

environment.

• Includes biology and earth sciences.

• Ecologists seek,

» Life processes and interactions

» The movement of materials and energy through

living communities

» The successional development of ecosystems

» The abundance of distribution and organism.

ECOSYSTEM

• Local set of conditions that support life.

• Made up of living and non-living things that interact. And depend on each other for life.

• Word “System” is misleading.

• Each local system together constitute the global system called the ecosphere or biosphere.

• Food chain describes one sets of relationships that make an ecosystem.