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Truman: Politician and President
Truman: Politician and President
Newark Public Schools TAH GrantThe Gilder Lehrman Institute 3.2011
Newark Public Schools TAH GrantThe Gilder Lehrman Institute 3.2011
Truman’s BackgroundTruman’s Background
Missouri
Successful before presidency?
WWI
Missouri
Successful before presidency?
WWI
WWIWWI
National Guard
Missouri Army National Guard
1905-1911
rejoined - onset of WWI
National Guard
Missouri Army National Guard
1905-1911
rejoined - onset of WWI
WWI cont’dWWI cont’d
war record - political office
met Tom Pendergast’s nephew
war record - political office
met Tom Pendergast’s nephew
Becoming a PoliticianBecoming a Politician
1922 - elected county judge
later presiding judge
1934- US Senator
1922 - elected county judge
later presiding judge
1934- US Senator
Washington PoliticianWashington Politician
1934 - US Senator
1940 - re-elected
1934 - US Senator
1940 - re-elected
Truman CommitteeTruman Committee
investigate waste in defense industry
significance to Truman’s future
investigate waste in defense industry
significance to Truman’s future
1944 Election1944 Election
selected as VP candidate
second “Missouri Compromise”
selected as VP candidate
second “Missouri Compromise”
Accidental PresidentAccidental President
12 April 1945
Atomic Bomb
Japan
More in a few minutes
12 April 1945
Atomic Bomb
Japan
More in a few minutes
Foreign AffairsForeign Affairs
Shaping Postwar World
IMF (Bretton Woods)
United Nations
Shaping Postwar World
IMF (Bretton Woods)
United Nations
German QuestionGerman Question
Nuremburg Trials 1945-1946
Partition of Germany
1949
Nuremburg Trials 1945-1946
Partition of Germany
1949
Reconstruction of JapanReconstruction of Japan
1946 constitution
economic powerhouse
within decades
1946 constitution
economic powerhouse
within decades
ContainmentContainment
1947
George Kennan
1947
George Kennan
Truman DoctrineTruman Doctrine
defined US foreign policy for 20 years
tangible evidence of containment
1947
Greece
Turkey
defined US foreign policy for 20 years
tangible evidence of containment
1947
Greece
Turkey
IsraelIsrael
1948
bastion of democracy in Middle East
1948
bastion of democracy in Middle East
Marshall PlanMarshall Plan
1947
economic chaos in Europe
exceeded prewar output
1947
economic chaos in Europe
exceeded prewar output
National Security ActNational Security Act
1947 - Department of Defense
NSC 1948
CIA 1949
1947 - Department of Defense
NSC 1948
CIA 1949
19481948
first peacetime draft
AEC - 1946
civilian control over nuclear weapons
first peacetime draft
AEC - 1946
civilian control over nuclear weapons
Berlin AirliftBerlin Airlift
1948-49
thought it might be WWIII
Soviets lifted blockade 1949
1948-49
thought it might be WWIII
Soviets lifted blockade 1949
Cold War - AchesonCold War - Acheson
NATO
Warsaw Pact
collective security
SU atomic bomb 1949
NATO
Warsaw Pact
collective security
SU atomic bomb 1949
Cold War cont’dCold War cont’d
China became Communist 1949
1952 - US exploded H-Bomb
1953- SU
potential to end civilization
China became Communist 1949
1952 - US exploded H-Bomb
1953- SU
potential to end civilization
Korean WarKorean War
1950-1953
MacArthur
Truman as politician
reaffirmed civilian control of military
1950-1953
MacArthur
Truman as politician
reaffirmed civilian control of military
Korean War cont’dKorean War cont’d
containment
point of contention between HST and Ike
1952 Election
containment
point of contention between HST and Ike
1952 Election
Truman Domestic Policies
Truman Domestic Policies
Taft-Hartley Act 1947
1946 President’s Commission on Civil Rights (1947 report)
1948 banned racial discrimination
federal government and military
Taft-Hartley Act 1947
1946 President’s Commission on Civil Rights (1947 report)
1948 banned racial discrimination
federal government and military
22nd Amendment22nd Amendment
Politics
17 years of continuous Democratic rule
Politics
17 years of continuous Democratic rule
Red ScareRed Scare
fear and paranoia
Smith Act of 1940
HUAC
Truman’s “loyalty” program
fear and paranoia
Smith Act of 1940
HUAC
Truman’s “loyalty” program
1948 Election1948 Election
Truman defeats Dewey
Truman’s Fair Deal
minimum wage
public housing
SSA of 1950
Truman defeats Dewey
Truman’s Fair Deal
minimum wage
public housing
SSA of 1950
1952 Election1952 Election
chose not to run
Ike elected
chose not to run
Ike elected
American Society in Post-WWII Era
American Society in Post-WWII Era
GI Bill of Rights
15 million returning GIs
Baby Boom
GI Bill of Rights
15 million returning GIs
Baby Boom
Economic BoomEconomic Boom
By mid-1950s, 60% of Americans owned home
compared to 1920s - 40%
By mid-1950s, 60% of Americans owned home
compared to 1920s - 40%
Economic BoomEconomic Boom
defense industry
IBM
consumerism
more disposable income
defense industry
IBM
consumerism
more disposable income
Post-War SocietyPost-War Society
Middle Class
Suburbs
cars
cult of domesticity
Middle Class
Suburbs
cars
cult of domesticity
