Verb Review - The Past Tenses

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Verbs

Past Verb Tense


All Verbs Have…

FormFunction


Past Simple

Usually One Verb


Simple Past FormRegular: Add –ed to infinitive form of

verb.Greg walked to class.

Irregular: Various rules and forms. Some patterns but mostly must memorize.

Greg ate dinner.


Simple Past Function

At a specific time in the past, the action occurred. It both began and ended in the past.

I watched American Idol on Tuesday.Joe went to Disneyland on Sunday.

Catherine cooked lemon chicken yesterday.


15 % of verbs are irregular. You MUST memorize forms.


Past- Progressive

Two Verbs (Be + ING)Be MUST Agree w

Subject


Past Progressive FormALWAYS Takes minimum TWO verbs

PAST form of be verb + Base form of Verb + ing He was + eat + ing = He was eating.

Hint: Only difference between present and past is the form of be verb!


Past Progressive FunctionAn action that occurred before the

present time and was in progress at aspecific point in time that another actionoccurred.He was driving when it began to rain.

Hint: Used when TWO actions occur in the past. Note: Second Action is simple past!


Past - Perfect

Two Verbs (Have + Past Participle)Have MUST Agree w Subject


Past Perfect TenseI had gone …He had talked…They had had a good time.


Past Perfect FormALWAYS Takes minimum TWO verbsPast form of have + past participle of

verbHe had called his mother before it started to rain.She had already driven to school when the phone rang.

Hint: Used when two actions occurring in past!


Past Perfect FunctionAn action which was completely finished before another past action was finished.

Catherine had just turned on the TV when the phone rang.

Hint: All actions take place in the past!


Possible ProblemsShould I use simple past: I went to the store or present perfect: I have gone to the store?


Simple Past vs. Present Perfect

1.Definite & specific time in past

2.Continuous or competed events in past

3.Repeated past events that are finished

4.Recently completed

1.Indefinite or Unspecified past time

2.Unfinished past events or states

3.Repeated past events that can occur again

4.Recently completed that affects present


A: ____ you ever ______ (go) to Yellowstone Park before?

B: Yes, I _____ (go) there three years ago.

Past or Present Perfect?


A: ____ you ever ______ (go) to Yellowstone Park before?

B: Yes, I _____ (go) there three years ago.


Have gone

went


Jill _______(go) to Disneyland five times before. Last year, Jill ____ (take) her parents there when they _____ (come) to visit her.



Jill _______(go) to Disneyland five times before. Last year, Jill ____ (take) her parents there when they _____ (come) to visit her.

has gone

tookcame



Jennifer is quite excited aboutgoing to the Train concert sinceshe (negative, see)them in concert before.



Jennifer is quite excited about going to the Train concert since shethem in concert before.

has never seen



A: Can you give me a ride downtown?

B: Sorry, I can’t. I _________ (have) an accident and I’m a nervous wreck.



A: Can you give me a ride downtown?

B: Sorry, I can’t. I _________ an accident and I’m a nervous wreck.

just had



Dear Mom,Sorry that I ___________ (write) you last week, but I _________ (be) sobusy lately at the hospital. Three of thedoctors ____ (be) sick and so I ___ (have) to fill in for them all last week.



Dear Mom,Sorry that I ___________ you last week, but I _________ sobusy lately at the hospital. Three

of the doctors ____ sick and so I ___ to fill in for them all last

week.

didn’t writehave been

werehad



Daniel and I finally ____ (go) tosee the Nutcracker Performance. I _______________ (negative, see)such a crowd at our local theater! Our seats ____ (be) quite good, and we could see the dancers verywell.



Daniel and I finally ____ tosee the Nutcracker Performance. I _______________ such a crowd at our local theater! Our seats ____ quite good, and we could see the dancers verywell.

went

had never seen

were



We ____ (be) all surprise, though, when the prima ballerina ______ (slip) and ____ (fall) during the first act. She _____ (break) her leg and they ____ (take) to the hospital immediately.



We ____ all surprise, though, when the prima ballerina ______ and ____ during the first act. She _____ her leg and they ____ to the hospital immediately.

wereslipped

fell

broke took



I ________ (negative, make) airplane reservations yet to go home for Christmas.



I ___________ airplane reservations yet to go home for Christmas.

haven’t made



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Verb Review - The Past Tenses