Welfare measures in manufacturing and service sector

Employee Welfare

• Employee welfare means “the efforts to make lifeworth living for workmen.” According to Todd“employee welfare means anything done for thecomfort and improvement, intellectual or social, of the employees over and above the wages paidwhich is not a necessity of the industry

Objectives of Employee Welfare• Employee welfare is in the interest of the employee, the employer and the society as a whole. The objectives of employee welfare are It helps to improve.

It improves the loyalty and morale of the employees. It reduces labor turnover and absenteeism. Welfare measures help to improve the goodwill and public image of the enterprise.

It helps to improve industrial relations and industrial peace.

It helps to improve employee productivity

Welfare measures

The Statutory Welfare Facilities provided under the • Factories Act, 1948• Plantations Labour Act, 1951• Mines Act, 1952• Motor Transport Workers Act, 1961• Contract Labour(Regulation and Abolition) Act, 1970

Washing Facilities• Royal Commission on Labour noted that the provisions

of suitable washing facilities for all employees though desirable were deficient in many factories.

• Provisions of such facilities would add to comfort, health and efficiency.

Factories Act • provide adequate and suitable washing facilities

separately for the use of male and female workers

Contract Labour (Regulation and Abolition) Act• provides that every contractor employing contract labour

in connection with the work of an establishment has to provide and maintain washing facilities

Contract Labour Central Rules 1971 and the Maharashtra Contract Labour Rules, 1971

• The contractor has to provide and maintain adequate and suitable washing facilities

Facilities for Storing and Drying Clothing

Factories Act • Government may make rules for the provision of suitable

places for keeping clothing not worn during working hours and for the drying of wet clothing.

Maharashtra Factories Rules, 1963• provisions of separate rooms, pegs, lockers, or other

arrangements approved by the Chief Inspector.

Facilities for sitting• Every factory has to provide necessary sitting

arrangements, particularly for workers who are obliged to work in a standing position.

• The chief Inspector of Factories may direct the occupier of any factory to provide suitable seating arrangements as far as practicable

First Aid Appliances• Royal Commission on Labour recommended that, in the

case of all factories where mechanical power is used, a first-aid-box of prescribed standard.

The Mines Act, Factories Act, Motor Transport Workers Act

• provide first-aid boxes equipped with the prescribed contents

Contract Labour (Regulation and Abolition) Act• First-aid box equipped with the prescribed contents at

every place where contract labour is employed

Shelters , Rest Rooms and Lunch Rooms

• Every factory employing more than 75 workers - suitable shelters or rest rooms and a lunch room, with provision for drinking water.

Motor Transport Workers Act• The employer is required to provide rest rooms or any

other suitable alternative accommodation.Contract Labour (Regulation and Abolition)Act• The part of the contractor to provide for rest rooms or

such other alternative accommodation

Mines Rules• every mine where more than 50 persons are ordinarily

employed, adequate and suitable shelters at or near loading wharves, open vast workings, workshops, and space are to be provided for taking food and rest.

Canteen

Factories Act75 workers - provision of canteen by the occupier• Royal Commission on Labour • Labour Investigation Committee • ILO emphasis on the provision of canteen at the work place

Creche• Royal Commission on Labour • Factories Act 30 women workers - setting up of creches in every

factory

Occupational Health Services• The main functions of these health services is to protect

workers against the health hazards arising out of the nature of their work or the work environment.

periodical medical checks

Welfare Officer• The Factories Act, 1948 provides for the statutory

appointment of a welfare officer in a factory.

The factories Act, 1948a) Washing facilities (S.42)b) Facilities for storing and dry clothing (S.43)c) Sitting facilities for occasional rest for workers who are

obliged to work standing (S.44)d) First-aid boxes or cupboards-one for every 150 workers

and ambulance facilities if there are more than 500 workers (S. 45)

e) Canteens, if employing more than 250 workers (S.46)f) Shelters, rest rooms and lunch rooms, if employing over

150 workers (S.47)g) Creche, if employing more than 30 women ( S. 48)h) Welfare Officer, if employing 100 or more workers

(S.49)

The Mines Act, 1952 and the Mines Rules.

a) Maintenance of crèches, where 50 women workers are employedb) Provision of shelters for taking food and rest if 150 or more person

are employed.c) Provisions of shelters for taking food and rest, if 150 or more

persons are employed.d) Provision of a canteen, in mines employing 250 or more workerse) Maintenance of first-aid-boxes and first aid rooms in mines

employing more than 150 workers.f) Appointment of Welfare Officer in mines employing more than 500

or more persons to look after the matters relating to the welfare of the workers.

The Mines Act, 1952 and the Mines Rules

a) Maintenance of crèches, where 50 women workers are employedb) Provision of shelters for taking food and rest if 150 or more person areemployed.c) Provisions of shelters for taking food and rest, if 150 or more persons areemployed.d) Provision of a canteen, in mines employing 250 or more workerse) Maintenance of first-aid-boxes and first aid rooms in mines employingmore than 150 workers.f) Appointment of Welfare Officer in mines employing more than 500 ormore persons to look after the matters relating to the welfare of theworkers.

Plantations Labour Act, 1951a) Canteens in plantations employing 150 or more workers (S.11)b) Creches in plantations employing 50 or more women workers (S.12)c) Recreational facilities for the workers and their children (S.13)d) Educational facilities in the estate for the children of workers, where

there are 25 workers children between the age of 6 and 12 (S.14)e) Housing facilities for every worker and his family residing in theplantation. The standard and specification of the accommodation,procedure for allotment and rent chargeable from workers, are to beprescribed in the Rules by the sate governments (S.15 and 16)

f) The state government may make rules requiring every plantation employer to provide the workers with such number and type of umbrellas, blanket, raincoats or other like amenities for the protection of workers from rain or

cold as may be prescribed ( S.17)g) Appointment of a Welfare Officer in plantations

employing 300 or more workers (S.18)

The Motor Transport Workers Act, 1961a) Canteens of prescribed standard, if employing 100 or more workers (S.8)b) Clean, ventilated, well-lighted and comfortable rest rooms at every placewherein motor transport workers are required to halt at night ( S.9)c) Uniforms, raincoats to drivers, conductors and line checking staff forprotection against rain and cold. A prescribed amount of washingallowance is to be given to the above-mentioned categories of staff ( S.10)d) Medical facilities are to be provided to the motor transport workers at theoperating centres and at halting stations as may be prescribed by the stategovernments ( S.11)e) First-aid facilities equipped with the prescribed contents are to be providedin every transport vehicle (S.12)

The Contract labour (Regulation and Abolition) Act, 1970

a) A canteen in every establishment employing 100 or more workers ( S. 16)

b) Rest rooms or other suitable alternative accommodation where the contract labour is required to halt at night in connection with the work of an establishment ( S.17)

c) Provision for sufficient supply of wholesome drinking water, sufficient number of latrines and urinals of prescribed types and washing facilities ( S.18)

d) Provision for first-aid-box equipped with the prescribed contents (S.19)

The Merchant Shipping Act, 1958a) Crew accommodation.b) Supply of sufficient drinking water.c) Supply of necessities like beddings, towels, mess

utensils.d) Supply of medicines, medical stores, and provisions of

surgical and medical advice.e) Maintenance of proper weights and measures on board,

and grant of relief to distressed seamen aboard a ship.f) Every foreign-going ship carrying more than the

prescribed number of persons, including the crew is required to have on board a qualified medical officer.

g) Appointment of Seamen’s Welfare Officer at such ports in or outside India as the government may consider necessary.

h) Establishment of hostels, clubs, canteens, and libraries.

i) Provision of medical treatment and hospitals. andj) Provision of educational facilities

Other welfare measures

a) Housingb) Schoolsc) Educational facilitiesd) Grant of scholarshipse) Librariesf) Sports and recreationg) Fair price shopsh) Co-operative Societies

Voluntary Welfare Measures

• Educational Facilities• Medical Facilities• Transport Facilities• Recreational Facilities• Housing Facilities• Counselling Services

Educational Facilities

• Improvement in the quality of the industrial work force demands accelerated pace of economic development for which education of workers, their families and their children is very essential

Medical Facilities

• private or in public sectors - medical facilities for their workers and their families.

• first-aid-centres• ambulance rooms• regular hospitals either in the factory premises or inside the

township

Transport Facilities

• The provision of transport facilities to industrial workers forms and integral part of the general transport facility and is, by and large, the responsibility of the public authorities like the local bodies, transport corporations, and state Governments

Recreational Facilities

• It has an important bearing on the individual’s personality as well as his capacity to contribute to social development. It affords the worker an opportunity to develop his sense of physical and mental discipline

Housing Facilities

• Some of the industrial employers both in public and private sectors have provided housing facilities to their employees.

• The employees who are not provided corporations quarters are paid house rent allowance at some of the places

Counselling Services

• workers are able to receive advice and counsel on some of the personnel and sometimes also on personal problems, inside and outside their place of work.

• trained social worker - large industry • welfare officers or labour officers - small

concerns

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