CEN-391 TECHNICAL COMMUNICATIONS
CEN-391 TECHNICAL COMMUNICATIONSIndian Institute of TECNOLOGY,
ROORKEE
Autumn Semester:- 2016-17 BY:- ADARSH (14113004)Civil
Engineering(3rd yr)
The Akashi Kaiky BridgeTHE LONGEST SUSPENSION BRIDGE IN THE
WORLd
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INTRODUCTIONSituated in Japan, designed by Satoshi Kashima.Built
over the Akashi Strait, links the city of Kobe on Japanese mainland
to Iwaya on Awaji island.Construction period:-
1988-1998.Construction company:- Matsuo Bridge Co.Original plan:-
contained railway lines, about to be cancelled by the
government.1985 Decision taken to built only road bridge;
construction started in 1988.3
FEATURES3 records:- Longest suspension bridge(1991 m central
span), highest towers in a suspension bridge(297 m), most expensive
bridge ever built(500 billion yen).2 million workers involved in
the construction.Carries 6 lanes of roadway.Annual revenue of 19
billion yen from toll.4
STRUCTURAL FeaturesMaterialsThe Suspension BridgeStronger
CablesBuilding underwaterTaller towersWind resistantEarthquake
resistant5
MaterialsFirst steel bridge:- IRONBRIDGE (30 m).Need for lighter
componentsMajor component used is steel.Use of pre-fabricated steel
shapes:- both in towers and the deck.Contains 250,000 tonnes of
steel.Advanced technology to take care of rusting.6
THE SUSPENSION BRIDGEFirst suspension bridge:- Menai Strait
Bridge(177 m).Concept used :- Anchorage of cables.Construction of
foundation.2 Big holes dug into the ground.Each filled with around
230,000 cu. m. of concrete.Metal frames added for anchorage.Casting
of concrete on these metal frames.
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Stronger cABLESWeight of each main cable:- 25,000 tonnes.36,830
wires in one cable.Diameter :- 112 cm.Strand length:- 4070
m(approx.)Enough wires to circle the earth 7 times.
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BUILDING UNDERWATERUse of caisson, made of steel. Dimensions of
caisson:- dia-80 m, height-70 m.First sink it into the water upto
the bed.Second fill it with concrete.Can be done manually or
mechanically.Use of super-concrete in the foundation.Speciality :-
hardening under seawater.
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TALLER TOWERSHeight of tower:- 297 mCruciform cross-section :-
increased stability.Comprised of 30 steel sections.Connections done
byAdvanced robot welding1.5 million bolts.13
Triangular stiffening steel girders.Lighter in weight as
compared to steel boxes.Complete passage of wind.Testing in one of
the largest wind tunnels.Length of prototype :- 40 m.Tested against
a wind speed of 300 km/hr.
Suggested to deflect the wind and also stiffen against it.Mesh
provided in the centre of roadway and a huge beam below the
roadway15
Wind resistant
Earthquake resistantTesting of dampers by man made quake.1995
earthquake.Increased the length by a metre.Capable of resisting 8.5
magnitude earthquake.Use of 20 Tuned Mass Dampers(TMD).Reduces the
deflection in the towers.
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Some Classic examples19
Verrazano Narrows Bridge
Golden Gate Bridge
Brooklyn Bridge
THANK YOU20
