Virtual reality presentation

Virtual Reality

Virtual Reality

INTRODUCTION• What is Virtual Reality ?

-Virtual reality is, plainly speaking, seeing an imaginary world, rather than the real one. Seeing, hearing, smelling, testing, feeling. The imaginary world is a simulation running in a computer.

The sense data is fed by some system. to our brain. -A medium composed of interactive computer simulations giving users the feeling of being present in the simulations.

WHY VIRTUAL REALITY NEEDED

VR is able to immerse you in a computer-generated world of your own making: a room, a city, the interior of human body.

With VR, you can explore any larger than life of the human imagination.

- OPERATIONS IN DANGEROUS ENVIRONMENTS

There are still many examples of people working in dangerous or hardship environments that could benefit from the

use of VR-mediated teleportation .

Workers in radioactive, space, or toxic environments could be relocated to the safety of a VR environment where they could 'handle' any hazardous materials without any real danger using tele-

presence.

TELE_PRESENCE

Tele_presence is variation to visualize complete computer generated world.

This is a technology which links the remote sensors with the senses of human operator in real world.

Fire fighters uses remote controlled vehicles to operate some dangerous conditions. This vehicles are equipped with Tele_presence systems.

TELE_PRESENCE

SCIENTIFIC VISUALIZATION

Scientific Visualization provides the researcher with immediate graphical feedback during the course of the computations and gives him/her the ability to 'steer' the solution process.

Application at NASA Ames Research Center is the Virtual Planetary Exploration. It helps planetary geologists to remotely analyze the surface of a planet. They use VR techniques to roam planetary terrains.

MEDICINE

Until now experimental research and education in medicine was mainly based on dissection and study of plastic models .

Computerized 3D human models provide a new approach to research and education in medicine.

Experimenting medical research with virtual patients will be a reality. We will be able to create not only realistic looking virtual patients,

but also histological and bone structures. With the simulation of the entire physiology of the human body.

MEDICINE

EDUCATION AND TRAINING

The most common example is the flight simulator. This type of simulator has shown the benefits of simulation environments for training.

They have lower operating costs and are safer to use than real aircraft. They also allow the simulation of dangerous scenarios not allowable with real aircraft.

EDUCATION AND TRAINING

HISTORY

.In 1950s, flight simulators were built by US Air Force to train student pilots.

.In 1965, a research program for computer graphics called “The Ultimate Display” was laid out.

.In 1988, commercial development of VR began.

.In 1991, first commercial entertainment VR system "Virtuality" was released.

VIRTUAL ENVIRONMENT:

-A computer generated world with which user can interact is called Virtual Environment. - This interaction can vary from looking around to interactively modifying the world

3D TECHNOLOGY

:Stereoscopic vision

site-eyed receives seeing a little bit different for the same visuals.

the brain the information received from each eye and combines them together and show us a single image.

3D TECHNOLOGY

3D is the abbreviation for the word "3dimensional. "

Previously only seen the x and y dimensions with the 3D has

become possible to watch the third dimension, namely z .

TYPES OF VIRTUAL REALITY :

Indulging VR :interaction of the participant with the virtual environment and is achieved by wearing co- head helmet equipped with lens duo placed on the eyes and feel here the participant that exists inside the virtual environment.

Semi indulging VR :provides a sense of Immersive moderately. Non indulging VR :is one of the most common and widely used . using keyboard and mouse and stick.

Technologies of VR—

Hardware

IMAGE GENERATORSSTEREO VISIONHEAD MOUNTED DISPLAYSCAVE AUTOMATIC VIRTUAL

IMAGE GENERATORS

• One of the most time consuming task in Virtual Reality is generation of images.

• Fast computer graphics opens a large range of applications aside from virtual reality .

• So there is a market demand for graphic acceleration for long while. There are number of vendors selling image generator cards for PC level machines which ranges from $2000 to $10000

IMAGE GENERATORS

MANIPULATION & CONTROL DEVICES

• One key element for interaction to the virtual world that is tracking the position of real world objects such as head or hand.

• The conventional control devices are mouse, trackball, or joystick Some common used VR control device is Instrumented Glove.

• The use of Glove is to manipulate objects in the computer by using inbuilt sensors which fitted on fingers for tracking.

MANIPULATION & CONTROL DEVICES

STEREO VISION

• Stereo vision is also included in virtual reality system. This is accomplished by creating two different images of the world one for each eye.

• The images can projected through differently polarized filters this filters are placed in front of our eyes. When this images are shown on this vision in rapid speed then brain fuses this two images in a single image & can get 3d experience.

STEREO VISION

HEAD-MOUNTED DISPLAY (HMD)

-A Helmet or a face mask providing the visual and auditory displays.

-Use LCD or CRT to display stereo images.May include built-in head-tracker and stereo headphones.

HEAD-MOUNTED DISPLAY (HMD)

CAVE AUTOMATIC VIRTUAL ENVIRONMENT (CAVE)

Provides the illusion of immersion by projecting stereo images on the walls and floor of a room-sized cube.

A head tracking system continuously adjust the stereo projection to the current position of the leading viewer

CAVE AUTOMATIC VIRTUAL ENVIRONMENT (CAVE)

BOOM (BINOCULAR OMNI-ORIENTATION MONITOR)

The BOOM (Binocular Omni-Orientation Monitor) from Fake space is a head-coupled stereoscopic display device.

Screens and optical system are housed in a box that is attached to a multi-link arm. The user looks into the box through two holes, sees the virtual world, and can guide the box to any position within the operational volume of the device.

BOOM (BINOCULAR OMNI-ORIENTATION MONITOR)

DATA GLOVE

Outfitted with sensors on the fingers as well as an overall position/orientation tracking equipment.

Enables natural interaction with virtual objects by hand gesture recognition.

DATA GLOVE

VIRTUAL REALITY SYSTEM SOFTWARE AND TOOLS

Virtual reality system software is a collection of tools and software for designing, developing and maintaining virtual environments and the database where the information is stored.

There are two major categories for the available VR software: toolkits and authoring systems.


Toolkits

are programming libraries, generally for C or C++ that provide a set of functions with which a skilled programmer can create VR applications. e.g.

1-WorldToolkit The structure of World_ToolKit is in an object-oriented manner.

2 -The MRToolkit is a programming library for UNIX systems that is available at no cost.

3-IRIS Performer from Silicon Graphics Inc.

.

EXAMPLES FOR TOOLKIT

4-Java3D.

5 -OpenGL Optimizer

6 -CAVE Library is a set of function calls for writing VR applications in C or C.++

-The CAVE Library is only available for SGI (Silicon Graphics International Corp) computers.

.


Authoring systems are complete programs with graphical interfaces for creating worlds without resorting to detailed programming.

VRML Definition:The Virtual Reality Modeling Language is a file format for

describing interactive 3D objects and worlds. VRML is designed to be used on the Internet, intranets, and local

client systems .

VRML is also intended to be a universal interchange format for integrated 3D graphics and

multimedia.

CHARACTERISTICS OF VRML

•VRML is capable of representing static and animated dynamic 3D and multimedia objects with hyperlinks to other media such as text, sounds, movies, and images.

•VRML browsers, as well as authoring tools for the creation of VRML files, are widely available for many different platforms.

•Other formats: OpenGL, Inventor (not designed for WWW use)

CHARACTERISTICS OF VRML -Pronunciation Vermal not V-R-M-L.

- VRML 1

. 1995 . Static display ( non-interactive ).

- VRML 2 ……… VRML 97:

. Ability for adding audio. . Interactive object .

. Behaviors for objects. . Adding various scripts

CHARACTERISTICS OF VRMLVirtual Reality Modeling LanguageSstandard language for interactive simulation within the World Wide Web.

allows to create "virtual worlds" networked via the Internet and hyperlinked with the World Wide Web.

VR models can be viewed by Netscape or IE with a browser plug-in called VRML browsers

.

ARCHITECTURE OF VR SYSTEM

Input Processor.

Simulation Processor.

Rendering Processor

World Database

ARCHITECTURE OF VR SYSTEM

41

World Database

Rendering PROCESS

OR

INPUT PROCESS

OR

Simulation

Processor

Position &

Orientation

visual, audvisual, auditory, haptic,

touch…itory,

haptic, touch…

COMPONENTS OF VR SYSTEM

Input Processor- Control the devices used to input information to the

computer. The object is to get the coordinate data to the rest of the system with minimal lag time.

- keyboard, mouse, 3D position trackers, a voice recognition system, etc.

Simulation Processor– Core of a VR system.– Takes the user inputs along with any tasks programmed

into the world and determine the actions that will take place in the virtual world.


Rendering Processor–Create the sensations that are output to the user.

-Separate rendering processes are used for visual, auditory, haptic and other sensory systems. Each renderer take a description of the world stat from the simulation process or derive it directly from the World Database for each time step.


World Database -(World Description Files)

Store the objects that inhabit the world, scripts that describe actions of those objects.

PROBLEMS:

• Perceptual consistency .

• display performance.

• Temporal consistency.

ADVANTAGES OF VIRTUAL REALITY

• Simulate Real-Life Situations

• Making Learning Fun and Interesting

• Save on Cost

• Complex Situations Made Easy

• A Safe Environment

DISADVANTAGES OF VIRTUAL REALITY

• Virtual Reality equipment is very expensive.

• The new technology can not be used by everyone.

• It is limited to people who have good eyesight.

• Virtual reality technology has been associated with weight gain.

• Only large companies have access to current technology.

• uncomfortable. • Low-fidelity.• Lack of integration between application

packages.

FUTURE OF VR

-Ergonmics of visual displays.

-User interfaces

“ -Seamless” virtual environments

-Biomedical research

-Social aspects

DONE BY :

BASSAM KANBERNAGLAA FATHIREDHA QAIDHEBA RAFEQ

KHAWLA MAHIOUBHESHAM ALAGHBARY

SUPERVISORDR\ENSAF ALZURQA

Engineering

Virtual reality presentation