Climate Change Land-Based Mitigation Planning and Implementation in Jayapura Regency, Papua, Indonesia

HANA HIKOYABIHEAD OF JAYAPURA REGENCY DEVELOPMENT AGENCY

About Jayapura Regency Jayapura is one of the largest forest rich

regency in Papua province. The size of the area is 17,514 km, with population density of <7 people/km2

About 80% of Jayapura is covered by lowland and mountainous natural forest;

About 40% of the forest are within protected area and 16% is within production forest area;

Jayapura’s Medium term development plan entitled “The New Jayapura” has a mission of “developing the economic with the empowerment of indigenous people based on environmental awareness”

Capacity Development Needs The issue of climate change mitigation is new to

local government and people of Jayapura, although the local wisdom underlines the importance of maintaining environmental quality for future generation;

Prior to 2013, before ParCiMon and LAMA-I projects, there has been no efforts articulated in the language of CC mitigation, adaptation or low emission development in Jayapura due to lack of awareness, understanding and technical capacities;

Capacity development process on low emission development is a key to build a better understanding on climate change mitigation and ensure active engagement of government and local community

Capacity development on low emission development

Formulation and establishment of a multistakeholders platform called Jayapura’s Working Group for Low Emission Development Initiative in 2013 facilitated by implementing partners of ParCiMon and LAMA-I projects led by ICRAF;

Series of training on carbon stock measurement, emission calculation, and emission reduction planning;

Series of training in community based monitoring on carbon, biodiversity and hydrology;

Development of participatory monitoring system for green economy and land use planning

Stakeholders dialog to review and mainstream the low emission into formal planning document of Jayapura

Working Group as a Platform For Multi-Stakeholders Negotiation

Agent of changes : Technical capacity established through learning processes within the working group can be used to improve their routine tasks and can be transferred to other members of government officers of Jayapura;

Expert network : Based on the new knowledge on emissions from land use change, the working group can provide valuable input and suggestion to regency development plan in addressing drivers, i.e., in issuing new permits;

Facilitator : The working group comprises of several relevant government institutions, local community, NGO and university. Being a multistakeholder forum, the working group can facilitate dialog and awareness raising across sectoral institutions and also between government and local community.

Output of the WG:Historical Emission from Land Use/Cover Change

Total emissions attributable to land-use changes in Jayapura increase from 2.3 t CO2-eq/ha in 1990-2000 to 5.7 t CO2-eq/ha in 2010-2014.

More than 50% of the emission from land use change in Jayapura were caused by forest degradation and 23% were caused by deforestation of natural forest area into monoculture tree plantation;

Most of the emission from land use change occurred in the area designated ad production forest . In the most recent period, emission from area designated to tree crop plantation increased substantially.

1990 - 2000 2000 - 2005 2005 - 2010 2010 - 20140.00

10.00

20.00

30.00

40.00

50.00

60.00

24.06

53.33

23.32

30.11

4.441.40 2.07

4.51

Emission Sequestration

Mto

n Co

2 eq

Output of the Working Group:Prediction of future emission

Land use plan and development plan of Jayapura were used to predict the future emission under “business-as-usual” scenario;

Future emission of Jayapura were contributed by production forest area, protected area and area allocated for tree crop plantation;

Based on the prediction, the Low Emission Development Initiative of Jayapura established mitigation scenario consist of 8 actions which are suitable for local context in Jayapura.

2014

2015

2016

2017

2018

2019

2020

2021

2022

2023

2024

2025

2026

2027

2028

2029

2030

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

Wildlife conservation Natural conservationProtected forest Production forestConvertible production forest Timber conversionPlantation concession Industrial areaSettlement Mining concessionRiver riparian Reference emission level

Ton

CO2-

eq/(h

a.ye

ar)

Output of the Working Group: Mitigation scenario of Jayapura

1. Conserving primary and secondary forest in the protection area;

2. Conserving forest cover in the area that has been allocated to tree crop plantation;

3. Protecting primary and secondary forest in the Cycloops natural reserve area;

4. Rehabilitation of degraded land in the natural reserve area;

5. Conserving and rehabilitating Sagoo Forest in the vicinity of Sentani Lake;

6. Rehabilitating forest cover in Production Forest area;

7. Planting tree in the land slide prone area;

8. Developing agroforest in the community plantation area.

2014

2015

2016

2017

2018

2019

2020

2021

2022

2023

2024

2025

2026

2027

2028

2029

2030

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

S1-Conservation areaS2-Plantation cencession areaS3-Protected forestS4-Lake riparian areaS5-Natural reserveS6-Production forest areaS7-Land slide vulnerable areaS8-Community plantation areaReference emission levelMitigation scenarios

Ton

CO2-

eq/(h

a.ye

ar)

Estimated 23.5% emission reduction (19,2 Mt CO2-eq)

Mainstreaming the scenario into formal development plan

Inline with Indonesia National action plan for green house gas emission reduction, all the mitigation acions has been proposed through the regency development planning meeting. Some actions has been budgeted in the annual development plan of Jayapura;

Conservation of forest cover within the Cyclops natural reserve area has been incorporated and budgeted into Forestry Agency Annual Plan for 2016. It will be implemented by: (1) providing incentive to forest guard and the local community surrounding the natural reserve and the forest guard: (2) Awareness raising to the local community on the importance of the actions , and (3) Development of a botanical garden within the natural reserve ; (4) Planning for ecotourism activity managed by the local community;

Conservation and rehabilitation of sago forest has been incorporated and budgeted into the Agriculture Agency Annual Plan for 2016: (1) Local regulation on the protection of sago forest has been issued; (2) Replanting process has been initiated in the end of 2015 ; (3) A movement called “The Friends of Sago” has been initiated to increase awareness of the actions and involving more stakeholders in sago replanting processes;

Community based monitoring and participatory monitoring system has been developed by the working group of Jayapura .

Opportunities and Challenges1. Through the multistakeholders’ capacity

development process, the awareness of local people and government officials of Jayapura on climate change mitigation issues has been increased;

2. The mitigation strategy has been incorporated in local development plan, however a stronger regulation on mitigation actions should be enforced by the central government to ensure the processes and outcome are sustainable, most importantly through the upcoming local election;

3. Some mitigation actions should be implemented in synergy with other regencys through ecoregional approach. These type of actions should be regulated by province or national policy.

Lesson learnt Climate change mitigation action planning and implementation cannot be carried on by local

government only. Involvement of local stakeholders, most importantly local community is necessary to ensure the action can be embraced and implemented by all stakeholders;

Climate change issue cannot be addresses in isolation and without integration to development, local livelihoods and other environment issues such as water and biodiversity;

“Time lag” between national plan for emission reduction (2011), national development plan (2014-2019) and the currently active local development plan (varies in time period) make it difficult for the local governments to mainstream mitigation actions into the long/medium development plan. BAPPENAS as the leading agency should assist in providing solutions;

Collaboration/partnership scheme with the private sectors for financing and Research & Development partner institutions for facilitation and capacity strengthening to implement the mitigation action should be developed to increase institutional capacity of the local government to implement climate change mitigation from land-based sectors towards achieving Sustainable Development. Particular example: revitalization of smallholders’ cacao AF systems.

Helem foi !!!(THANK YOU)