PRESENTATION ON

WILDLIFE CONSERVATION

TEAM MEMBERS• OJAS P05• KETAKI P17• YOGITA P39• GOURI P11• RAHUL P55• PRATIK P26

Bio Diversity of India• Wildlife of India is a mix of species of diverse origins.

• India is home to a number of rare and threatened animal species.

• Home to about 7.6% of all mammalian, 12.6% of avian, 6.2% of reptilian, and 6.0% of flowering plant species.

• Tropical rainforest of the Andaman Islands, Western Ghats, and Northeast India, coniferous forest of the Himalaya. dry deciduous forest of central and southern India.

WILDLIFE CONSERVATION

DEFINED

Wildlife protection act started in 1972 Wildlife conservation is the protection of species and habitats of animals. The banning of hunting seasons for endangered or threatened species.

Importance of Wild life conservation

• Beauty

• Economic value- Timber , fur, tusk, ivory, leather, honey etc

• Scientific value• Gene pool for the scientists to carry breeding programmers

in agriculture, animal husbandry and fishery

• Maintain Ecological Balance• Eco- Tourism.

CAUSES OF WILDLIFE DESTRUCTION

Human Nature

Source : Wildlife protection society of India

Habitat Loss

• Second most critical factor in species extinction.

There now 20% less forest cover than existed 300

years ago

Poaching and hunting

• Another major cause of animal species extinction. • Poaching and illegal trade in animals are US$2

billion to $3 billion

Habitat Loss and Fragmentation• Extensive human demand resulted into Habitat

Loss.• Rainforests are the main habitats• Tropical rainforests are cleared for wood / timber resources development of petroleum resources mineral resources for cash-crop plantations and subsistence farming

National and International Wildlife Trade

• Pet Trade

• Fur Trade

• Meat Trade

• Body Parts Trade

• Trade for Biomedical Research

Some Other Causes

• Climate change / Global warming • Pollution• Introduced (Invasive) Species • Farmer / Rancher Shootings

Effects of Wild Life Depletion 1) Unbalance Food chain and Ecosystem

2) Reduction in rare Wild Animals

3) Danger to Human Life

4) Impact on Biodiversity

5) Loss of economic value

6) Loss genetic information

The natural wealth of the India• Unique, mysterious and fascinating for nature lovers. • In Indian philosophy, life in any form is deemed pure and it

is advocated that compassion for all living creatures is essential.

• The tree has held a vital place in religious tradition, symbolizing the myth of creation. The Agni Purana reveals that the conservation rite becomes a soul-saving deed and that trees are objects of respect.

• The rich and fascinating variety of India's wildlife can be seen in the 80 national parks, 440 sanctuaries and 23 tiger reserves established by the Government of India.

• India harbors 60% of the world's wild tiger population, 50% of Asian elephants, 80% of the one-horned rhinoceros and the entire remaining population of the Asiatic lion.

Wildlife of India (past)

• There were More than 500 species of mammals 1,220 species of birds 1, 600 species of reptiles and amphibians 57,000 species of insects

WILDLIFE OF INDIA (TODAY) The flora and fauna of wild species today is declining

rapidly in India Possible extinction is a possibility for over 77 mammals, 72

bird species, 17 reptile species, 3 amphibian species Large amount of butterflies and beetles which are

considered to be endangered. Rapid growth in industrialization has hampered the

ecosystem and had badly affected the wild animals Wildlife of India is on the mercy of human beings as the

mortality rate of animals is increasing due to hunting and poaching.

ENDANGERED SPECIES OF animals

MAJESTIC ELEPHANTS THE INDIAN BISON HISPID HARE SNOW LEOPARD

SWAMP DEER BLUE WHALE DESERT CAT LEAF MONKEY

ENDANGERED SPECIES OF plants

PTEROCARPUS SANTALINUS CYCAS BEDDOMEI RED SANDALWOOD

BAOBAB BERBERIS DECALEPIS HAMILTONII

Wildlife destructions in India

Over exploitation of forest Illicit felling of trees International wildlife trade (1960-1970) Nature against nature Encroachment of villagers on forest land Global warming(30% of all species might vanish in coming

decade) Un healthy relations of Govt and local population Local hunting and poaching by villagers Unloyalty of forest officials

Overcrowding is one of the major reasons for the depleting population of wild animals in India.

Eco-tourism and adventure tourism. Growth in vehicle pollution Wildlife road fatalities Damage of the natural habitat of birds and animals. Increase in wildfires

Releasing of chemicals and other toxic effluents into the water bodies has led to poisoning of the water.

SPOTTED DEER (AXIS-AXIS) KILLED BY LOCAL VILLAGERS IN TADOBA ANDHARI TIGER RESERVE (CHANDRAPUR) MAHARASHTRA

8 INDIAN BISONS (GAUR) WERE KILLED IN TATR BY ADULTERING UREA

Govt role in conservation of wildlife

Wildlife protection act 1972 Project tiger 1972-73 Forest protection act 1980-88 Anti poaching agencies State wildlife dept State forest dept Ministry of environment and forest Army (IF APPLICABLE) Police Border security force Coast guards

Wildlife conservation society

PROJECT TIGER

Project Tiger is a wildlife conservation movement initiated in India in 1972 The project aims at tiger conservation in specially constituted tiger reserves

throughout India

Creation of wildlife sanctuaries and reserves with mandatory fencing

Special task force be prepared for preservation of this supreme predator

No forestry operations carried out in core areas

Dept be provided with additional personal and wireless equipment with an immediate effect

Rehabilitation of locals done outside the reserve forest with immediate effect

Immediate compensesation to villagers in case of kill made by tiger

Immediate seize of weapon license from villagers given before 1972 unless prescribed officially.

Recommendations

Love towards mother Earth ,Nature & Animals

Conservation laws for wildlife/forest practiced properly

Strict actions against ,who do not abide laws

Non Balable arrest to person found acused

Non industrial activities besides reserve forest

conclusion Forests and wildlife are the renewable natural

resource and if all the planned programmes are effectively executed, in a few decades the flora and the fauna will start flourishing

Where is my mamma