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Warm-UpWhat type of connective tissue is shown below?
1. 2.
3. 4.
Cartilage
Blood
Adipose Tissue (Loose
Connective Tissue)
Bone
Chapter 4
Part II: Connective Tissue
Connective Tissue Most abundant and widely distributed tissue Main classes:
1. Connective tissue proper (loose & dense)2. Cartilage3. Bone4. Blood
Functions:1. Binding and support2. Protection3. Insulation4. Transport substances
Classification Variations in blood supply
Avascular (no blood) – cartilage Poorly vascular – tendons, ligaments
Extracellular matrix Produced by cells, secreted to exterior Ground substance: “glue” - fills space
between cells & fibers water + adhesion proteins + polysaccharides
Fibers: provide support Collagen - strength Elastic – stretch Reticular – fine network, “skeleton” of organs
Loose Connective Tissue Universal packing material Subclasses: areolar, adipose, reticular Structure: softer, fewer fibers, gel-like
matrix Functions:
Cushion & protect organs (areolar, fat) Store nutrients (fat) Internal framework (reticular) Fight infection (areolar)
Cells: fibroblasts, adipocytes (fat cells) Locations: under skin, lymph nodes, hips,
behind eyeballs
Dense Connective Tissue
Tendons & ligaments Subclasses: dense regular, dense
irregular, elastic Structure: mainly collagen fibers Functions:
Elastic Resist tension
Cells: fibroblasts Locations: tendons (muscle-bone),
ligaments (bone-bone), lower layers of skin
Cartilage
Subclasses: hyaline, elastic, fibrocartilage
Structure: flexible, no nerves or blood Functions:
Support Compression
Cells: chondroblasts, chondrocytes Locations: larynx, joints, tip of nose,
ear, intervertebral discs, rib-breastbone, knee joint
Bone
Osseous tissue Subclasses: compact, spongy Structure: hard, calcified matrix;
blood vessels Functions:
support & protect Store calcium Blood cell formation (marrow)
Cells: osteoblasts, osteocytes Locations: bones
Blood
Vascular tissue Subclasses: blood cells, plasma Structure: fluid within blood vessels,
no fibers Functions:
Transport vehicle (nutrients, wastes, gases, hormones)
Cells: white blood cells (leukocytes), red blood cells (erythrocytes), platelets
Locations: blood vessels