DC Environmental Network http://www.dcen.net/Clean Air Partners https://www.mwcog.org/environment/air/partners/

Anacostia Watershed Society http://www.anacostiaws.org/

Neighborhood Farm Initiative http://www.neighborhoodfarminitiative.org/about-us/our-mission/

American Public Transit Association http://voicesforpublictransit.org/

Capital Bikeshare http://capitalbikeshare.com/

DC Department of Parks and Recreation http://dpr.dc.gov/

In 2010, 35,000 D.C. residents (12%) walked to work daily.

Walking and biking can lower obesity rates, helping to prevent chronic health problems.

Access to parks and recreational spaces can help reduce obesity and the risk of chronic diseases including heart disease and diabetes.

D.C. Demographicsfrom 2012

POPULATION

RACE

LIFE EXPECTANCY

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the estimated population of D.C. increased 7.4% over its 2010 population of 601,767.

Though the African American population has decreased in D.C., it still comprises half of the population. In the 1980s, 70% of the population was African American. In 2000 it dropped to 61%.

Life expectancy for D.C. residents in 2012.

15% of deaths in the District are related to poor diet and obesity.

21% of D.C. residents do not engage in physical activity on a monthly basis.

22% of D.C. residents are obese.

35% of D.C. children ages 10 to 17 are obese or overweight and are at risk for high blood pressure, diabetes and heart disease.

Low-income populations are disproportionately impacted by obesity. In D.C., 41% of residents are considered to be “low-income."

Improving Health Through Parks/Green Spaces

D.C. is revamping its Master Plan for Parks.

The D.C. mayor designated $35 million to improve 32 playgrounds.

19.7% of the city’s 39,071 acres are parks, or 7,679 acres of parks.

Improving Health Through Active Commuting

2,300 bike racks have been installed since 2001.

In 2010, 9,300 D.C residents (3%) biked to work daily.

In 2013, air quality in D.C. had a failing grade, according to the American Lung Association.

Ozone: Grade F (unhealthy)

Particle pollution: Grade C (unhealthy for sensitive populations)

Median age of water main pipes in D.C.: 78 years old, including 9%

that were installed in the 1900s and 2% as old as the 1860s, before the Civil War

D.C. Water (utility) serves more than 600,000 residents and 17.8 million visitors every year.

1 http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/11000.html2 http://datatools.urban.org/features/changingcities/#race3 http://datatools.urban.org/features/changingcities/#age4 http://doh.dc.gov/sites/default/files/dc/sites/doh/page_content/attachments/ 2nd%20Draft%20CHNA%20%28v4%202%29%2006%2004%202013%20-%20Vol%201.pdf5 http://kaiserfamilyfoundation.files.wordpress.com/2013/01/8335.pdf6 http://washingtonexaminer.com/d.c.-tops-nation-in-drug-alcohol-abuse/article/1167697 http://healthyamericans.org/reports/drugabuse2013/release.php?stateid=DC8 http://www.dchunger.org/pdf/grocerygap.pdf9 http://www.dchunger.org/fedfoodprogs/cacfp/cacfp_index.htm 10 http://www.dchunger.org/fedfoodprogs/summer/summer_index.htm11 https://sphhs.gwu.edu/sbsrn2013/presentations/3_Castel.pdf12 http://dpr.dc.gov/node/13565213 http://www.dchunger.org/pdf/dcparks_rec_nutrition_strategies_2011.pdf14 http://playdc.org/project15 http://wamu.org/programs/metro_connection/13/05/24/building_better_playgrounds_for_dc_kids16 http://parkscore.tpl.org/city.php?city=Washington17 https://comp.ddot.dc.gov/Documents/Bicycle%20Program%20Fact%20Sheet%20Summer%202012.pdf18 http://wamu.org/news/13/04/25/dc_area_gets_f_in_air_quality19 http://www.stateoftheair.org/2013/states/district-of-columbia/district-of-columbia-11001.html20 http://www.dcwater.com/news/publications/dcwater_2012_annual.pdf 21 http://green.dc.gov/air22 http://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/the-number-of-homicides-falls-in-dc-and-prince-georges/ 2012/12/27/25af9fde-5069-11e2-950a-7863a013264b_story.html23 http://mpdc.dc.gov/node/19762224 http://mpdc.dc.gov/sites/default/files/dc/sites/mpdc/publication/attachments/homicidereport_0.pdf25 http://homicidewatch.org/2013/06/17/d-c-2012-murder-rate-ranked-8th-among-nations- most-populated-cities/26 http://doh.dc.gov/sites/default/files/dc/sites/doh/publication/attachments/ Section%201.%20Diagnosed%20and%20Living%20HIV%20Cases.pdf27 http://www.hubariatrics.com/files/ObesityinDCFactSheet.pdf28 http://www.prepwatch.org29 http://www.dchunger.org/press/dc_2014_summer_meals_report.htm30 http://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/capital-weather-gang/wp/2014/06/26/ nasa-showcases-major-decline-in-air-pollution-over-d-c-i-95-corridor-since-2005/?wpisrc=nl_buzz31 http://www.tobaccofreekids.org/facts_issues/toll_us/dc32 http://mpdc.dc.gov/sites/default/files/dc/sites/mpdc/publication/attachments/HomicideReduction Strategy-USAO.pdf33 http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/11000.html34 http://washingtonexaminer.com/dc-area-outpaces-nation-in-booming-asian-hispanic-growth/article/2531799

646,44950%

77.5 YEARSMEDIAN AGE

D.C.’s population is getting younger. Between 2000 and 2010, the 18- to 34-year-old age group grew by 37,000. Millennials (young adults between the ages of 18 and 34) represent 35% of the D.C. population, compared to 23% nationally.

33.8 YEARS

Heart disease and cancer are the two leading causes of death among residents, accounting for 50% of the deaths in the last five years, reported the Department of Health.

Solutions

Problems

Solutions

Problems

OBESITY AND CHRONIC DISEASES

Obesity rates within the District contribute to an estimated $400 million in yearly health care costs.

POLLUTION, ENVIRONMENT AND WATER

Driving less, using public transportation and bike-sharing opportunities

Checking vehicle emissionsand keeping non-passing vehicles off the road

Conserving electricity and energy

Not burning wood or trash

Asking legislators and government officials to support measures that cut air pollution

SOURCES

Key Organizations

Key Organizations

Since the 1990s, federal and city law enforcement agencies led several initiatives to target violent crime including:

Between 1990 and 1995, 2,643 people were murdered in D.C. — an average of more than 400 deaths per year.

In 2012, D.C.’s murder rate ranked 8th among the nation’s most populated cities with a count of 88.

In 1990, there were 474 homicides in the District. In 2013, there were 104.

The number of victims under the age of 18 has declined: 20 in 2008 compared to three in 2012.

National Crime Prevention Council http://www.ncpc.org/programs

DC Metro PD Safe City Project http://mpdc.dc.gov/node/214292

District of Columbia Crime Policy Institute http://www.dccrimepolicy.org/

Solutions

Problems Improvements

CRIME

Key Organizations

From substance abuse to hunger to violent crime, D.C. residents experience a wide range of interrelated health concerns. These concerns are best addressed by looking at prevention methods first. Through this graphic,

we explore a number of critical issues that public health practitioners are working to address through a variety of on-the-ground initiatives.

Residents of Wards 5, 7 and 8 are more likely to suffer from chronic diseases than residents of other wards.

Problems

The top fifth of income earners in D.C. earn on average 29 times more than the bottom fifth.

29X MORE

INEQUALITY

DC Healthy Families http://dhcf.dc.gov/service/dc-healthy-families

National Health Equity Coalition http://www.nationalhealthequitycoalition.org/main/default.aspx

Health Equity Initiative (HEI) http://www.healthequityinitiative.org/about

The District of Columbia covers 30% of residents through health insurance programs, including Medicaid, Medicare, D.C. Healthcare Alliance, SCHIP and Healthy D.C.

To counteract the low availability of providers, the District has increased Medicaid and Alliance reimbursements.

Using a model public/private partnership called Medical Homes D.C., which has worked with the D.C. Department of Health, the District is trying to improve access to quality primary care in medically underserved neighborhoods.

Solutions

Key Organizations

created by

Health and Wellness in the

District of Columbia

D.C. is ranked 21st for the highest prescription drug overdose mortality rate in the United States. This translates to 12.9 overdoses from prescription drugs per 100,000 people, a 55% increase since 1999.

11.3% of people 12 years and older abused or were dependent on alcohol or drugs between 2010-2011, compared to the national average of 8.9%, reported SAMHSA.

In October 2013, Trust For America’s Health (TFAH) gave Washington, D.C., a score of 6 out of 10 for implementing strategies that could reduce prescription drug abuse, which include:

Doctor shopping laws

Good Samaritan laws

Support for substance abuse treatment services

Rescue drug laws

Physical exam requirement

Lock-in programs

Addiction Prevention and Recovery Administration (APRA) http://doh.dc.gov/service/doh-substance-abuse

Regional Addiction Prevention Inc. (RAP) http://www.rapinc.org/

Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA) http://www.samhsa.gov/House of Ruth http://www.houseofruth.org/

Between 2010 and 2013, 12% of D.C. households were food insecure, compared to 12.9% nationally. The U.S. Dept. of Agriculture (USDA) defines “food insecurity” as a limited availability of, or inability to acquire, nutritionally adequate and safe food for a household.

In 2008–2012, 30.5% of households with children in D.C. could not afford enough food, the second worst rate in the nation. By comparison, food insecurity for households without children was 13.5%.

Wards 7 and 8, with the highest poverty rates, have the city’s highest obesity rates.

Only 48% of full-service grocery stores accept WIC.

Grants for before-and-after-care nutrition programs

Funding to promote physical activity and nutrition in childcare programs

DC Central Kitchen http://www.dccentralkitchen.org/

DC Hunger Solutions http://www.dchunger.org/

DC Free Summer Meals Program (FSMP)

Miriam’s Kitchen http://www.miriamskitchen.org/cause

HIV/AIDS, Hepatitis, STD and TB Administration (HAHSTA) http://doh.dc.gov/page/hivaids-hepatitis-std-and-tb-administration-hahsta

Metro Teen Aids http://metroteenaids.org/site/

Men in D.C. are three times more likely to be diagnosed with HIV as women (4,238.8 per 100,000 men vs. 1,422.4 per 100,000 women).

Reasons for the HIV/AIDS epidemic:

High poverty rate

Lack of awareness of HIV status

Lack of access to health care

6.5 million male and female condoms were distributed in 2013, 5.7 million in 2012 and 4.6 million in 2011.

In a D.C. needle-exchange program, 648,000 syringes were exchanged in 2013.

Routine HIV testing expanded. In 2011, 120,000 publicly supported HIV rapid tests were distributed in D.C.

High percentage of HIV testing: 68% of D.C. residents aged 18–64 report ever having been tested for HIV (which is higher than any other state.)

2.4% of the population in the District is living with HIV.

Problems

Drug use

Solutions

SUBSTANCE ABUSE AND DRUG USE

Problems

Solutions

Problems

Solutions

Key Organizations

HIV AND AIDS

HUNGER

Key Organizations

Key Organizations

High rates of other sexually transmitted infections

Whitman-Walker Health http://www.whitman-walker.org/

*This list is in no particular order.

For the state-by-state scoring, each state received one point for achieving an indicator, or zero points if it did not achieve the indicator. Zero is the lowest possible score, 10 is the highest.

*Look to the hunger section above for solutions connected to the role food access plays in this issue.

Pre-exposure prophylaxis, or PrEP, is an emerging HIV prevention intervention in which HIV-negative individuals take an antiretroviral to reduce their individual risk of acquiring HIV.

Washington D.C. ranks first in the nation for reaching children with summer meals through the D.C. Free Summer Meals Program, administered by the Office of the State Superintendent of Education (OSSE).

Since 2005, the concentration of nitrogen dioxide, a pollutant linked to adverse effects on the respira-tory system, has decreased, which resulted in D.C. experienc-ing a drop in the number of days in which air quality falls below federal health standards.

Tobacco use is the single most preventable cause of death and disease in the United States. In Washington, D.C., 700 adults die each year from smoking, and 7,000 kids under the age

of 18 will ultimately die prematurely from smoking.

Unprotected sex

Federal Assistance Project: An infusion of resources from 18 federal agencies helped target violent crime and enhance enforcement efforts.

Project Ceasefire: This initiative increased the number of attorneys focused on gang violence, created an Intelligence Unit and launched a media campaign to raise awareness of gun violence.Homicide Prevention Project: By facilitating coordination among detectives and narcotics investigators, this project closed over a dozen homicide cases.

Project Safe Neighborhoods: This national anti-gun violence campaign emphasized collaboration among law enforcement agencies.

The Hot Spot Initiative: 18 participating agencies developed targeted work plans to make an impact on crime in 14 neighborhoods.

50.1%

.6%

3.8%.2%

2.4%

42.9%White African

American

American Indian andAlaska Native

AsianNative Hawaiian andOther Pacific Islander

Mix of Two orMore Races

HIV Prevalence Rates per 100,000 by SexRace/Ethnicity, for Adults/Adolescents, 2010

593.6

106.4

6,344.1 Black men

Overall D.C. Rate: 2,739.0

Latino men

Black women

White menLatinas

White women

2,996.72,601.5

2,374.1

D.C.’s Hispanic population has grown 14.6% from 2010 to 2012 — outpacing the national average of 5.1%.

Throughout the D.C. metropolitan area — which includes counties in Virginia and Maryland — the poverty rate was 8.4% in 2010 (compared to 6.8% in 2007).

In the District specifically, the poverty rate was 19%, more than double that of the D.C. metropolitan area. The average poverty rate across the U.S. is 15%.