Discovering Scholarly Orphans Using ORCID

Discovering Scholarly Orphans Using ORCID

@mart1nkle1n, @hvdsomp

JCDL 2017, 06/22/2017, Toronto, CA

Discovering Scholarly Orphans

Using ORCID

Martin Klein@mart1nkle1n

http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0130-2097

Herbert Van de Sompel@hvdsomp

http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0715-6126

Research Library

Los Alamos National Laboratory



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Novel Archival Paradigm

• Current paradigm:

• Owner of scholarly record submits finalized and atomic record to

custodian, takes care of long-term preservation

• E.g., Publisher uploads journals to Portico, author uploads paper

into institutional repository

• Fails, even for traditional journal articles

• Significant number of journal articles do not make it into archives

• IRs are under-utilized

• Does not account for web-based scholarship, living things with

versions, web resources related to paper

Argument for a novel paradigm to capture web-based scholarly

resources



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Capture Flow



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Capture Flow



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Algorithmic Discovery of Web Identities

James Powell et al. (2014) EgoSystem: Where are our alumni?

In: code4lib http://journal.code4lib.org/articles/9519



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Capture Flow



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Discovery of Web Identities via a Registry: ORCID

Ian Milliganhttp://orcid.org/0000-0002-1470-7723

Mark Matienzohttp://orcid.org/0000-0003-3270-1306



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Mark Matienzo’s ORCID

• Web Identities: 3

(homepage, ScopusID,

ResearcherID)

http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3270-1306



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Mark Matienzo’s Home Page

• URI to GitHub

repository, Twitter

• Could be included in

ORCID profile

http://matienzo.org/



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Ian Milligan’s ORCID

• Web Identities: 0

http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1470-7723



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• Evaluation of ORCID for automatic discovery of Web Identities

• How well does ORCID represent the global community of active

researchers?

• Adoption rate

• Subject coverage

• Geo-location coverage

• How well does ORCID score when it comes to listing Web Identities?




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ORCID data




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• Extract from ORCID records

• First name

• Last name

• Affiliations

• Works (publications, datasets, etc)

• Web identities

ORCID - Adoption Rate



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ORCID - Adoption Rate

2013 2014 2015 2016

05

00000

100

0000

15000

00

20

00000

2500

000

ORCIDs total

ORCIDs with given names

ORCIDs with first names

ORCIDs with works

ORCIDs with affiliations

ORCIDs with web identities



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• Extract DOIs from works

• Match DOIs against CrossRef’s Metadata API

• Obtain subject terms

• Match against descriptive terms from “Classification of Instructional

Programs” (CIP) published by the Institute of Education Sciences

ORCID - Subject Coverage



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2013



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Changes from 2013 to 2014

Ranks gained:

• Social Science

• Education

• History

Ranks lost:

• Computer Science

• Legal professions

• Journalism



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Ranks gained:

• Social Science

• Education

Ranks lost:

• Natural Resources and

Conservation



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Ranks gained:

• Natural Resources and

Conservation

Ranks lost:

• Multi/Interdisciplinary Studies



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Comparison of ORCID subjects with:

1. Distribution of researchers’ disciplines

• Proxy: Ph.D. recipients from U.S. universities

• Obtained from NSF, 2015 data

2. Distribution of publications’ disciplines

• Obtained from UNESCO Science Report

• U.S. data from 2014

Both report disciplines aligned with CIP terms, hence they are

easily comparable.




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0

10

20

30

40

50

60

Other

Life Sciences

Physical

Sciences

Mathematics and

Computer Sciences

Education

Psychology and

Social Sciences

Engineering

Humanities and Arts

●

●

●

● ●●

●

●

●

●

●

●

● ●

●

●

●

●

●

● ●●

●

●

●●●

ORCID Subjects

Ph.D. Researchers

Publications



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• Extract affiliations from ORCID records

• Aggregate country code for associated locations

• Only available in ORCID data since 2015

• Compare against UNESCO data of researcher distribution

ORCID – Geo-Location Coverage



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ORCID - Geo-Location Coverage



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• Analyze distribution of link “Labels”

• Field lacks controlled vocabulary

ORCID – Web Identities



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ORCID - Web Identities

Top 20 labels 2016



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ORCID - Web Identities

Top 20 labels 2016



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Capture Flow



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Ian Milligan’s ORCID

• Artifacts?

http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1470-7723



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• Analyze distribution of types of “Work” e.g.,

• “journal article” – likely not an orphan

• “data-set” – potential orphan

ORCID - Scholarly Orphans

https://members.orcid.org/api/resources/work-types



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ORCID - Work Types

Dominated by types expected not to be orphans!



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Take-Aways

• ORCID Adoption rate is increasing

• Subject coverage is focused, does not cover all disciplines equally

• Geo-Location coverage is good but not quite representative

• Web Identity coverage is poor; not usable for our purpose in its

current state

• Very few scholarly orphans directly referenced



JCDL 2017, 06/22/2017, Toronto, CA

Discovering Scholarly Orphans

Using ORCID

Martin Klein@mart1nkle1n

http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0130-2097

Herbert Van de Sompel@hvdsomp

http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0715-6126

Research Library

Los Alamos National Laboratory

Internet

Discovering Scholarly Orphans Using ORCID