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The Chaparrastique volcano, which is located in the San Miguel municipality about 140 km (87 miles) east of San Salvador, the capital, spewed ash over a wide area known for its coffee plantations. After erupting 26 times in the last 500 years, Chaparrastique is considered the most active of El Salvador’s 23 active volcanoes. THE KEYS TO RESILIENCE and recovery from volcanic disasters: 1) know the eruptive history of your region’s volcanoes; 2) be prepared; 3) have a warning system; 4) evacuate; 5) learn from the experience and start over
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CHAPARRASTIQUE ERUPTS AGAIN: DEC. 29, 2013
VOLCANO CHAPARRASTIQUE ERUPTS
IN EL SALVADORSunday, December 29, 2013
EL SALVADOR IS LOCATED ON THE “RING OF FIRE”
EL SALVADOR IS LOCATED ON THE “RING OF FIRE”
LOCATION MAP
CHAPARRASTIQUE ERUPTS AGAIN: DEC. 29, 2013
The Chaparrastique volcano, which is located in the San Miguel municipality about 140 km (87 miles) east of San Salvador, the capital,
spewed ash over a wide area known for its coffee
plantations.
The dense column of gas and ash rose more than 5,000
meters (3 miles) into the air, and debris was spread in a
radius of 10 kilometers (6 miles) from the volcano,
INITIAL IMPACTS
• No immediate reports of casualties or injuries.
• Officials warned that wind could carry smoke and ash from the Chaparrastique to Tegucigalpa, the capital of neighboring Honduras.
• Flights to and from El Salvador were cancelled on Sunday.
After erupting 26 times in the last 500 years, Chaparrastique is considered the most active of El Salvador’s 23 active volcanoes.
RESCUE WORKERS FACILITATING EVACUATIONS
SOME OF THE 1635 EVACUEES: 7 TEMPORARY SHELTERS
COPING WITH THE VOLCANIC ASH
SOLDIERS MAINTAIN SECURITY
VOLCANOES
VOLCANO HAZARDS CAN HAVE FAR REACHING IMPACTS
• VERTICAL ASJ PLUME (can affect jet aircraft)
• TEPHRA
• LATERAL BLAST
• PYROCLASTIC CLOUDS, BURSTS, AND FLOWS
VOLCANO HAZARDS CAN HAVE FAR REACHING IMPACTS
• LAVA FLOWS
• LAHARS (can bury villages)
• EARTHQUAKES (related to movement of lava)
• “VOLCANIC WINTER” (causing famine and mass extinctions)
LATERAL BLAST
VOLCANIC
ERUPTIONS
VOLCANIC
ERUPTIONS
PYROCLASTIC FLOWS
FLYING DEBRIS
VOLCANIC ASH
LAVA FLOWS
LAHARS
TOXIC GASES
CAUSES OF RISK
CAUSES OF RISK
CASE HISTORIESCASE HISTORIES
INDONESIA’SINDONESIA’S
COMMUNITIESCOMMUNITIES
INDONESIA’SINDONESIA’S
COMMUNITIESCOMMUNITIESDATA BASES DATA BASES AND INFORMATIONAND INFORMATIONDATA BASES DATA BASES AND INFORMATIONAND INFORMATION
HAZARDS: GROUND SHAKING GROUND FAILURE SURFACE FAULTING TECTONIC DEFORMATION TSUNAMI RUN UP AFTERSHOCKS
•VOLCANO HAZARDS•PEOPLE & BLDGS. •VULNERABILITY•LOCATION
VOLCANO RISK VOLCANO RISK
RISK
ACCEPTABLE RISK
UNACCEPTABLE RISK
GOAL: VOLCANO GOAL: VOLCANO DISASTER RESILIENCEDISASTER RESILIENCE
• PREPAREDNESS•PROTECTION•EARLY WARNING•EMERGENCY RESPONSE•RECOVERY and RECONSTRUCTION
POLICY OPTIONSPOLICY OPTIONS
POLICY POLICY ADOPTIONADOPTION
POLICY POLICY ADOPTIONADOPTION
RISK ASSESSMENT
• VULNERABILITYVULNERABILITY
• EXPOSUREEXPOSURE
• EVENTEVENT
POLICY ASSESSMENT
• COSTCOST
• BENEFITBENEFIT
•CONSEQUENCESCONSEQUENCES
TOWARDS DISASTER RISK REDUCTION TOWARDS DISASTER RISK REDUCTION FOR VOLCANOESFOR VOLCANOES
VOLCANIC VOLCANIC ERUPTIONSERUPTIONS
VOLCANIC VOLCANIC ERUPTIONSERUPTIONS EXPECTED EXPECTED
LOSSLOSS
EXPECTED EXPECTED LOSSLOSS
THE KEYS TO RESILIENCE: 1) KNOW THE ERUPTIVE HISTORY OF
YOUR REGION’S VOLCANOES,2) BE PREPARED
3) HAVE A WARNING SYSTEM 4) EVACUATE
5) LEARN FROM THE EXPERIENCE AND START OVER
MONITORING TECHNOLOGIES AND WARNING SYSTEMS ARE A VITAL PART OF BECOMING
RESILIENT
INTEGRATED AIR AND LAND MONITORING TECHNOLOGIES ARE VITAL
.
