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The Weekly Phenology of Bees of the Mid-Atlantic States: MD, VA, WV, DC, PA, DE Sam Droege [email protected]

MidAtlantic Native Bee Phenology

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A set of phenological charts for the genera and common species of native bees occurring in the Mid-Atlantic region (Maryland, Pennsylvania, Delaware, District of Columbia, Virginia, West Virginia), created from the USGS Native Bee Database housed at Disvoerlife

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Page 1: MidAtlantic Native Bee Phenology

The Weekly Phenology of Bees of the Mid-Atlantic States: MD,

VA, WV, DC, PA, DESam Droege

[email protected]

Page 2: MidAtlantic Native Bee Phenology

Objectives of This Presentation

• A quick coarse look at the week-by-week phenologies of common genera and species of bees in the Mid-Atlantic area using collections from the USGS bee database

• Corrections for effort and better graphics were NOT the objective (too time consuming, for Sam), but anyone who would like to make those efforts is welcome to have the dataset

• We also want to demonstrate one of the many values of keeping detailed data on ALL the bees that are caught not just the “good” ones.

Page 3: MidAtlantic Native Bee Phenology

Where Do These Data Come From?

• They come from a joint database that is maintained by Sam Droege and Discoverlife (www.discoverlife.org)

• Many collectors were involved but the primary ones have been Sam Droege, Jane Whitaker, Heather Harmon, and Cathy Strager

Page 4: MidAtlantic Native Bee Phenology

Who Can Use These Graphs?

• Anyone who wants to, we are public servants and this is public data and we want it widely used, but it would be very nice if you acknowledged the work of the people listed in this presentation, and then followed up by doing something nice for someone else, perhaps calling a relative who you haven’t talked to in a while…that sort of thing

Page 5: MidAtlantic Native Bee Phenology

Data Facts

• Data were collected primarily by bowl traps and netting• Data reflect projects by the participants and therefore

effort varied from year-to-year and week-to-week• Data from April 4, 2003 were not used in the analysis of

phenology due to the capture of 4000 individuals on one day (750 traps set!), these data tended to have too great an impact on the resulting graphs

• With perhaps a few exceptions (none come to mind) all bees collected were entered in the database

Page 6: MidAtlantic Native Bee Phenology

Some General Site Information

• Data came from 3121 site records, and approximately 57,000 captured individuals

• Most of the time a site record would be a unique collecting event at a unique location, however, sometimes data were split into several experimental subunits at a site and each subunit given a separate site record

Page 7: MidAtlantic Native Bee Phenology

Number of Records By State

0

5000

10000

15000

20000

25000

30000

35000

40000

45000

Individuals

Delaware

District ofColumbia

Maryland

Pennsylvania

Virginia

West Virginia

Page 8: MidAtlantic Native Bee Phenology

Geographic Locations of Sampling Sites

Page 9: MidAtlantic Native Bee Phenology

Record Locations

• Records were weighted toward sampling locations around Washington D.C., Delaware, the eastern part of West Virginia (not in early spring, however) and in the remainder of the region it was more scattered, at different times and locations. If we had enough data it would be likely that spring data from the mountains would be shifted a bit later than that coming from the Coastal Plain

Page 10: MidAtlantic Native Bee Phenology

Potentially of Interest to Someone: Numbers of Individuals By County

• Count state county• 129 Delaware• 6895 Delaware Kent• 1430 Delaware New Castle• 6620 Delaware Sussex• 3728 District of Columbia• 748 Maryland• 5889 Maryland Anne Arundel• 87 Maryland Baltimore• 6198 Maryland Calvert• 825 Maryland Caroline• 19 Maryland Carroll• 53 Maryland Cecil• 935 Maryland Charles• 208 Maryland Dorchester• 25 Maryland Frederick• 688 Maryland Garrett• 19 Maryland Harford• 573 Maryland Howard• 40 Maryland Kent• 447 Maryland Montgomery• 53 Maryland P.G and A.A.• 1804 Maryland Prince Georges• 20251 Maryland Prince George's• 40 Maryland Prince George's County• 2889 Maryland Queen Anne's• 158 Maryland Queen's Town• 180 Maryland Somerset• 11 Maryland Somerset and Worchester Counties• 78 Maryland Sussex• 2053 Maryland Talbot• 1 Maryland Washington• 217 Maryland Wicomico• 365 Maryland Worcester• 9 Maryland Worchester• 678 Pennsylvania• 74 Pennsylvania Berks• 7 Pennsylvania Cambria• 14 Pennsylvania Clearfield• 169 Pennsylvania Delaware• 19 Pennsylvania Lancaster• 8 Pennsylvania McKean• 94 Pennsylvania Philadelphia

• 185 Pennsylvania Pike• 773 Virginia• 1725 Virginia Accomack• 2697 Virginia Albemarle• 5 Virginia Essex• 3350 Virginia Fairfax• 73 Virginia Fluvanna• 81 Virginia Frederick• 110 Virginia Greene• 3 Virginia Isle of Wight• 40 Virginia King George• 142 Virginia Madison• 3 Virginia Prince William• 1 Virginia Richmond• 14 Virginia Shenandoah• 41 Virginia Suffolk City• 5 Virginia Virginia Beach City• 336 West Virginia• 12 West Virginia Barbour• 947 West Virginia Berkeley• 22 West Virginia Cabell• 20 West Virginia Doddridge• 134 West Virginia Grant• 7347 West Virginia Hampshire• 4092 West Virginia Hardy• 11 West Virginia Harrison• 215 West Virginia Jefferson• 32 West Virginia Lincoln• 2 West Virginia Mason• 52 West Virginia Mineral• 157 West Virginia Pendleton• 43 West Virginia Pleasants• 72 West Virginia Pocahontas• 6 West Virginia Preston• 21 West Virginia Raleigh• 125 West Virginia Randolph• 230 West Virginia Ritchie• 76 West Virginia Tucker• 16 West Virginia Tyler• 1 West Virginia Wayne

Page 11: MidAtlantic Native Bee Phenology

General Format for All Phenology Charts

• The Week Number (1-52) of the year is on the X-Axis• The height of the bars along the Y-Axis indicates the

number of individuals captured for each week• Ignore the categories “blank” and “value”

it took too much time to get rid of them so I left them in• Note that in order to “trick” Excel into consistently

displaying all the weeks of the year I used and Excel macro to add a single individual count to each week every time I made a chart, thus the real number of individuals for any week is whatever is displayed minus 1. OK, this is not the slickest way to make the graphs, but it was the fastest way I could think of at the time, if you like we can send you the data and you can make better ones!

Page 12: MidAtlantic Native Bee Phenology

A Couple of Excel Notes

• Data from this presentation were dumped from an Access program into Excel.

• The date field was converted to a week field using the WEEKNUM function of Excel

• Graphs were produced using the PIVOTCHART feature of Excel

Page 13: MidAtlantic Native Bee Phenology

The Week Number at the Start of Each Month – So You Can Handily Keep Track of Where You Are

in the Year

April 14May 18June 22July 26August 31September 35October 40

Page 14: MidAtlantic Native Bee Phenology

Presentation Order

• The results by genera are presented first and then for the more common species

• Unless otherwise noted the males and the females are presented together. The phenology of males and females is almost always at least slightly different; time, however, did not permit presenting the differences by sex in this presentation, but others are welcome to do so and we can send you the data

Page 15: MidAtlantic Native Bee Phenology

A Graph of All Individuals Captured

0

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 91

01

11

21

31

41

51

61

71

81

92

02

12

22

32

42

52

62

72

82

93

03

13

23

33

43

53

63

73

83

94

04

14

24

34

44

54

64

74

84

95

05

15

2#

VA

LU

E!

(bla

nk)

Count of weeknumber

weeknumber

Page 16: MidAtlantic Native Bee Phenology

Osmia

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 91

01

11

21

31

41

51

61

71

81

92

02

12

22

32

42

52

62

72

82

93

03

13

23

33

43

53

63

73

83

94

04

14

24

34

44

54

64

74

84

95

05

15

2#

VA

LU

E!

(bla

nk)

Count of weeknumber

weeknumber

Page 17: MidAtlantic Native Bee Phenology

Triepeolus

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 91

01

11

21

31

41

51

61

71

81

92

02

12

22

32

42

52

62

72

82

93

03

13

23

33

43

53

63

73

83

94

04

14

24

34

44

54

64

74

84

95

05

15

2(b

lan

k)

Count of weeknumber

weeknumber

Page 18: MidAtlantic Native Bee Phenology

Svastra

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 91

01

11

21

31

41

51

61

71

81

92

02

12

22

32

42

52

62

72

82

93

03

13

23

33

43

53

63

73

83

94

04

14

24

34

44

54

64

74

84

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05

15

2(b

lank

)

Count of weeknumber

weeknumber

Page 19: MidAtlantic Native Bee Phenology

Sphecodes

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 91

01

11

21

31

41

51

61

71

81

92

02

12

22

32

42

52

62

72

82

93

03

13

23

33

43

53

63

73

83

94

04

14

24

34

44

54

64

74

84

95

05

15

2(b

lank

)

Count of weeknumber

weeknumber

Page 20: MidAtlantic Native Bee Phenology

Pseudopanurgus

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 91

01

11

21

31

41

51

61

71

81

92

02

12

22

32

42

52

62

72

82

93

03

13

23

33

43

53

63

73

83

94

04

14

24

34

44

54

64

74

84

95

05

15

2(b

lank

)

Count of weeknumber

weeknumber

Page 21: MidAtlantic Native Bee Phenology

Perdita

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 91

01

11

21

31

41

51

61

71

81

92

02

12

22

32

42

52

62

72

82

93

03

13

23

33

43

53

63

73

83

94

04

14

24

34

44

54

64

74

84

95

05

15

2(b

lank

)

Count of weeknumber

weeknumber

Page 22: MidAtlantic Native Bee Phenology

Panurginus

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 91

01

11

21

31

41

51

61

71

81

92

02

12

22

32

42

52

62

72

82

93

03

13

23

33

43

53

63

73

83

94

04

14

24

34

44

54

64

74

84

95

05

15

2(b

lank

)

Count of weeknumber

weeknumber

Page 23: MidAtlantic Native Bee Phenology

Nomada

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 91

01

11

21

31

41

51

61

71

81

92

02

12

22

32

42

52

62

72

82

93

03

13

23

33

43

53

63

73

83

94

04

14

24

34

44

54

64

74

84

95

05

15

2#

VA

LU

E!

(bla

nk)

Count of weeknumber

weeknumber

Page 24: MidAtlantic Native Bee Phenology

Melissodes

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 91

01

11

21

31

41

51

61

71

81

92

02

12

22

32

42

52

62

72

82

93

03

13

23

33

43

53

63

73

83

94

04

14

24

34

44

54

64

74

84

95

05

15

2(b

lank

)

Count of weeknumber

weeknumber

Page 25: MidAtlantic Native Bee Phenology

Megachile

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 91

01

11

21

31

41

51

61

71

81

92

02

12

22

32

42

52

62

72

82

93

03

13

23

33

43

53

63

73

83

94

04

14

24

34

44

54

64

74

84

95

05

15

2#

VA

LU

E!

(bla

nk)

Count of weeknumber

weeknumber

Page 26: MidAtlantic Native Bee Phenology

Lasioglossum

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 91

01

11

21

31

41

51

61

71

81

92

02

12

22

32

42

52

62

72

82

93

03

13

23

33

43

53

63

73

83

94

04

14

24

34

44

54

64

74

84

95

05

15

2#

VA

LU

E!

(bla

nk)

Count of weeknumber

weeknumber

Page 27: MidAtlantic Native Bee Phenology

Lasioglossum females

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 91

01

11

21

31

41

51

61

71

81

92

02

12

22

32

42

52

62

72

82

93

03

13

23

33

43

53

63

73

83

94

04

14

24

34

44

54

64

74

84

95

05

15

2#

VA

LU

E!

(bla

nk)

Count of weeknumber

weeknumber

Page 28: MidAtlantic Native Bee Phenology

Hylaeus

0

50

100

150

200

250

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 91

01

11

21

31

41

51

61

71

81

92

02

12

22

32

42

52

62

72

82

93

03

13

23

33

43

53

63

73

83

94

04

14

24

34

44

54

64

74

84

95

05

15

2#

VA

LU

E!

(bla

nk)

Count of weeknumber

weeknumber

Page 29: MidAtlantic Native Bee Phenology

Hoplitis

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 91

01

11

21

31

41

51

61

71

81

92

02

12

22

32

42

52

62

72

82

93

03

13

23

33

43

53

63

73

83

94

04

14

24

34

44

54

64

74

84

95

05

15

2#

VA

LU

E!

(bla

nk)

Count of weeknumber

weeknumber

Page 30: MidAtlantic Native Bee Phenology

Heriades

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 91

01

11

21

31

41

51

61

71

81

92

02

12

22

32

42

52

62

72

82

93

03

13

23

33

43

53

63

73

83

94

04

14

24

34

44

54

64

74

84

95

05

15

2(b

lank

)

Count of weeknumber

weeknumber

Page 31: MidAtlantic Native Bee Phenology

Halictus

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

450

500

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 91

01

11

21

31

41

51

61

71

81

92

02

12

22

32

42

52

62

72

82

93

03

13

23

33

43

53

63

73

83

94

04

14

24

34

44

54

64

74

84

95

05

15

2#

VA

LU

E!

(bla

nk)

Count of weeknumber

weeknumber

Page 32: MidAtlantic Native Bee Phenology

Eucera

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 91

01

11

21

31

41

51

61

71

81

92

02

12

22

32

42

52

62

72

82

93

03

13

23

33

43

53

63

73

83

94

04

14

24

34

44

54

64

74

84

95

05

15

2(b

lank

)

Count of weeknumber

weeknumber

Page 33: MidAtlantic Native Bee Phenology

Epeolus

0

5

10

15

20

25

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 91

01

11

21

31

41

51

61

71

81

92

02

12

22

32

42

52

62

72

82

93

03

13

23

33

43

53

63

73

83

94

04

14

24

34

44

54

64

74

84

95

05

15

2(b

lank

)

Count of weeknumber

weeknumber

Page 34: MidAtlantic Native Bee Phenology

Colletes

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 91

01

11

21

31

41

51

61

71

81

92

02

12

22

32

42

52

62

72

82

93

03

13

23

33

43

53

63

73

83

94

04

14

24

34

44

54

64

74

84

95

05

15

2#

VA

LU

E!

(bla

nk)

Count of weeknumber

weeknumber

Page 35: MidAtlantic Native Bee Phenology

Coelioxys

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 91

01

11

21

31

41

51

61

71

81

92

02

12

22

32

42

52

62

72

82

93

03

13

23

33

43

53

63

73

83

94

04

14

24

34

44

54

64

74

84

95

05

15

2#

VA

LU

E!

(bla

nk)

Count of weeknumber

weeknumber

Page 36: MidAtlantic Native Bee Phenology

Ceratina

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 91

01

11

21

31

41

51

61

71

81

92

02

12

22

32

42

52

62

72

82

93

03

13

23

33

43

53

63

73

83

94

04

14

24

34

44

54

64

74

84

95

05

15

2#

VA

LU

E!

(bla

nk)

Count of weeknumber

weeknumber

Page 37: MidAtlantic Native Bee Phenology

Bombus

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 91

01

11

21

31

41

51

61

71

81

92

02

12

22

32

42

52

62

72

82

93

03

13

23

33

43

53

63

73

83

94

04

14

24

34

44

54

64

74

84

95

05

15

2#

VA

LU

E!

(bla

nk)

Count of weeknumber

weeknumber

Page 38: MidAtlantic Native Bee Phenology

Andrena

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

900

1000

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 91

01

11

21

31

41

51

61

71

81

92

02

12

22

32

42

52

62

72

82

93

03

13

23

33

43

53

63

73

83

94

04

14

24

34

44

54

64

74

84

95

05

15

2#

VA

LU

E!

(bla

nk)

Count of weeknumber

weeknumber

Page 39: MidAtlantic Native Bee Phenology

Agapostemon

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

450

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 91

01

11

21

31

41

51

61

71

81

92

02

12

22

32

42

52

62

72

82

93

03

13

23

33

43

53

63

73

83

94

04

14

24

34

44

54

64

74

84

95

05

15

2#

VA

LU

E!

(bla

nk)

Count of weeknumber

weeknumber

Page 40: MidAtlantic Native Bee Phenology

Agapostemon sericeus

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 91

01

11

21

31

41

51

61

71

81

92

02

12

22

32

42

52

62

72

82

93

03

13

23

33

43

53

63

73

83

94

04

14

24

34

44

54

64

74

84

95

05

15

2(b

lank

)

Count of weeknumber

weeknumber

Page 41: MidAtlantic Native Bee Phenology

Agapostemon splendens

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 91

01

11

21

31

41

51

61

71

81

92

02

12

22

32

42

52

62

72

82

93

03

13

23

33

43

53

63

73

83

94

04

14

24

34

44

54

64

74

84

95

05

15

2(b

lank

)

Count of weeknumber

weeknumber

Page 42: MidAtlantic Native Bee Phenology

Agapostemon texanus

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 91

01

11

21

31

41

51

61

71

81

92

02

12

22

32

42

52

62

72

82

93

03

13

23

33

43

53

63

73

83

94

04

14

24

34

44

54

64

74

84

95

05

15

2(b

lan

k)

Count of weeknumber

weeknumber

Page 43: MidAtlantic Native Bee Phenology

Agapostemon virescens

0

50

100

150

200

250

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 91

01

11

21

31

41

51

61

71

81

92

02

12

22

32

42

52

62

72

82

93

03

13

23

33

43

53

63

73

83

94

04

14

24

34

44

54

64

74

84

95

05

15

2#

VA

LU

E!

(bla

nk)

Count of weeknumber

weeknumber

Page 44: MidAtlantic Native Bee Phenology

Andrena asteroides

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 91

01

11

21

31

41

51

61

71

81

92

02

12

22

32

42

52

62

72

82

93

03

13

23

33

43

53

63

73

83

94

04

14

24

34

44

54

64

74

84

95

05

15

2(b

lank

)

Count of weeknumber

weeknumber

Page 45: MidAtlantic Native Bee Phenology

Andrena banksi

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 91

01

11

21

31

41

51

61

71

81

92

02

12

22

32

42

52

62

72

82

93

03

13

23

33

43

53

63

73

83

94

04

14

24

34

44

54

64

74

84

95

05

15

2(b

lank

)

Count of weeknumber

weeknumber

Page 46: MidAtlantic Native Bee Phenology

Andrena barbara

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 91

01

11

21

31

41

51

61

71

81

92

02

12

22

32

42

52

62

72

82

93

03

13

23

33

43

53

63

73

83

94

04

14

24

34

44

54

64

74

84

95

05

15

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)

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weeknumber

Page 47: MidAtlantic Native Bee Phenology

Andrena bradleyi

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

3

3.5

4

4.5

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 91

01

11

21

31

41

51

61

71

81

92

02

12

22

32

42

52

62

72

82

93

03

13

23

33

43

53

63

73

83

94

04

14

24

34

44

54

64

74

84

95

05

15

2(b

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)

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weeknumber

Page 48: MidAtlantic Native Bee Phenology

Andrena carlini

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 91

01

11

21

31

41

51

61

71

81

92

02

12

22

32

42

52

62

72

82

93

03

13

23

33

43

53

63

73

83

94

04

14

24

34

44

54

64

74

84

95

05

15

2(b

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)

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weeknumber

Page 49: MidAtlantic Native Bee Phenology

Andrena fenningeri

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 91

01

11

21

31

41

51

61

71

81

92

02

12

22

32

42

52

62

72

82

93

03

13

23

33

43

53

63

73

83

94

04

14

24

34

44

54

64

74

84

95

05

15

2(b

lank

)

Count of weeknumber

weeknumber

Page 50: MidAtlantic Native Bee Phenology

Andrena cressonii

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 91

01

11

21

31

41

51

61

71

81

92

02

12

22

32

42

52

62

72

82

93

03

13

23

33

43

53

63

73

83

94

04

14

24

34

44

54

64

74

84

95

05

15

2(b

lank

)

Count of weeknumber

weeknumber

Page 51: MidAtlantic Native Bee Phenology

Andrena erigeniae

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 91

01

11

21

31

41

51

61

71

81

92

02

12

22

32

42

52

62

72

82

93

03

13

23

33

43

53

63

73

83

94

04

14

24

34

44

54

64

74

84

95

05

15

2#

VA

LU

E!

(bla

nk)

Count of weeknumber

weeknumber

Page 52: MidAtlantic Native Bee Phenology

Andrena imitatrix

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 91

01

11

21

31

41

51

61

71

81

92

02

12

22

32

42

52

62

72

82

93

03

13

23

33

43

53

63

73

83

94

04

14

24

34

44

54

64

74

84

95

05

15

2(b

lan

k)

Count of weeknumber

weeknumber

Page 53: MidAtlantic Native Bee Phenology

Andrena miserabilis

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

180

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 91

01

11

21

31

41

51

61

71

81

92

02

12

22

32

42

52

62

72

82

93

03

13

23

33

43

53

63

73

83

94

04

14

24

34

44

54

64

74

84

95

05

15

2(b

lank

)

Count of weeknumber

weeknumber

Page 54: MidAtlantic Native Bee Phenology

Andrena nasonii

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 91

01

11

21

31

41

51

61

71

81

92

02

12

22

32

42

52

62

72

82

93

03

13

23

33

43

53

63

73

83

94

04

14

24

34

44

54

64

74

84

95

05

15

2#

VA

LU

E!

(bla

nk)

Count of weeknumber

weeknumber

Page 55: MidAtlantic Native Bee Phenology

Andrena nigrae

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 91

01

11

21

31

41

51

61

71

81

92

02

12

22

32

42

52

62

72

82

93

03

13

23

33

43

53

63

73

83

94

04

14

24

34

44

54

64

74

84

95

05

15

2(b

lank

)

Count of weeknumber

weeknumber

Page 56: MidAtlantic Native Bee Phenology

Andrena perplexa

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 91

01

11

21

31

41

51

61

71

81

92

02

12

22

32

42

52

62

72

82

93

03

13

23

33

43

53

63

73

83

94

04

14

24

34

44

54

64

74

84

95

05

15

2(b

lan

k)

Count of weeknumber

weeknumber

Page 57: MidAtlantic Native Bee Phenology

Andrena personata

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 91

01

11

21

31

41

51

61

71

81

92

02

12

22

32

42

52

62

72

82

93

03

13

23

33

43

53

63

73

83

94

04

14

24

34

44

54

64

74

84

95

05

15

2#

VA

LU

E!

(bla

nk)

Count of weeknumber

weeknumber

Page 58: MidAtlantic Native Bee Phenology

Andrena pruni

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 91

01

11

21

31

41

51

61

71

81

92

02

12

22

32

42

52

62

72

82

93

03

13

23

33

43

53

63

73

83

94

04

14

24

34

44

54

64

74

84

95

05

15

2(b

lank

)

Count of weeknumber

weeknumber

Page 59: MidAtlantic Native Bee Phenology

Andrena tridens

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 91

01

11

21

31

41

51

61

71

81

92

02

12

22

32

42

52

62

72

82

93

03

13

23

33

43

53

63

73

83

94

04

14

24

34

44

54

64

74

84

95

05

15

2(b

lan

k)

Count of weeknumber

weeknumber

Page 60: MidAtlantic Native Bee Phenology

Andrena vicina

0

5

10

15

20

25

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 91

01

11

21

31

41

51

61

71

81

92

02

12

22

32

42

52

62

72

82

93

03

13

23

33

43

53

63

73

83

94

04

14

24

34

44

54

64

74

84

95

05

15

2(b

lank

)

Count of weeknumber

weeknumber

Page 61: MidAtlantic Native Bee Phenology

Andrena violae

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 91

01

11

21

31

41

51

61

71

81

92

02

12

22

32

42

52

62

72

82

93

03

13

23

33

43

53

63

73

83

94

04

14

24

34

44

54

64

74

84

95

05

15

2(b

lank

)

Count of weeknumber

weeknumber

Page 62: MidAtlantic Native Bee Phenology

Andrena ziziaeformis

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 91

01

11

21

31

41

51

61

71

81

92

02

12

22

32

42

52

62

72

82

93

03

13

23

33

43

53

63

73

83

94

04

14

24

34

44

54

64

74

84

95

05

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weeknumber

Page 63: MidAtlantic Native Bee Phenology

Anthidiellum notatum

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 91

01

11

21

31

41

51

61

71

81

92

02

12

22

32

42

52

62

72

82

93

03

13

23

33

43

53

63

73

83

94

04

14

24

34

44

54

64

74

84

95

05

15

2(b

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weeknumber

Page 64: MidAtlantic Native Bee Phenology

Anthidium oblongatum

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 91

01

11

21

31

41

51

61

71

81

92

02

12

22

32

42

52

62

72

82

93

03

13

23

33

43

53

63

73

83

94

04

14

24

34

44

54

64

74

84

95

05

15

2(b

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)

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weeknumber

Page 65: MidAtlantic Native Bee Phenology

Anthophora abrupta

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 91

01

11

21

31

41

51

61

71

81

92

02

12

22

32

42

52

62

72

82

93

03

13

23

33

43

53

63

73

83

94

04

14

24

34

44

54

64

74

84

95

05

15

2(b

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)

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weeknumber

Page 66: MidAtlantic Native Bee Phenology

Anthophora plumipes

0

5

10

15

20

25

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 91

01

11

21

31

41

51

61

71

81

92

02

12

22

32

42

52

62

72

82

93

03

13

23

33

43

53

63

73

83

94

04

14

24

34

44

54

64

74

84

95

05

15

2(b

lan

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weeknumber

Page 67: MidAtlantic Native Bee Phenology

Augochlora pura

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 91

01

11

21

31

41

51

61

71

81

92

02

12

22

32

42

52

62

72

82

93

03

13

23

33

43

53

63

73

83

94

04

14

24

34

44

54

64

74

84

95

05

15

2#

VA

LU

E!

(bla

nk)

Count of weeknumber

weeknumber

Page 68: MidAtlantic Native Bee Phenology

Augochlorella aurata

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 91

01

11

21

31

41

51

61

71

81

92

02

12

22

32

42

52

62

72

82

93

03

13

23

33

43

53

63

73

83

94

04

14

24

34

44

54

64

74

84

95

05

15

2#

VA

LU

E!

(bla

nk)

Count of weeknumber

weeknumber

Page 69: MidAtlantic Native Bee Phenology

Augochlorella metallica

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 91

01

11

21

31

41

51

61

71

81

92

02

12

22

32

42

52

62

72

82

93

03

13

23

33

43

53

63

73

83

94

04

14

24

34

44

54

64

74

84

95

05

15

2(b

lank

)

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weeknumber

Page 70: MidAtlantic Native Bee Phenology

Bombus bimaculatus

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 91

01

11

21

31

41

51

61

71

81

92

02

12

22

32

42

52

62

72

82

93

03

13

23

33

43

53

63

73

83

94

04

14

24

34

44

54

64

74

84

95

05

15

2#

VA

LU

E!

(bla

nk)

Count of weeknumber

weeknumber

Page 71: MidAtlantic Native Bee Phenology

Bombus citrinus

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 91

01

11

21

31

41

51

61

71

81

92

02

12

22

32

42

52

62

72

82

93

03

13

23

33

43

53

63

73

83

94

04

14

24

34

44

54

64

74

84

95

05

15

2(b

lank

)

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weeknumber

Page 72: MidAtlantic Native Bee Phenology

Bombus fervidus

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 91

01

11

21

31

41

51

61

71

81

92

02

12

22

32

42

52

62

72

82

93

03

13

23

33

43

53

63

73

83

94

04

14

24

34

44

54

64

74

84

95

05

15

2(b

lank

)

Count of weeknumber

weeknumber

Page 73: MidAtlantic Native Bee Phenology

Bombus griseocolis

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 91

01

11

21

31

41

51

61

71

81

92

02

12

22

32

42

52

62

72

82

93

03

13

23

33

43

53

63

73

83

94

04

14

24

34

44

54

64

74

84

95

05

15

2#

VA

LU

E!

(bla

nk)

Count of weeknumber

weeknumber

Page 74: MidAtlantic Native Bee Phenology

Bombus impatiens

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 91

01

11

21

31

41

51

61

71

81

92

02

12

22

32

42

52

62

72

82

93

03

13

23

33

43

53

63

73

83

94

04

14

24

34

44

54

64

74

84

95

05

15

2#

VA

LU

E!

(bla

nk)

Count of weeknumber

weeknumber

Page 75: MidAtlantic Native Bee Phenology

Bombus pensylvanicus

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 91

01

11

21

31

41

51

61

71

81

92

02

12

22

32

42

52

62

72

82

93

03

13

23

33

43

53

63

73

83

94

04

14

24

34

44

54

64

74

84

95

05

15

2(b

lank

)

Count of weeknumber

weeknumber

Page 76: MidAtlantic Native Bee Phenology

Bombus perplexus

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 91

01

11

21

31

41

51

61

71

81

92

02

12

22

32

42

52

62

72

82

93

03

13

23

33

43

53

63

73

83

94

04

14

24

34

44

54

64

74

84

95

05

15

2#

VA

LU

E!

(bla

nk)

Count of weeknumber

weeknumber

Page 77: MidAtlantic Native Bee Phenology

Bombus vagans

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

3

3.5

4

4.5

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 91

01

11

21

31

41

51

61

71

81

92

02

12

22

32

42

52

62

72

82

93

03

13

23

33

43

53

63

73

83

94

04

14

24

34

44

54

64

74

84

95

05

15

2#

VA

LU

E!

(bla

nk)

Count of weeknumber

weeknumber

Page 78: MidAtlantic Native Bee Phenology

Calliopsis andreniformis

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 91

01

11

21

31

41

51

61

71

81

92

02

12

22

32

42

52

62

72

82

93

03

13

23

33

43

53

63

73

83

94

04

14

24

34

44

54

64

74

84

95

05

15

2(b

lan

k)

Count of weeknumber

weeknumber

Page 79: MidAtlantic Native Bee Phenology

Ceratina calcarata

0

50

100

150

200

250

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 91

01

11

21

31

41

51

61

71

81

92

02

12

22

32

42

52

62

72

82

93

03

13

23

33

43

53

63

73

83

94

04

14

24

34

44

54

64

74

84

95

05

15

2#

VA

LU

E!

(bla

nk)

Count of weeknumber

weeknumber

Page 80: MidAtlantic Native Bee Phenology

Ceratina dupla

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 91

01

11

21

31

41

51

61

71

81

92

02

12

22

32

42

52

62

72

82

93

03

13

23

33

43

53

63

73

83

94

04

14

24

34

44

54

64

74

84

95

05

15

2#

VA

LU

E!

(bla

nk)

Count of weeknumber

weeknumber

Page 81: MidAtlantic Native Bee Phenology

Ceratina strenua

0

50

100

150

200

250

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 91

01

11

21

31

41

51

61

71

81

92

02

12

22

32

42

52

62

72

82

93

03

13

23

33

43

53

63

73

83

94

04

14

24

34

44

54

64

74

84

95

05

15

2#

VA

LU

E!

(bla

nk)

Count of weeknumber

weeknumber

Page 82: MidAtlantic Native Bee Phenology

Coelioxys sayi

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 91

01

11

21

31

41

51

61

71

81

92

02

12

22

32

42

52

62

72

82

93

03

13

23

33

43

53

63

73

83

94

04

14

24

34

44

54

64

74

84

95

05

15

2#

VA

LU

E!

(bla

nk)

Count of weeknumber

weeknumber

Page 83: MidAtlantic Native Bee Phenology

Colletes americanus

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

3

3.5

4

4.5

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 91

01

11

21

31

41

51

61

71

81

92

02

12

22

32

42

52

62

72

82

93

03

13

23

33

43

53

63

73

83

94

04

14

24

34

44

54

64

74

84

95

05

15

2(b

lank

)

Count of weeknumber

weeknumber

Page 84: MidAtlantic Native Bee Phenology

Colletes inaequalis

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 91

01

11

21

31

41

51

61

71

81

92

02

12

22

32

42

52

62

72

82

93

03

13

23

33

43

53

63

73

83

94

04

14

24

34

44

54

64

74

84

95

05

15

2#

VA

LU

E!

(bla

nk)

Count of weeknumber

weeknumber

Page 85: MidAtlantic Native Bee Phenology

Colletes thoracicus

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 91

01

11

21

31

41

51

61

71

81

92

02

12

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32

42

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62

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82

93

03

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53

63

73

83

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Page 86: MidAtlantic Native Bee Phenology

Dieunomia heteropoda

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 91

01

11

21

31

41

51

61

71

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92

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62

72

82

93

03

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63

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Page 87: MidAtlantic Native Bee Phenology

Eucera dubitata

0

1

2

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4

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6

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8

9

10

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 91

01

11

21

31

41

51

61

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92

02

12

22

32

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52

62

72

82

93

03

13

23

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53

63

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Page 88: MidAtlantic Native Bee Phenology

Eucera hamata

0

5

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30

35

40

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 91

01

11

21

31

41

51

61

71

81

92

02

12

22

32

42

52

62

72

82

93

03

13

23

33

43

53

63

73

83

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Page 89: MidAtlantic Native Bee Phenology

Habropoda laboriosa

0

2

4

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8

10

12

14

16

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 91

01

11

21

31

41

51

61

71

81

92

02

12

22

32

42

52

62

72

82

93

03

13

23

33

43

53

63

73

83

94

04

14

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Page 90: MidAtlantic Native Bee Phenology

Halictus confusus

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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 91

01

11

21

31

41

51

61

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81

92

02

12

22

32

42

52

62

72

82

93

03

13

23

33

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53

63

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83

94

04

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Page 91: MidAtlantic Native Bee Phenology

Halictus rubicundus

0

2

4

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8

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12

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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 91

01

11

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51

61

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92

02

12

22

32

42

52

62

72

82

93

03

13

23

33

43

53

63

73

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04

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Page 92: MidAtlantic Native Bee Phenology

Hoplitis pilosifrons

0

5

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20

25

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 91

01

11

21

31

41

51

61

71

81

92

02

12

22

32

42

52

62

72

82

93

03

13

23

33

43

53

63

73

83

94

04

14

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Page 93: MidAtlantic Native Bee Phenology

Hoplitis producta

0

5

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30

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 91

01

11

21

31

41

51

61

71

81

92

02

12

22

32

42

52

62

72

82

93

03

13

23

33

43

53

63

73

83

94

04

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Page 94: MidAtlantic Native Bee Phenology

Hoplitis simplex

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 91

01

11

21

31

41

51

61

71

81

92

02

12

22

32

42

52

62

72

82

93

03

13

23

33

43

53

63

73

83

94

04

14

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Page 95: MidAtlantic Native Bee Phenology

Hoplitis spoliata

0

5

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25

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 91

01

11

21

31

41

51

61

71

81

92

02

12

22

32

42

52

62

72

82

93

03

13

23

33

43

53

63

73

83

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04

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Page 96: MidAtlantic Native Bee Phenology

Hylaeus mesillae

0

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30

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 91

01

11

21

31

41

51

61

71

81

92

02

12

22

32

42

52

62

72

82

93

03

13

23

33

43

53

63

73

83

94

04

14

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Page 97: MidAtlantic Native Bee Phenology

Hylaeus ornatus

0

5

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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 91

01

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81

92

02

12

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32

42

52

62

72

82

93

03

13

23

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53

63

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Page 98: MidAtlantic Native Bee Phenology

Lasioglossum males – Note that very few males of the Dialictus groups were identified to species and thus do not

appear in the Lasioglossum species graphs

0

10

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80

90

100

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 91

01

11

21

31

41

51

61

71

81

92

02

12

22

32

42

52

62

72

82

93

03

13

23

33

43

53

63

73

83

94

04

14

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Page 99: MidAtlantic Native Bee Phenology

Lasioglossum bruneri

0

50

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250

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 91

01

11

21

31

41

51

61

71

81

92

02

12

22

32

42

52

62

72

82

93

03

13

23

33

43

53

63

73

83

94

04

14

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Page 100: MidAtlantic Native Bee Phenology

Lasioglossum cattellae

0

2

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8

10

12

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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 91

01

11

21

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51

61

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92

02

12

22

32

42

52

62

72

82

93

03

13

23

33

43

53

63

73

83

94

04

14

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Page 101: MidAtlantic Native Bee Phenology

Lasioglossum coeruleum

0

2

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8

10

12

14

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 91

01

11

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31

41

51

61

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81

92

02

12

22

32

42

52

62

72

82

93

03

13

23

33

43

53

63

73

83

94

04

14

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Page 102: MidAtlantic Native Bee Phenology

Lasioglossum coreopsis

0

5

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40

45

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 91

01

11

21

31

41

51

61

71

81

92

02

12

22

32

42

52

62

72

82

93

03

13

23

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43

53

63

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04

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Page 103: MidAtlantic Native Bee Phenology

Lasioglossum cressonii

0

5

10

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30

35

40

45

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 91

01

11

21

31

41

51

61

71

81

92

02

12

22

32

42

52

62

72

82

93

03

13

23

33

43

53

63

73

83

94

04

14

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64

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Page 104: MidAtlantic Native Bee Phenology

Lasioglossum fuscipenne

0

5

10

15

20

25

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 91

01

11

21

31

41

51

61

71

81

92

02

12

22

32

42

52

62

72

82

93

03

13

23

33

43

53

63

73

83

94

04

14

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34

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Page 105: MidAtlantic Native Bee Phenology

Lasioglossum illinoense

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 91

01

11

21

31

41

51

61

71

81

92

02

12

22

32

42

52

62

72

82

93

03

13

23

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43

53

63

73

83

94

04

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Page 106: MidAtlantic Native Bee Phenology

Lasioglossum imitatum

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 91

01

11

21

31

41

51

61

71

81

92

02

12

22

32

42

52

62

72

82

93

03

13

23

33

43

53

63

73

83

94

04

14

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44

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64

74

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95

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Page 107: MidAtlantic Native Bee Phenology

Lasioglossum leucozonium

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 91

01

11

21

31

41

51

61

71

81

92

02

12

22

32

42

52

62

72

82

93

03

13

23

33

43

53

63

73

83

94

04

14

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Page 108: MidAtlantic Native Bee Phenology

Lasioglossum macoupinense

0

5

10

15

20

25

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 91

01

11

21

31

41

51

61

71

81

92

02

12

22

32

42

52

62

72

82

93

03

13

23

33

43

53

63

73

83

94

04

14

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Page 109: MidAtlantic Native Bee Phenology

Lasioglossum nelumbonis

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 91

01

11

21

31

41

51

61

71

81

92

02

12

22

32

42

52

62

72

82

93

03

13

23

33

43

53

63

73

83

94

04

14

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Page 110: MidAtlantic Native Bee Phenology

Lasioglossum nymphaearum

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 91

01

11

21

31

41

51

61

71

81

92

02

12

22

32

42

52

62

72

82

93

03

13

23

33

43

53

63

73

83

94

04

14

24

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44

54

64

74

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nk)

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Page 111: MidAtlantic Native Bee Phenology

Lasioglossum pectorale

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 91

01

11

21

31

41

51

61

71

81

92

02

12

22

32

42

52

62

72

82

93

03

13

23

33

43

53

63

73

83

94

04

14

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34

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Page 112: MidAtlantic Native Bee Phenology

Lasioglossum pilosum

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 91

01

11

21

31

41

51

61

71

81

92

02

12

22

32

42

52

62

72

82

93

03

13

23

33

43

53

63

73

83

94

04

14

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64

74

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95

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Page 113: MidAtlantic Native Bee Phenology

Lasioglossum platyparium

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 91

01

11

21

31

41

51

61

71

81

92

02

12

22

32

42

52

62

72

82

93

03

13

23

33

43

53

63

73

83

94

04

14

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Page 114: MidAtlantic Native Bee Phenology

Lasioglossum quebecensce

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 91

01

11

21

31

41

51

61

71

81

92

02

12

22

32

42

52

62

72

82

93

03

13

23

33

43

53

63

73

83

94

04

14

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44

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Page 115: MidAtlantic Native Bee Phenology

Lasioglossum tegulare

0

50

100

150

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250

300

350

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 91

01

11

21

31

41

51

61

71

81

92

02

12

22

32

42

52

62

72

82

93

03

13

23

33

43

53

63

73

83

94

04

14

24

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44

54

64

74

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05

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nk)

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weeknumber

Page 116: MidAtlantic Native Bee Phenology

Lasioglossum vierecki

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 91

01

11

21

31

41

51

61

71

81

92

02

12

22

32

42

52

62

72

82

93

03

13

23

33

43

53

63

73

83

94

04

14

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Page 117: MidAtlantic Native Bee Phenology

Lasioglossum zephyrum

0

5

10

15

20

25

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 91

01

11

21

31

41

51

61

71

81

92

02

12

22

32

42

52

62

72

82

93

03

13

23

33

43

53

63

73

83

94

04

14

24

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44

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64

74

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nk)

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Page 118: MidAtlantic Native Bee Phenology

Megachile brevis

0

5

10

15

20

25

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 91

01

11

21

31

41

51

61

71

81

92

02

12

22

32

42

52

62

72

82

93

03

13

23

33

43

53

63

73

83

94

04

14

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Page 119: MidAtlantic Native Bee Phenology

Megachile campanulae

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

3

3.5

4

4.5

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 91

01

11

21

31

41

51

61

71

81

92

02

12

22

32

42

52

62

72

82

93

03

13

23

33

43

53

63

73

83

94

04

14

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64

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nk)

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Page 120: MidAtlantic Native Bee Phenology

Megachile exilis

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 91

01

11

21

31

41

51

61

71

81

92

02

12

22

32

42

52

62

72

82

93

03

13

23

33

43

53

63

73

83

94

04

14

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44

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64

74

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Page 121: MidAtlantic Native Bee Phenology

Megachile mendica

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 91

01

11

21

31

41

51

61

71

81

92

02

12

22

32

42

52

62

72

82

93

03

13

23

33

43

53

63

73

83

94

04

14

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Page 122: MidAtlantic Native Bee Phenology

Megachile rotundata

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 91

01

11

21

31

41

51

61

71

81

92

02

12

22

32

42

52

62

72

82

93

03

13

23

33

43

53

63

73

83

94

04

14

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44

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Page 123: MidAtlantic Native Bee Phenology

Megachile sculpturalis

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 91

01

11

21

31

41

51

61

71

81

92

02

12

22

32

42

52

62

72

82

93

03

13

23

33

43

53

63

73

83

94

04

14

24

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44

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Page 124: MidAtlantic Native Bee Phenology

Melissodes bimaculata

0

100

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300

400

500

600

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 91

01

11

21

31

41

51

61

71

81

92

02

12

22

32

42

52

62

72

82

93

03

13

23

33

43

53

63

73

83

94

04

14

24

34

44

54

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Page 125: MidAtlantic Native Bee Phenology

Melissodes comptoides

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 91

01

11

21

31

41

51

61

71

81

92

02

12

22

32

42

52

62

72

82

93

03

13

23

33

43

53

63

73

83

94

04

14

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34

44

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Page 126: MidAtlantic Native Bee Phenology

Melissodes denticulata

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

20

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 91

01

11

21

31

41

51

61

71

81

92

02

12

22

32

42

52

62

72

82

93

03

13

23

33

43

53

63

73

83

94

04

14

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Page 127: MidAtlantic Native Bee Phenology

Melissodes dentiventris

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 91

01

11

21

31

41

51

61

71

81

92

02

12

22

32

42

52

62

72

82

93

03

13

23

33

43

53

63

73

83

94

04

14

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34

44

54

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74

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Page 128: MidAtlantic Native Bee Phenology

Melissodes desponsa

0

5

10

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20

25

30

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 91

01

11

21

31

41

51

61

71

81

92

02

12

22

32

42

52

62

72

82

93

03

13

23

33

43

53

63

73

83

94

04

14

24

34

44

54

64

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Page 129: MidAtlantic Native Bee Phenology

Melissodes druriella

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

20

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 91

01

11

21

31

41

51

61

71

81

92

02

12

22

32

42

52

62

72

82

93

03

13

23

33

43

53

63

73

83

94

04

14

24

34

44

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Page 130: MidAtlantic Native Bee Phenology

Melissodes trinodis

0

50

100

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300

350

400

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 91

01

11

21

31

41

51

61

71

81

92

02

12

22

32

42

52

62

72

82

93

03

13

23

33

43

53

63

73

83

94

04

14

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44

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Page 131: MidAtlantic Native Bee Phenology

Melitoma taurea

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 91

01

11

21

31

41

51

61

71

81

92

02

12

22

32

42

52

62

72

82

93

03

13

23

33

43

53

63

73

83

94

04

14

24

34

44

54

64

74

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Page 132: MidAtlantic Native Bee Phenology

Osmia atriventris

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 91

01

11

21

31

41

51

61

71

81

92

02

12

22

32

42

52

62

72

82

93

03

13

23

33

43

53

63

73

83

94

04

14

24

34

44

54

64

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Page 133: MidAtlantic Native Bee Phenology

Osmia bucephala

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 91

01

11

21

31

41

51

61

71

81

92

02

12

22

32

42

52

62

72

82

93

03

13

23

33

43

53

63

73

83

94

04

14

24

34

44

54

64

74

84

95

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Page 134: MidAtlantic Native Bee Phenology

Osmia collinsiae

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 91

01

11

21

31

41

51

61

71

81

92

02

12

22

32

42

52

62

72

82

93

03

13

23

33

43

53

63

73

83

94

04

14

24

34

44

54

64

74

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95

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Page 135: MidAtlantic Native Bee Phenology

Osmia conjuncta

0

5

10

15

20

25

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 91

01

11

21

31

41

51

61

71

81

92

02

12

22

32

42

52

62

72

82

93

03

13

23

33

43

53

63

73

83

94

04

14

24

34

44

54

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Page 136: MidAtlantic Native Bee Phenology

Osmia cornifrons

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 91

01

11

21

31

41

51

61

71

81

92

02

12

22

32

42

52

62

72

82

93

03

13

23

33

43

53

63

73

83

94

04

14

24

34

44

54

64

74

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Page 137: MidAtlantic Native Bee Phenology

Osmia georgica

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 91

01

11

21

31

41

51

61

71

81

92

02

12

22

32

42

52

62

72

82

93

03

13

23

33

43

53

63

73

83

94

04

14

24

34

44

54

64

74

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95

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Page 138: MidAtlantic Native Bee Phenology

Osmia lignaria

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 91

01

11

21

31

41

51

61

71

81

92

02

12

22

32

42

52

62

72

82

93

03

13

23

33

43

53

63

73

83

94

04

14

24

34

44

54

64

74

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95

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Page 139: MidAtlantic Native Bee Phenology

Osmia pumila

0

50

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250

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 91

01

11

21

31

41

51

61

71

81

92

02

12

22

32

42

52

62

72

82

93

03

13

23

33

43

53

63

73

83

94

04

14

24

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44

54

64

74

84

95

05

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2#

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(bla

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Page 140: MidAtlantic Native Bee Phenology

Osmia taurus

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 91

01

11

21

31

41

51

61

71

81

92

02

12

22

32

42

52

62

72

82

93

03

13

23

33

43

53

63

73

83

94

04

14

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Page 141: MidAtlantic Native Bee Phenology

Panurginus atramontensis

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 91

01

11

21

31

41

51

61

71

81

92

02

12

22

32

42

52

62

72

82

93

03

13

23

33

43

53

63

73

83

94

04

14

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Page 142: MidAtlantic Native Bee Phenology

Panurginus potentillae

0

5

10

15

20

25

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 91

01

11

21

31

41

51

61

71

81

92

02

12

22

32

42

52

62

72

82

93

03

13

23

33

43

53

63

73

83

94

04

14

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44

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Page 143: MidAtlantic Native Bee Phenology

Peponapis pruinosa

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 91

01

11

21

31

41

51

61

71

81

92

02

12

22

32

42

52

62

72

82

93

03

13

23

33

43

53

63

73

83

94

04

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Page 144: MidAtlantic Native Bee Phenology

Ptilothrix bombiformis

0

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20

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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 91

01

11

21

31

41

51

61

71

81

92

02

12

22

32

42

52

62

72

82

93

03

13

23

33

43

53

63

73

83

94

04

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Page 145: MidAtlantic Native Bee Phenology

Xylocopa virginica

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 91

01

11

21

31

41

51

61

71

81

92

02

12

22

32

42

52

62

72

82

93

03

13

23

33

43

53

63

73

83

94

04

14

24

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64

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95

05

15

2(b

lank

)

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weeknumber