Spoken & prounuciation lesson 14

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Spoken & Pronunciation Course

221

Part 01 Pronunciation skills

Lesson 1.1

British English Vs. American English (words)

British American British American Biscuit Cookie Flat Apartment

Lift Elevator Lorry Truck Mobile phone Cell phone Crisps Chips

Café Diner Aerial Antenna Barrister Lawyer Chemist Pharmacist

Concession Discount Current account Checking account Dialing code Area code Engaged tone Busy signal

Fag Cigarette Indicator Turn signal Limited (Ltd) Incorporated MD CEO

Pavement Sidewalk Ring Call Rubbish Garbage Torch Flashlight Patrol Gasoline Zed Zee

British English Vs. American English (words) Word British American Word British American

Fast Last Past Vast Blast Master News Nuclear Water Potter Better Later Letter Flutter Thirty Potato

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Tongue Twister for fluency

Betty Botter had some butter, “But” she said “this butter’s bitter, If I back this bitter butter, It would make my butter bitter. But a bit of bitter butter that would make my batter better So she bought a bit of butter And she backed it in her batter And the batter was not bitter So ‘twas better Betty Botter Bought a bit of better butter.

Lesson 2.1

If there is ‘cial’ or ‘tial’ at the end of any words it will sound like//kj No. Words/phrases Transcription No. Words/phrases Transcription

01. Official 09. Asocial (AmvgvwRK) 02. Commercial 10. Facial tissue 03. Artificial 11. Essential 04. Crucial 12. Initial 05. Special 13. Potential 06. Financial 14. Confidential 07. Judicial 15. Influential 08. Social 16. Presidential

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Why contraction?

English is a swift language. Whenever a native speaker speaks rapidly he pronounces content words strongly and structure words lightly. For this structure words have a tendency to be contracted. It’s called Contraction Example: - I am a student. In these sentence we, the non-native speakers take pause after every words but a native speaker pronounce I, am, a, together and say these three words just like one word. AvBgv (not AvB Gg G)

Importance: -

1. Contraction will make your speaking natural. 2. It will bring fluency in your speaking.

Contraction of be verb

I am I’m I’m a doctor

We are We’re We’re going there

You are You’re You’re students

He is He’s He’s trying to going there.

She is She’s She’s is a good girl

They are They’re They’re my mentors

It is It’s It’s a phonetics book

What is What’s What’s your father?

When is When’s When’s he going there

Where is Where’s Where’s the LODESTAR?

Why is Why’s Why’s he doing this?

How is How’s How’s the class?

Who is Who’s Who’s the leader?

That is That’s That’s not right

There is There’s There’s a nice lecture sheet

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Here is Here’s Here’s the pencil

I will/shall I’ll I’ll help you

We will We’ll We’ll remember you

You will You’ll You’ll be punctual

He will He’ll He’ll do that for you

She will She’ll She’ll go to LODESTAR

It will It’ll It’ll be an NGO

They will They’ll They’ll be studious

Who will Who’ll Who’ll conduct the class?

How will How’ll How’ll they do that?

What will What’ll Do you know what’ll happen?

That will That’ll That’ll Certainly happen

Where will Where’ll Where’ll be the education fair?

Why will Why’ll Why’ll you go there?

Is not Isn’t Isn’t he doing that?

Are not Aren’t They aren’t move a bite

Was not Wasn’t I wasn’t prepare my study

Were not Weren’t They weren’t present in the class

Will not Won’t I won’t be home before midnight

Shall not Shan’t I shan’t be going in the party

Contraction of Do verb Do not Don’t Don’t be impatient

Did not Didn’t I didn’t pay the fee

Does not Doesn’t He does not go home

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Contraction of Have verb

I have I’ve I’ve a computer

I had I’d I’d done it before

We have We’ve We’ve help the poor

We had We’d We’d done whatever we can

You have You’ve You’ve kept your word

You had You’d You’d done the best

He has He’s He’s tried to contact us

He had He’d He’d Played tennis

She has She’s She’s worn the new dress

She had She’d She’d done the work

They have They’ve They’ve come to visit our office

They had They’d They’d counted all things

It has It’s It’s covered everything

It had It’d It’d been done duly

What has What’s What’s happened?

What had What’d What’d happened

Where has Where’s Where’s the file

Where had Where’d Where’d your bag

How has How’s How’s manifested?

Who has Who’s Who’s made the mistake?

Have not Haven’t Haven’t finished my reading

Has not Hasn’t It hasn’t rained for six days.

Had not Hadn’t I hadn’t seem him

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Contraction of Modals I would I’d I’d do that

We would We’d We’d do whatever we can

You would You’d You’d do your best

He would He’d He’d like to play football

She would She’d She’d done the work

It would It’d It’d be better

They would They’d They’d manage it

That would That’d That’d be fine

What would What’d What’d better?

Who would Who’d Who’d be there to serve them?

Could have Could’ve Nothing could’ve be better

Might have Might’ve He might’ve done it alone

Should have Should’ve I should’ve go home

Can not Can’t Sorry, I can’t to the sum

Could not Couldn’t He couldn’t arrive in time.

May not Mayn’t It mayn’t rain today

Might not Mightn’t It mightn’t happen

Would not Wouldn’t I wouldn’t have said that

Should not Shouldn’t I shouldn’t have said that

Must not Mustn’t You mustn’t go there

Ought not Oughtn’t You oughtn’t to have shouted at us

Need not Needn’t You needn’t have done this

Dare not Daren’t I daren’t do anything.

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Part 02 Spoken Skills

Lesson 2.1 02. Non finite verbal phrases: At a glance

Step – 1 Fluency in non finite verbal phrases

No. Non finite Sentences 1. to do Ki‡Z/ Kiv

to go/to know/to be/to smoke etc. I have come here to learn (wkL‡Z) English. To take bribe (Nyl LvIqv) is a social crime.

2. doing Kwiqv reaching home- having a cup of tea- going there- learning English- being happy/angry/fluent-

Doing the work, I will go there. I will call you reaching home. Wait, I am coming having a cup of tea. I was surprised going there. Being fluent in English, I got the promotion.

3. doing Ki‡Z I saw him crying (Kv`‡Z). I saw him standing in front of TSC.

4. doing Ki‡Z Ki‡Z She came to me dancing (bvP‡Z bvP‡Z) She talked with me smiling. He entered the room speaking over mobile.

5. to do/ in order to do/ for doing Kivi Rb¨/ Kivi D‡Ï‡k¨

for learning- for being –

for understanding-

I have come here to learn English. I have come here in order to learn English. I have come here for learning English. I have taken admission at LODESTAR for being a fluent speaker.

6. By doing Kivi gva¨‡g/ Kivi Øviv /Kwiqv by doing the course- by helping the poor people-

I believe that you will be a fluent speaker by doing this course.

7. Because of doing Kivi Kvi‡Y because of coming late-

I couldn’t go there because of raining.

8. As a result of doing Kivi d‡j as a result of working hard- as a result of being patient-

as a result of getting the chance-

I became a fluent speaker as a result of practising a lot. He cut a very good figure in the exam as a result of working hard.

9. At the time of doing Kivi mg‡q at the time of studying-

You are not allowed to smoke at the time of working.

10. While doing Kivi mg‡q Don’t disturb me while studying. 11. Before doing Kivi c~‡e© Think well before taking any decision. 12. After doing Kivi c‡i I will meet you after completing the work. 13. On the basis of doing Kivi wfwË‡Z You will be given the job on the basis of

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working hard. 14. On condition of doing Kivi k‡Z©/ Ki‡j

You will be given the job on condition of working hard.

15. In spite of doing/Despite doing Kiv m‡Ë¡I In spite of being rich- In spite of having a lot of money- In spite of working hard-

He is not happy at all in spite of being rich. He is in trouble now in spite of having a lot of money. He couldn’t get a good score in the test in spite of working hard.

16. For fear of doing Kivi f‡q For fear of being sacked from the job- For fear of being cheated- For fear of being arrested-

He ran first for fear of getting wet by the rain. He burst into tears for fear of being sacked from the job. I didn’t go there for fear of being cheated.

17. Without doing Kiv Qvov/ bv K‡i without being qualified- without being sure- without investigating-

You cannot be a fluent speaker without practicing a lot. You shouldn’t apply for the job without being qualified.

18. Besides doing Kiv QvovI I am involved in social work besides doing business.

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Part 03 Practical Session LESSON -LAUGHTER

George Clooney

Information

Website:

http://www.twitter.com/fansoflaughing

http://www.FansOfLaughing.com

http://www.CollegeHumor.com

Miqdad Attamimi wrote at 10:38 am

when I being sad, I stop getting sad,

why?? Because laughing make me feel

better... So, lets started to laugh..... :D

Deborah Barnett (Fort Lauderdale, FL)

wrote at 8:15pm yesterday There is

nothing like the feeling you get from

endless laughing, sparked from almost nothing...the kind of laughing that makes your jaw

hurt....that make you start snorting....and for those woman in my age category...makes you

"pee in your pants"! Laughter is so good for the soul.

Activity 1: Write on George Clooney’s wall.

Do you enjoy comedy movie? What is the comedy movie you saw last and laughed a lot?

Write the name and its main casts on George Clooney’s wall.

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Activity 2: Individual work

Scratch work for speaking:

Think of any event that makes you

laugh?....................................................................

Where did it

happen?......................................................................................................

When did it

happen?......................................................................................................

Who were the people associated with that

event?.........................................................

Can u recall the event thoroughly?

………………………………………………………

Was there anything embarrassing?

……………………………………………………….

What caption or Heading would you give to this story if you have to name the

event? …

Activity 3: Individual work

The Day I laughed my heart out! : Speaking drill

Now speak for 2/3 minutes on the above event or story that you find very funny. Try to

give your best shot while narrating the story highlighting the comical substance to the

class.

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Activity 4: Pair work

How do you feel?

Ask and answer the following questions:

Positive emotions:

When do you feel….

enthusiastic?

excited?

confident?

content?

delighted?

satisfied?

Negative emotions:

What makes you feel…………..:

stressed?

annoyed?

depressed?

worried?

upset?

Disgusted?

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Activity 5: Group work

Storytelling and extending events

Work in groups with following topic and start a story which will be initiated by one

student and then carried forward by the rest of the members of the group. The last member

would need to end the story in a conclusive manner. Every group would be given 3 minute

to discuss the plot of the story and the sequence of story-telling among it’s members and 5

minutes to carry forward the story with a conclusive style and manner. In the event of the

story-telling the groups must use the above mentioned emotional attributes to narrate the

feelings and emotions of the characters. The winner will be adjudged on the basis of

maximum number of usages of the emotional attributes and expressions.

The leads of the stories are:

Story 1. Tommy: The Trouble Maker.

There was a little girl named Linda who used to live in small village of Yorkshire county.

She was shy and gentle. Everyone in the family used to love her. She was good at studies

and always finished her homework in time. The teachers liked her a lot too. Linda had a

poodle who she named as Tommy. Tommy was her best friend. But he was always

curious to try and find new things and places. This invited troubles for Linda at times and

she had to solve the problem all by herself so that her parents would not know about it.

One day, as Linda got up from bed she found Tommy was not in the house. She looked

for him in the backyard he was not there as well. She opened the gate and set out

to………………………….. (Carry on).

Story 2. The Friends Turned Foes

Rajib and Rana were good friends. They went to the same school from their childhood and

shared everything imaginable. They were the best of the friends.

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Bithi came to the neighborhood recently. She did not know many people. Rana’s father

Mr. Habib and Bithi’s Dad Mr. Islam had worked in the same company before. That was

how they knew each other. Mr. Islam had been transferred by his employer to join the

company’s Dhaka office. Mr. Islam was confused where to take a house so that he can

move his family to Dhaka. So, he called his old colleague Mr. Habib and he was delighted

to know that there was a house on To-let in the same neighborhood where Mr. Habib

lived. Mr. Habib arranged everything and Mr. Islam moved in with his family to live in

the same neighborhood.

Rana and Rajib both found Bithi very friendly. She was pretty and could make fast

friends. She got her admission in Lake Tower School where Rana and Rajib were studying

as well. They all used to go together to School. One day Rana was sick and skipped

school. Rajib went with Bithi alone. Rajib wantedto say something to Bithi and was

looking for a scope to express what he had in his mind. Thatday……………….. (Carry

on)

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Lesson 3.1

Environmental hazards What to say How to say (key words)

What sort of environmental hazards do you notice in Dhaka city?

What are the causes behind these problems? Suggest some solutions to these problems.

air pollution, sound pollution, water pollution........... etc.

insencere act, insufficient government’s monitoring, lack of responsibility....... etc.

implementation of law, raising social awareness........ etc.

Traveling

What to say How to say (key words) Do you travel? What do you like to do when you go to new places? Do you like to travel with your friends or family? Why?

......................................................... ......................................................... ......................................................... .........................................................

Music

What to say How to say (key words) Do you like music? What sort of music do you like? Why do you like such music? What are the effects of music on our mind?

............................................................... ............................................................... ............................................................... ...............................................................

Parliamentary Debate

Village life is better than city life

Village life City life

Fresh air, fresh foods

Healthy environment

Mutual cooperation

Better education

Better communication

Job opportunities

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Part 04 Additional study materials (Not for Class)

Lesson 4.1

1.1 Vocabulary chorus from flash card : (oral test) No. Words/Expressions Pronunciation Meaning Translate into English (oral) 01. Trail (v.) †UªBj †U‡b wnP‡i †bqv Avgv‡K †U‡b wnP‡i Ni †_‡K †ei K‡i †`Iqv n‡qwQj| 02. Ample opportunity - cÖPzi my‡hvM-myweav †m cÖPzi my‡hvM-myweav †fvM Ki‡Q| 03. A narrow escape - A‡íi Rb¨ †eu‡P hvIqv Avgiv A‡íi Rb¨ gvivZ¥K yN©Ubv †_‡K †eu‡P wM‡qwQjvg| 04. A white lie - Wvnv wg_¨v GwU GKwU Wvnv wg_¨v K_v Qvov Avi wKQzB bq| 05. Hasten (v.) - Zvovûov Kiv GZ Zvovûov KiQ †Kb?

Lesson 4.2 Expressions for better speaking

1.2 Vocabulary chorus from flash card : (oral test) No. Words/Expressions Meaning Translate into English (oral) 01. I am quite sure that (Avwg wbwðZ †h) 02. So far I know that (Avwg hZ`~i Rvwb †h) 03. I mean to say that (Avwg †evSv‡Z Pvw”Q †h) 04. It is true that (GUv mwZ¨ †h) 05. It is false that (GUv wg_¨v †h) 06. I believe that (Avwg wek¦vm Kwi †h) 07. It is a matter of great regrets that (GUv AZ¨š— `yt‡Li welq †h) 08. It is clear to me that (GUv Avgvi Kv‡Q cwi¯‹vi †h) 09. It seems to me that (Avgvi g‡b nq †h) 10. It goes without saying that (GUv ejvi A‡c¶vB iv‡L bv †h) 11. The story goes that (GK_v cÖPwjZ †h)

Fluency in discourse markers

Any way hv †nvK Anyway, let’s drop that matter for a moment. (hv †nvK, AvcvZZ †m e¨vcvi _vK|) Anyway, I had better go now, I will see you tomorrow. (hv †nvK, Avwg eis GLb hvB, AvMvgxKvj †`Lv n‡e|) Anyway, could you come tomorrow? Anyway, let’s have a second thought.

As I was saying – hv ejwQjvg As I was saying, where will you go on Friday? (hv ejwQjvg, ïµev‡i Zzwg †Kv_vq hv‡e?)

By the by I fvj K_v g‡b n‡q‡Q/ K_v cÖm‡½|

By the by, have you bought ticket?

Certainly wbðqB Certainly, I will be there in time. If you ask me – Avgvi g‡Z (Dc‡`k †`evi Av‡M)

If you ask me, if you see anything unusual you should call the police. (Avgvi g‡Z, A¯vfvweK wKQz †`L‡j cywjk‡K WvKv

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DwPr|) I mean – Avwg ej‡Z Pvw”Q Is it booked? I mean, may I sit here? I see – eySjvg I see you are a doctor. I think so – AvgviI I ZvB g‡b nq| He will come back home soon, I think so. Probably/ perhaps- m¤¢eZ Perhaps, you are right. I don’t think so – g‡b nq bv I don’t think so that he will come tomorrow. I doubt it- Avgvi m‡›`n n‡”Q| I doubt it, she is very busy these days. B`vwbs

(Avgvi m‡›`n n‡”Q, B`vwbs wZwb LyeB e¨ — Av‡Qb|) I am afraid/ I am sorry Avwg `ytwLZ|

I am afraid, I can’t help you. (`ytwLZ Avwg Avcbv‡K mvnvh¨ Ki‡Z cviwQbv|)

Let me see – GKUz †`LwQ| What’s his phone number? Let me see, I have kept it here some where. (GKUz †`LwQ, Avwg GLv‡b †Kv_vI †i‡LwQ|)

Mind it – mveavb Mind it, don’t forget to post my letter Oh dear! – nvq Avjvn, wK Avðh©! Oh dear! It’s 8 O’clock and you are in bed yet Pardon? – Avcwb Kx ej‡jb? ev Avcbvi K_v eyS‡Z cvijvg bv|

(N.B.: Pardon me American).

Sorry! - `ytwLZ ev Avgv‡K gvd Ki‡eb! (wbgœMvgx KÉ¯i) (With a falling intonation)

Sorry! You can’t come in.

Sorry? Avcwb Kx ej‡jb?/ ev Avcbvi K_v eyS‡Z cvijvg bv| (With a rising intonation D×©Mvgx KÉ¯i|)

Sorry? What did you say?

Sorry to interrupt- K_vi gvSLv‡b K_v ejvi Rb¨ `ytwLZ

Sorry to interrupt, could I just ask you a question? Avwg wK Avcbv‡K GKUv cÖkœ Ki‡Z cvwi?

Please yourself – Avcwb hv fv‡jv g‡b K‡ib Zv K‡ib|

If you don’t like to come with us, please yourself.

Quite so! (to indicate agreement m¤§wZ cÖKvkv‡_©) Exactly so!/ Right!/ Right you are !

That meeting was really boring H wgwUswU LyeB (weiw³Ki) wQj|

Exactly so! I thought it would never end. wVKB e‡j‡Qb| g‡b nw”Qj G †klB n‡e bv|

Oh heavens! Oh heavens! You didn’t do the work yet. Well Well, you may go now. Actually Actually, I didn’t know about it. Basically Basically, he is a devil at bottom. I guess I guess, you are in a wrong way. Really Really, you know it. Ok Ok, see you later. So So, we are going to meet tomorrow. You know You know, my father is a business man.

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Spoken & prounuciation lesson 14