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HOW MACHINE GUNS WORK
PROJECTILE WEAPONS CHANGED
WARFARE
STANDOFF DISTANCE, MASSED FIRE. WARFARE
GREW IN STRATEGIC AND TECHNOLOGICAL
COMPLEXITY
5000 BC: LONGBOW500 BC:
CROSSBOW
1300: MUSKET 1500: RIFLE
SLOW RELOAD TIME OFFSET BY
MASSED VOLLEYS
1851 MITRAILLEUSE:
MECHANICALLY MASSED VOLLEYS
1861 GATLING GUN
FASTER RATE OF FIRE, RELOADING
NOT STRICTLY "MACHINE GUNS"
OPERATOR PROVIDES
MECHANICAL ENERGY
1884 MAXIM:
FIRST SELF-POWERED GUN
OPERATION CYCLE
1 Operator pulls back bolt, “priming”
mechanism.
2 Operator pulls trigger, sends bolt forward,
loading round and locking chamber.
3 Firing pin ignites primer in cartridge.
4 Chamber unlocks, bolt moves rearward,
ejecting spent round.
"MINIGUN:" ELECTRIC MOTOR
POWERS OPERATING CYCLE
THIRD
PRINCIPLE:
MECHANICAL
OPERATION
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