3 The Constitution Limiting Government Power Dye Learning Objectives Identify the major principles...

3The ConstitutionLimiting Government Power

Dye Learning Objectives

Identify the major principles of constitutionalism and trace its evolution in the United States

Assess the obstacles to nationhood

Outline the principles on which the Founders were in agreement and characterize their areas of conflict

Analyze the economic and security issues that the Founders faced and the solutions they reached

Explain how the Constitution structured the new government

Analyze the separation of powers and the checks and balances established by the Constitution

Outline the arguments made for and against ratification of the Constitution

Assess the protections provided by the Bill of Rights and determine the various means through which the Constitution may be changed

Constitutional Government in America

Magna Carta, 1215

Mayflower Compact, 1620

Colonial Charters, 1624-1732

Declaration of Independence, 1776

Thomas Jefferson and the Declaration of Independence

Articles of Confederation, 1781-89

Magna Carta, 1215

3.1 What precedent did the Mayflower Compact set?

a. The right of Britain to rule the colonies

b. The right of companies to establish colonies

c. A government based on consent of the governed

d. A limited government and monarchy

3.1 What precedent did the Mayflower Compact set?

a. The right of Britain to rule the colonies

b. The right of companies to establish colonies

c. A government based on consent of the governed

d. A limited government and monarchy

Troubles Confronting a New Nation

Financial Difficulties

Commercial Obstacles

Currency Problems

Western Lands

Civil Disorder

Road to the Constitutional Convention

The Nation’s Founders

Currency Problems

Western Lands

Civil Disorder

Currency Problems

Western Lands

Civil Disorder

Currency Problems

Western Lands

Civil Disorder

Currency Problems

Western Lands

Civil Disorder

Currency Problems

Western Lands

Civil Disorder

Currency Problems

Western Lands

Civil Disorder

Currency Problems

Western Lands

Civil Disorder

3.2 Which of the following was a problem with the Articles of Confederation?

a. National government could not provide for national defense.

b. National government could not regulate interstate commerce.

c. National government could not levy taxes.

d. All of the above.

3.2 Which of the following was a problem with the Articles of Confederation?

a. National government could not provide for national defense.

b. National government could not regulate interstate commerce.

c. National government could not levy taxes.

d. All of the above.

Consensus and Conflict in Philadelphia

Natural Rights to Liberty and Property Social Contract Representative Government Limited Government Nationalism Conflict Representation Slavery Voter Qualifications

Consensus and Conflict in Philadelphia Natural Rights to Liberty and Property Social Contract Representative Government Limited Government Nationalism Conflict Representation Slavery Voter Qualifications

TABLE 3.1: Constitutional Compromise 3.3

3.3 The social contract requires government to protect what natural rights?

a. Life

b. Liberty

c. Property

d. All of the above

3.3 The social contract requires government to protect what natural rights?

a. Life

b. Liberty

c. Property

d. All of the above

Levying Taxes

Regulating Commerce

Protecting Money

Protecting National Security

War and the Military Forces

Commander in Chief

Foreign Affairs

Economy and National Security

Levying Taxes

Regulating Commerce

Protecting Money

Commander in Chief

Foreign Affairs

Levying Taxes

Regulating Commerce

Protecting Money

Commander in Chief

Foreign Affairs

3.4Economy and National Security

Levying Taxes

Regulating Commerce

Protecting Money

Commander in Chief

Foreign Affairs

Levying Taxes

Regulating Commerce

Protecting Money

Commander in Chief

Foreign Affairs

Levying Taxes

Regulating Commerce

Protecting Money

Commander in Chief

Foreign Affairs

Wartime can define a presidency

Levying Taxes

Regulating Commerce

Protecting Money

Commander in Chief

Foreign Affairs

Levying Taxes

Regulating Commerce

Protecting Money

Commander in Chief

Foreign Affairs

3.4 Which of the following is not a power granted to Congress by the Constitution?

a. Declare war.

b. Regulate interstate commerce

c. Command the armed forces

d. Levy taxes

3.4 Which of the following is not a power granted to Congress by the Constitution?

a. Declare war.

b. Regulate interstate commerce

c. Command the armed forces

d. Levy taxes

National Supremacy

Federalism

Republicanism

Democracy?

Structure of the Government

National Supremacy

Federalism

Republicanism

Democracy?

National Supremacy

Federalism

Republicanism

Democracy?

National Supremacy

Federalism

Republicanism

Democracy?

National Supremacy

Federalism

Republicanism

Democracy?

Table 3.2: Decision-making bodies in the Constitution of 1787

3.5 Which office was directly elected by the people in the original Constitution?

a. Federal judge

b. President

c. Member of the House of Representatives

d. Senator

3.5 Which office was directly elected by the people in the original Constitution?

a. Federal judge

b. President

c. Member of the House of Representatives

d. Senator

Separation of Powers and Checks and Balances

Separation of Powers

Checks and Balances

Judicial Review

FIGURE 3.1: Checks and balances 3.6

FIGURE 3.2: Confidence in the three branches of government

3.6 Which of the following is an example of Congress’s ability to check presidential power?

a. President can veto laws passed by Congress.

b. Congress must ratify treaties signed by president.

c. Courts can declare laws unconstitutional

d. President can pardon persons convicted of crimes.

3.6 Which of the following is an example of Congress’s ability to check presidential power?

a. President can veto laws passed by Congress.

b. Congress must ratify treaties signed by president.

c. Courts can declare laws unconstitutional

d. President can pardon persons convicted of crimes.

Conflict over Ratification

Ratification Procedure

Federalists

Anti-Federalists

FIGURE 3.3: The fight over ratification 3.7

3.7 Which of the following was a Federalist strategy to ensure ratification?

a. Requiring a two-thirds vote in each state legislature.

b. Requiring the governor of each state to approve the Constitution.

c. Requiring ratifying conventions in each state

d. All of the above

3.7 Which of the following was a Federalist strategy to ensure ratification?

a. Requiring a two-thirds vote in each state legislature.

b. Requiring the governor of each state to approve the Constitution.

c. Requiring ratifying conventions in each state

d. All of the above

Constitutional Change

Amendments

Judicial Interpretations

Presidential and Congressional Action

Custom and Practice

Amending the Constitution

TABLE 3.3: Bill of Rights 3.8

Amendments

Custom and Practice

Amendments

Custom and Practice

FIGURE 3.4: Constitutional Amendment Process

Amendments

Custom and Practice

TABLE 3.4: Amendments to the Constitution since the Bill of Rights

Amendments

Custom and Practice

Amendments

Custom and Practice

3.8 Which of the following is not a method of changing the Constitution?

a. Presidential decree.

b. Changing customs and practices.

c. Judicial interpretation

d. Formal amendment

3.8 Which of the following is not a method of changing the Constitution?

a. Presidential decree.

b. Changing customs and practices.

c. Judicial interpretation

d. Formal amendment

Discussion Question

What were the main conflicts in the design of the new Constitution and its ratification? What sort of demographic divisions in the population did these disputes represent?

3 The Constitution Limiting Government Power Dye Learning Objectives Identify the major principles...

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