A Growing Sub-programme in INBAR - Haiti...A Growing Sub-programme in INBAR Shyam K. Paudel, Program...

INBAR’s Bamboo Housing Experiences

A Growing Sub-programme in INBAR

Shyam K. Paudel, Program Officer, INBAR spaudel@inbar.int

Dr. Maxim Lobovikov, Programme Manager, INBARmlobovikov@inbar.int

UN Habitat reports that (http://www.unhabitat.org/programmes/housingrights)

– 1.1 billion people live in inadequate housing conditions in urban areas alone

– In many cities of developing countries, more than half of the population live in informal settlements, that can be described as life and health threatening

– Among an estimated 100 million homeless people around the world, available data suggest that increasing proportions are women and children.

– The annual need for housing in urban areas of developing countries alone is estimated at around 35 million units (during 2000-2010).

– In other words, some 95,000 new urban housing units have to be constructed each day in developing countries to improve housing conditions to acceptable levels.

Why the programme is significant?

How does bamboo help?• Timbers are getting scarce, inaccessible and expensive• Other building materials are less affordable to poor and

environmentally less friendly

• Bamboo - due to its versatile characteristics - offers solution of above issues -

• It is cheaper (generally $1 or less per culm), durable (if treated properly) and environmental friendly (easily renewable and grows widely)

Why INBAR on Bamboo Housing?• INBAR is an only international organization

mandated for bamboo development

• Aims to use bamboo in varieties of ways for poverty alleviation and economic development

• Aims to work in the line of the goals of UN Habitat and Millennium development

INBAR’s mission on Bamboo Housing

• To contribute to MDG 1,2, 7– to contribute to poverty alleviation, – increase access to primary education and– improve the lives of slum dwellers with an

environmentally sustainable development

• To contribute to the aims of UN Habitat – shelter for all– housing right

• To work mainly on social housing for poor and disaster management

Housing activitiesNew experience for INBAR working in

housing sector. It aims …..• to collect all the existing knowledge on bamboo

housing • to transfer knowledge from one region to other

through training, workshop, publications and demonstration projects

• to develop innovative techniques and system through action research and development

• to develop networking

INBAR activities so far….

• Workshops• Hands- on training in Asia, Africa and Latin

America• Network developing • Web site

For more information - www.inbar.int/housing/main.htm

Some Experiences

INDIA Bamboo Housing Training

Workshop in Mizoram

Oct-Nov 2001

Objective -

• The main objective of the training/workshop was to transfer Latin American Bahareque housing technology to India

• First INBAR Learning on bamboo housing• Partners: UNIDO/BAMTEC• 30 participants from different countries• Hands-on training • Architects from Colombia and Ecuador were

resource persons

Features

A Colombian architect- Sharing experiences

Participants eager to learn

Building on progress - practical session

Structure

Participants built the house

Workshop output- A complete house

Bamboo School and Housing Workshop

Kumasi - Ghana

Feb-March 2003

Objective of the project

• To demonstrate the use of bamboo for the construction of public infrastructures such as school, clinic

• To build local capacity on bamboo housing

• Construction of a bamboo school (primary school of 3 rooms)

• 5 days workshop on bamboo housing - 30 participants from different institutions

• Partners: TRADA -UK, British High Commission, Accra and BRRI - Kumasi

• Outputs - School and a manual (TOTEM)• Technical Inputs - TRADA, BRRI and INBAR

Features

Bamboo preservation

• Poles were treated with Creosote Oil• Bamboo strips were treated with 3% Boron

solution

Creosote Oil- Injection

• Creosote is a inflammable poisonous chemical

• Highly effective and cheaper

• not available everywhere• should not be used for

exposed bamboo parts• recommended for poles

only if injected properly

• Each internode of dried poles were drilled for injecting the creosote oil

Injecting creosote oil

Strips in Boron solution

Foundation

Rods are placed in 1.5 meter apart to fix bamboo poles later

Structure on progress

Grids with bamboo strips are made in 15x 15 cm

Swan timber was used for wall plate to hold the bamboo poles

Prefabricated bamboo trusses

Trusses were prefabricated. Joints were made with gusset plates

Cement plastering of bamboo wall

Chicken mess was used to support cement plaster.

Almost complete

Total wall thickness is 5cm

The school…….

……and the hopes

Furniture are also made from bamboo

Housing workshop for dissemination

Workshop brought attentions

Workshop participants wanted to do by themselves

http://www.ucl.ac.uk/dpu-projects/drivers_urb_change/urb_environment/sustainability.htm

Project in DFID web site

INDIA Bamboo Housing Hands-on

Trainingat IPIRTI, Banglore

Feb 2004

Objective

• To build INBAR capacity to carry out housing projects. People from INBAR project partners were trained on IPIRTI system of bamboo building.

• 3 weeks hands-on training (Feb 2004)• 12 participants from Tanzania, India and Sri

Lanka• Partners - IPIRTI India and CIBART• Output - A small house

Features

Bamboo preservation

Glove is recommended

Inject 20-50 ml of oil in each internode depending upon internode length

Same system as shown in Ghana case - with creosote oil and boron

After boiling 24 hours

Drying

Bases of the poles were boiled in creosote. This part will go underground

Strips in Boron solution

Bamboo poles

Bamboo poles are embedded in the foundation

Bamboo grid wall with cement plaster

Almost complete

Workshop participants

Ecuador -

Village capacity building for bamboo housing

in Rosario

July 2004

Objective

• To involve local community to build community vending shop with bamboo and to train local people to use bamboo for the construction

Preservation

• Cold dipping with 4% Boron solution

Temporary tank

Mixing the chemicals

Immersion of bamboo -

Villagers flattening bamboo

The most obvious flaw of this project was that we used green bamboo - no choice!!

Learning to make pre-fabricated bamboo panels

Panel is ready to put

Fixing the panel

Villagers of all ages and genders participated

Some of the participants

Final

Ecuador-Model Bamboo House in

Guyaquil

June - July 2004

Objective

• To construct a model bamboo house that comprises all the bamboo building or wall systems (so far known). Hybrid model.

• To prepare a manual based on this building

• First INBAR house in LA• A single housing comprising about 10 kinds of

bamboo wall systems (all the systems so far known)

• A poor family benefited from the project• More than 40 arch. Students worked and

learned during the construction• Partners - EC and Catholic University.

Features

Structure on progress

IPIRTI wall

Final view of IPIRTI wall

Latin American Bahareque Walls

Solid BaharequeHollow Bahareque

Bahareque wall with cement plastering

Bahareque wall with mud plastering

Interior wall with bamboo view

Arch. Romero from Catholic Uni. designed this wall

Final Romero wall

Quincha walls

Modern Quincha

with cement

Traditional Quincha

with mud

Quincha walls on progress

Quincha walls …...

Almost finished

Finished house

Public attentions

The house in the TV and the newspaper

The house owner (project beneficiary) in the newspaper

Too many people wanted to learn

University students - working and learning

Yunan China Pigbian School

2003-2004

• Energy efficient school building• All the panels are bamboo board including poles

used for the construction • A Project with WWF- China• Funded by Japanese Embassy - (total amount

US $75000)

Features

Design and construction

Construction

Construction

Working for Social Housing

Learning from Other Social Housing Projects -

• Vivienda Hogar de Cristo(VHC) in Ecudaor

PNB House in Costa Rica - resisted an earthquake of 7.5 Magnitude

Cali, Colombia

NepalBamboo Eco-village Project for Homeless

People in Nepal

Improved Pre-fabricated Bamboo Housing

•To provide eco-friendly sustainable solution of housing for homeless Kamainya (bonded labor) in Nepal.

•To make fuel efficient Kamainya houses by endorsement of improved cooking stoves.

•support to formulate eco-friendly bamboo based housing policy in Nepal.

Objective

• All the walls were pre-fabricated in a company (Himalayan Bamboo)

• bamboos are treated with pressure method with CCA

• normal light block foundation• 3 rooms of 100 sq ft (total area 300 Sq ft)• Outer-wall are plastered• A house is estimated to cost $1000

Features

Existing situation: Temporary shelter

Foundation Work of Bamboo House

Bamboo Treatment using CCA and Boron solution

Prefabrication Process

Panel making

One panel ready

Panels ready

Front view

Back view

Making veranda

Pre-finished house

Front View of Bamboo House

Venturing private sector to build school, community halls

In the Pipeline

• Model House in Ethiopia• School in Mozambique• Action Research on bamboo house for flooding

areas

Future Plan

• Development of a grand project – to replicate the existing modular housing technology (with processed and raw bamboo) especially targeting disaster management

Thank you!!

INBAR’s Innovation

• INBAR/TNC project on prefabricated modular house in collaboration with Fuster company in China

• First of its kind• Panels are prefabricated as board in factory• Easy to transport and easy to assemble• Can be assembled quickly• Good for massive housing program such as for

disaster management• Everything including roof is bamboo