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Equation of aerobic respiration G______ + o______ e______ + ____ + _____ The c_______ d________ given off by cells during tissue respiration has come from f_____ lucosexygennergyCO 2 H2OH2O arbon ioxide ood
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Aerobic Respiration
SQA Exercises
Aerobic Respiration – what you should know
• Respiration is the breakdown of f______ to release its e_______
• Living cells need energy for cell d_______, synthesis of e________ and g ________
• In a plant chloroplast, light energy is transformed into c_______ energy
• In an animal muscle cell c________ energy is changed into m__________ energy
• Cells need o_______ gas to release energy from food during aerobic respiration
oodnergy
ivisionnzymes rowth
hemicalhemical
ovementxygen
• Equation of aerobic respiration
• G______ + o______ e______ + ____ + _____
• The c_______ d________ given off by cells during tissue respiration has come from f_____
lucose xygen nergy CO2 H2O
arbon ioxideood
• H_____ energy may be released by cells during respiration
F___ and oils contain m_____ chemical energy per gram than carbohydrates or proteins
M__________ is a___ the reactions in a c___ or o_________.
E_____ from food is n______ for metabolism. Aerobic respiration is the o____ cell process that can make this energy
eat
ats ore
etabolism llell rganismnergy eeded
nly
Glucose diffuses in
Oxygen diffuses in
CO2diffuses out
H2O diffuses out
Glucose CO2 + H2O + oxygen + energy
Aerobic Respiration
CELL
Cell growth
Cell division Synthesis of enzymes
movement Maintaining body temperature
Fats chemical energy
carbohydratesC
oxygen
aerobic
glucose oxygen carbon dioxide water
carbon dioxide
Heat
sum total reactions
proteins
cell energy
food respiration
C
Energy content
temperature water volume
wear goggles hot apparatustemperature
heat loss to air water not stirredcalorimeter
Absorbs carbon dioxide
Liquid moves up towards the seeds because the seeds absorb oxygen
Same apparatus but with dead seeds
Why is the flask upside down?
Describe the control experiment
Why is it a good idea to use disinfectant with the control experiment
So the thermometer measures the temperature of the peas
Same apparatus but with dead peas
Kills bacteria – no rise in temperature due to bacterial respiration
Experiment 5 The Respirometer
At side B the coloured water moves ___ the tube _________the germinating peas because the peas are using up _________ gas during
___________.
This causes a _________ in the air pressure (volume) inside tube allowing the level of the coloured water to r____.
up towards
oxygen aerobic respiration
decrease
ise
Volume of waterDistance between burning food and test tube
Heat lost to air / escaping
Starting temperature of water
Complete burning of food
Incomplete burning Energy lost as light
30 X 0.21 = 6.3
6.3
growth / cell division / synthesis / chemical reactions / movement
fat / oils
Experiments - PresentationFor every experiment you need:
to know the input variable.
•The variable you change.
The outcome variable.
•The variable you measure.
•This goes along the x-axis.
•This goes along the y-axis.
x
y
input variableoutcom
e variable
•This is the top row or first column in a table.
• This is the bottom row or last column in a table.
Temperature (°C) 10 20 30 40 50Bubbles (number/s) 1 5 7 5 0
Temperature (°C)
Bubbles (number/s)
10 20 30 40 50
1
0
2
8
3
7
6
4
5
A Bar Chart – separate bars
1. Draw the axes
2. Mark in the labels
3. Mark the x scale4. Mark the y scale
5. Draw the bars
6. If you have time shade in the bars
Temperature (°C) 10 20 30 40 50Bubbles (number/s) 1 5 7 5 0
Temperature (°C)
Bubbles (number/s)
10 20 30 40 50
1
0
2
8
3
7
6
4
5
A Histogram – joined bars
1. Draw the axes
2. Mark in the labels
3. Mark the x scale4. Mark the y scale
5. Draw the bars
6. If you have time shade in the bars
Temperature (°C) 10 20 30 40 50Bubbles (number/s) 1 5 7 5 0
Temperature (°C)
Bubbles (number/s)
1
0
2
8
3
7
6
4
5
A Line graph
10 20 30 40 500
1. Draw the axes
2. Mark in the labels
3. Mark the x scale4. Mark the y scale
5. Draw the points
6. Join the points with straight lines
Averages
1. Find the total number of bubbles
Temperature (°C) 10 20 30 40 50Bubbles (number/s) 4 8 14 4 0
Try this example …
4 + 8 + 14 + 4 + 0 1. Find the total
= 302. Divide the total by the number of items
There are 5 items in the table30 5 = 6
Average = 6 bubbles/s3. Don’t forget units in your answer
To find the average number of bubbles …
Temperature (°C) 10 20 30 40 50Bubbles (number/s) 0 2 8 3 2
Answer =: 15 ÷ 5 = 3
Percentages
1. Find the total number of bubbles
Temperature (°C) 10 20 30 40 50Bubbles (number/s) 4 8 16 4 0
What percentage of bubbles are produced at 30ºC?
4 + 8 + 16 + 4 + 0 1. Find the total
= 322. Divide the number of bubbles at 20ºC by the total number
8 32 = 0.25 this is the decimal fraction
0.25 x 100 = 25%
To find the percentage of bubbles at 20ºC …
3. Multiply the decimal fraction by 100 to get the percentage
25% of the bubbles are produced at 20ºC
0.5 x 100 = 50%
16 32 = 0.5 this is the decimal fraction
Percentage increaseTemperature (°C) 10 20 30 40 50Bubbles (number/s) 4 8 12 4 2
What is the percentage decrease in bubbling at 40º C compared to 30ºC?
1. Find the increase in the number of bubbles at 30ºC
12 - 8 = 4
4 ÷ 8 = 0.5
To find the percentage increase in bubbling at 30ºC compared to 20º C…
2. Divide the increase by the original figure for 20ºC
0.5 x 100 = 50% increase
8 12 = 0.67 X 100 = 67%
3. Multiply by 100 to get percentage
Ratios
10ºC : 20ºC4 bubbles : 8 bubbles
Temperature (°C) 10 20 30 40 50Bubbles (number/s) 4 8 14 4 2
1. Write down the ratio of the numbers
To find the simple whole number ratio of bubbles at 10 degrees compared to bubbles at 20 degrees …
2. Find a number that will divide into both numbers to give a whole number – in this case 2
4 bubbles 2 : 8 bubbles 2= 2 bubbles : 4 bubbles
3. Repeat step 2 until you cannot divide again without getting a fraction
2 bubbles 2 : 4 bubbles 2= 1 bubble : 2 bubbles
Ratios
20ºC : 30ºC8 bubbles : 14 bubbles
Temperature (°C) 10 20 30 40 50Bubbles (number/s) 4 8 14 4 2
1. Write down the ratio of the numbers
To find the simple whole number ratio of bubbles at 20 degrees compared to bubbles at 30 degrees …
2. Find a number that will divide into both numbers to give a whole number – in this case 2
8 bubbles 2 : 14 bubbles 2= 4 bubbles : 7 bubbles
3. You cannot divide any more without getting a fraction so …
the simple whole number ratio is: 4 : 7
Ratios
20ºC : 30ºC8 bubbles : 14 bubbles
Temperature (°C) 10 20 30 40 50Bubbles (number/s) 4 8 14 4 2
1. Write down the ratio of the numbers
To find the simple whole number ratio of bubbles at 20 degrees compared to bubbles at 30 degrees …
2. Find a number that will divide into both numbers to give a whole number – in this case 2
8 bubbles 2 : 14 bubbles 2= 4 bubbles : 7 bubbles
3. You cannot divide any more without getting a fraction so …
the simple whole number ratio is: 4 : 7
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