Aerobic Respiration

SQA Exercises

Aerobic Respiration – what you should know

• Respiration is the breakdown of f______ to release its e_______

• Living cells need energy for cell d_______, synthesis of e________ and g ________

• In a plant chloroplast, light energy is transformed into c_______ energy

• In an animal muscle cell c________ energy is changed into m__________ energy

• Cells need o_______ gas to release energy from food during aerobic respiration

oodnergy

ivisionnzymes rowth

hemicalhemical

ovementxygen

• Equation of aerobic respiration

• G______ + o______ e______ + ____ + _____

• The c_______ d________ given off by cells during tissue respiration has come from f_____

lucose xygen nergy CO2 H2O

arbon ioxideood

• H_____ energy may be released by cells during respiration

F___ and oils contain m_____ chemical energy per gram than carbohydrates or proteins

M__________ is a___ the reactions in a c___ or o_________.

E_____ from food is n______ for metabolism. Aerobic respiration is the o____ cell process that can make this energy

eat

ats ore

etabolism llell rganismnergy eeded

nly

Glucose diffuses in

Oxygen diffuses in

CO2diffuses out

H2O diffuses out

Glucose CO2 + H2O + oxygen + energy

Aerobic Respiration

CELL

Cell growth

Cell division Synthesis of enzymes

movement Maintaining body temperature

Fats chemical energy

carbohydratesC

oxygen

aerobic

glucose oxygen carbon dioxide water

carbon dioxide

Heat

sum total reactions

proteins

cell energy

food respiration

C

Energy content

temperature water volume

wear goggles hot apparatustemperature

heat loss to air water not stirredcalorimeter

Absorbs carbon dioxide

Liquid moves up towards the seeds because the seeds absorb oxygen

Same apparatus but with dead seeds

Why is the flask upside down?

Describe the control experiment

Why is it a good idea to use disinfectant with the control experiment

So the thermometer measures the temperature of the peas

Same apparatus but with dead peas

Kills bacteria – no rise in temperature due to bacterial respiration

Experiment 5 The Respirometer

At side B the coloured water moves ___ the tube _________the germinating peas because the peas are using up _________ gas during

___________.

This causes a _________ in the air pressure (volume) inside tube allowing the level of the coloured water to r____.

up towards

oxygen aerobic respiration

decrease

ise

Volume of waterDistance between burning food and test tube

Heat lost to air / escaping

Starting temperature of water

Complete burning of food

Incomplete burning Energy lost as light

30 X 0.21 = 6.3

6.3

growth / cell division / synthesis / chemical reactions / movement

fat / oils

Experiments - PresentationFor every experiment you need:

to know the input variable.

•The variable you change.

The outcome variable.

•The variable you measure.

•This goes along the x-axis.

•This goes along the y-axis.

x

y

input variableoutcom

e variable

•This is the top row or first column in a table.

• This is the bottom row or last column in a table.

Temperature (°C) 10 20 30 40 50Bubbles (number/s) 1 5 7 5 0

Temperature (°C)

Bubbles (number/s)

10 20 30 40 50

1

0

2

8

3

7

6

4

5

A Bar Chart – separate bars

1. Draw the axes

2. Mark in the labels

3. Mark the x scale4. Mark the y scale

5. Draw the bars

6. If you have time shade in the bars

Temperature (°C) 10 20 30 40 50Bubbles (number/s) 1 5 7 5 0

Temperature (°C)

Bubbles (number/s)

10 20 30 40 50

1

0

2

8

3

7

6

4

5

A Histogram – joined bars

1. Draw the axes

2. Mark in the labels

3. Mark the x scale4. Mark the y scale

5. Draw the bars

6. If you have time shade in the bars

Temperature (°C) 10 20 30 40 50Bubbles (number/s) 1 5 7 5 0

Temperature (°C)

Bubbles (number/s)

1

0

2

8

3

7

6

4

5

A Line graph

10 20 30 40 500

1. Draw the axes

2. Mark in the labels

3. Mark the x scale4. Mark the y scale

5. Draw the points

6. Join the points with straight lines

Averages

1. Find the total number of bubbles

Temperature (°C) 10 20 30 40 50Bubbles (number/s) 4 8 14 4 0

Try this example …

4 + 8 + 14 + 4 + 0 1. Find the total

= 302. Divide the total by the number of items

There are 5 items in the table30 5 = 6

Average = 6 bubbles/s3. Don’t forget units in your answer

To find the average number of bubbles …

Temperature (°C) 10 20 30 40 50Bubbles (number/s) 0 2 8 3 2

Answer =: 15 ÷ 5 = 3

Percentages

1. Find the total number of bubbles

Temperature (°C) 10 20 30 40 50Bubbles (number/s) 4 8 16 4 0

What percentage of bubbles are produced at 30ºC?

4 + 8 + 16 + 4 + 0 1. Find the total

= 322. Divide the number of bubbles at 20ºC by the total number

8 32 = 0.25 this is the decimal fraction

0.25 x 100 = 25%

To find the percentage of bubbles at 20ºC …

3. Multiply the decimal fraction by 100 to get the percentage

25% of the bubbles are produced at 20ºC

0.5 x 100 = 50%

16 32 = 0.5 this is the decimal fraction

Percentage increaseTemperature (°C) 10 20 30 40 50Bubbles (number/s) 4 8 12 4 2

What is the percentage decrease in bubbling at 40º C compared to 30ºC?

1. Find the increase in the number of bubbles at 30ºC

12 - 8 = 4

4 ÷ 8 = 0.5

To find the percentage increase in bubbling at 30ºC compared to 20º C…

2. Divide the increase by the original figure for 20ºC

0.5 x 100 = 50% increase

8 12 = 0.67 X 100 = 67%

3. Multiply by 100 to get percentage

Ratios

10ºC : 20ºC4 bubbles : 8 bubbles

Temperature (°C) 10 20 30 40 50Bubbles (number/s) 4 8 14 4 2

1. Write down the ratio of the numbers

To find the simple whole number ratio of bubbles at 10 degrees compared to bubbles at 20 degrees …

2. Find a number that will divide into both numbers to give a whole number – in this case 2

4 bubbles 2 : 8 bubbles 2= 2 bubbles : 4 bubbles

3. Repeat step 2 until you cannot divide again without getting a fraction

2 bubbles 2 : 4 bubbles 2= 1 bubble : 2 bubbles

Ratios

20ºC : 30ºC8 bubbles : 14 bubbles

Temperature (°C) 10 20 30 40 50Bubbles (number/s) 4 8 14 4 2

1. Write down the ratio of the numbers

To find the simple whole number ratio of bubbles at 20 degrees compared to bubbles at 30 degrees …

2. Find a number that will divide into both numbers to give a whole number – in this case 2

8 bubbles 2 : 14 bubbles 2= 4 bubbles : 7 bubbles

3. You cannot divide any more without getting a fraction so …

the simple whole number ratio is: 4 : 7

Ratios

20ºC : 30ºC8 bubbles : 14 bubbles

Temperature (°C) 10 20 30 40 50Bubbles (number/s) 4 8 14 4 2

1. Write down the ratio of the numbers

To find the simple whole number ratio of bubbles at 20 degrees compared to bubbles at 30 degrees …

2. Find a number that will divide into both numbers to give a whole number – in this case 2

8 bubbles 2 : 14 bubbles 2= 4 bubbles : 7 bubbles

3. You cannot divide any more without getting a fraction so …

the simple whole number ratio is: 4 : 7