American Revolution How many colonies did England establish on mainland North America?...

American Revolution

How many colonies did England establish on

mainland North America?

•Thirteen

What country founded a permanent

settlement at Quebec?

•France

Who founded a permanent settlement at

Quebec?

•Samuel de Champlain

What was the economic basis of the French colony at Quebec?

•Fur-trading

What was the heart of France’s colonial empire

in North America?

•Quebec

What two nations became colonial rivals

in North America?

•England•France

What two countries fought against each other in the French and Indian War?

•England •France

What was the French and Indian

War called in Europe?

•The Seven Years’ War

Who won the French and Indian

War?

•England

What territory did England gain from France as a

result of the French and Indian War?

• Canada• Territory west of the

Appalachian Mountains

What did the Proclamation of 1763

do?

• Forbid American colonists to move west of the Appalachian Mountains

Who issued the Proclamation of 1763?

•The British government•or King George III

What 3 results did the British government intend for the

Proclamation of 1763?• Protect friendly Indians• Reduce conflict between

Americans colonists and the Indians

• Reduce the cost of the British army to protect the land west of the Appalachians

What effect did the French and Indian War have on the finances of the British

government?

•British government went greatly in debt.

According to the British gov’t., why did it station British troops in North

America after the French and Indian War?

•To protect the American colonists

What is the name of Great Britain’s

lawmaking body?

•Parliament

What is a tariff?

•A tax on imports

What is another name for a tariff?

•Customs Duty

What was the Sugar Act?

•Placed a tax on French molasses imported into the American colonies

What was the Stamp Act?

•Taxed newspapers and all legal documents in the American colonies

What was the American attitude toward the

Sugar Act and the Stamp Act?

•Opposed them

Who did the American colonists believe had the

power to tax them?

•Only their elected assemblies

What became a popular slogan in the American colonies?

•“No taxation without representation.”

What did Parliament do after the Americans

opposed the Stamp Act?

•Repealed it

Why did Parliament tax the American colonies after the French and Indian

War?• British gov’t. greatly in debt• To pay the cost of British troops

stationed in North America

What is revenue?

•Tax Money

Identify the Townshend Acts.

•Placed import taxes on paint, paper, lead, glass, and tea

How did Parliament respond to American

opposition to the Townshend Acts?

•Repealed all the Townshend duties, except the tax on tea

What happened in the Boston Massacre?

• British soldiers in Boston fired on anti-British demonstrators

• 5 American colonists were killed

Identify the Tea Act.• Law passed by Parliament• Gave the British East India

Company a monopoly over the American tea trade

What is a monopoly?•Complete Control •Absence of Competition

•No Competition

What happened at the Boston Tea

Party?

• Protested the Tea Act• Americans disguised

themselves as Indians• Boarded ships owned by

British East India Company• Threw the Tea into Boston

Harbor

Who met at the First Continental Congress?

•Delegates from all thirteen colonies

Why was the First Continental Congress

important?• Met to discuss opposition to

British policies• First time all 13 colonies

acted together

Where did the Revolutionary War

begin?

•Lexington and Concord in Massachusetts

Who were the Minutemen?

•Members of New England’s militia

Who wrote Common Sense?

•Thomas Paine

What did Common Sense say?

•Challenged the rule of the American colonies by the King of England

When was the Declaration of

Independence adopted?

•July 4, 1776

When did the American colonies declare their

independence?

•July 4, 1776

Who wrote the Declaration of Independence?

•Thomas Jefferson

Who was John Locke?

• English political philosopher• Locke’s ideas influenced

Thomas Jefferson

Who wrote that government should protect

“Life, Liberty, and Property”?

•John Locke

Who wrote that all men have the right to “Life, Liberty and

the pursuit of Happiness”?

•Thomas Jefferson

Whose ideas did Thomas Jefferson borrow when he wrote the Declaration of

Independence?

•John Locke•Thomas Paine

Into what 3 groups did Americans divide during the

American Revolution?

•Patriots•Loyalists or Tories•Neutrals

Identify the Patriots.

•Wanted independence from England

Identify the Tories.

•Wanted to remain Loyal to England

What Patriot said, “Give me liberty, or give me

death!”

•Patrick Henry

Who was the commander-in -chief of

the American or Continental Army?

•George Washington

Which group of Americans provided the

troops for the Continental Army?

•Patriots

What 2 types of factors contributed to the

American victory in the Revolution?

•Diplomatic•Military

What country helped the Americans win their independence from

England?

•France

What was the military turning point of the

Revolution?

•The Battle of Saratoga

What two nations signed the Treaty of Alliance in

1778?

•The United States•France

What American negotiated the Treaty of Alliance with

France in 1778?

•Benjamin Franklin

Where did the American

Revolution end?•Yorktown, Virginia

What happened at the Battle of Yorktown?

•The Americans and the French defeated the British

What battle ended the military phase of the

Revolution and firmly established the

independence of the United States?

•The Battle of Yorktown