BUS RAPID TRANSIT (BRT) - DIMTS · BUS RAPID TRANSIT (BRT) •Need for public transport...

BUS RAPID TRANSIT (BRT)

• Need for public transport

• Importance of bus transport

• Description of BRT

• BRT project in Delhi

2

STRUCTURE OF THE PRESENTATION

Population per sq. km.

Road Space as Percentage of Total Area:

Present road length- 28,000 kms. with limited expansion possibilities

3

DELHI VIS A VIS THE WORLD

Delhi(Urban)

Delhi(Whole)

Seoul Singapore Hong Kong

Tokyo KualaLumpur

Paris(City)

13,930 9,340 24,500 8,700 30,100 10,400 5,900 24,448

Delhi Tokyo Munich Hong Kong Paris Bangkok

21% 13% 13% 12% 11% 11%

MOTOR VEHICLES REGISTERED IN DELHI

0

200000

400000

600000

800000

1000000

1200000

1400000

1600000

1800000

2000000

2200000

2400000

2600000

2800000

3000000

3200000

34000001

98

1

19

82

19

83

19

84

19

85

19

86

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87

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88

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89

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90

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91

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92

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93

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94

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95

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96

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97

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98

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99

20

00

20

01

20

02

20

03

20

04

20

05

20

06

YEAR (1981-2006)

NO

. O

F V

EH

ICL

ES

RE

GIS

TE

RE

D

Cars/ Taxis

Two Wheelers

TSR

Buses & Other

Heavy Vehicles

4

MOTOR VEHICLES REGISTERED IN DELHI

5

TRADITIONAL PROBLEM SOLVING : THE CAR ORIENTED

INFRASTRUCTURE

6

SO WHAT IS THE SOLUTION?

50 cars or 60 b icyc les or 1 bus

EFFICIENT USE OF ROAD SPACE

More equitable allocation of road space with people, rather than vehicles

Greater use of public transport and non-motorized modes

Reserving lanes and corridors exclusively for public transport and non-motorized modes of travel

8

NATIONAL URBAN TRANSPORT POLICY

9

DELHI MASTER PLAN 2021

According to Para 12.5 (iv) of the Plan –

“On all roads with right of way (ROW) greater than 30 meters exclusive bus laneswill be planned to implement the Bus Rapid Transit System (BRTS) in a phased manner to cover the whole city.”

• I.A. No: 226 in writ petition (civil) Nos: 13029 of 1985

Quote: “……The EPCA shall also examine the issue of increase of High Capacity Bus System with existing public transport system…”

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SUPREME COURT RULING

11

EXIST IN OVER 30 CITIES ACROSS THE GLOBE IN

ALL KINDS OF DEVELOPMENT SPECTRUMS,

CULTURAL TRAITS, DEMOGRAPHICS AND

TRAFFIC CHARACTERSTICS.

BUS RAPID TRANSIT SYSTEMS

12

Latin América

Belo Horizonte

Bogotá

Campiñas

Curitiba

Gociana

Lima

Porto Alegre

Quito

Recife

Sao Paulo

México City

North América

Honolulu

Los Ángeles

Miami

Canada

Ottawa

Pittsburgh

Vancouver

Asia

Akita

Fukuoka

Gifu

Kanazawa

Kunming

Miyazaki

Nagaoka

Nagoya

Niigata

Taipéi

Beijing

Jakarta

Europe

Claremont Ferrand

Eindhoven

Essen

Ipswich

Leeds

Nancy

Rouen

Oceanía

Adelaide

Brisbane

BRT Systems in

operation

BRTS ACROSS THE WORLD

• Pune

• Ahmedabad

• Indore

• Bhopal

• Jaipur

• Vishakhapatnam

• Hyderabad

• Nagpur

• Delhi

13

Lloyd Wright

BRT STATUS IN INDIAN CITIES. (JNURRM FUNDING APPROVED)

Trips per person per day

0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.7

0.8

0.9

London Singapore Hong Kong Delhi

MRT Bus

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PUBLIC TRANSPORT IN WORLD CITIES

EQUITY:

in terms of providing access across all strata

of society at an acceptable cost

EFFICIENCY:

by way of providing more throughput per

unit of investment or road space

ENVIRONMENT FRIENDLY:

by way of reducing private vehicles and using green

fuel

BRT is a synthesis of 3 E’s

It combines the advantages of rail transit with flexibility of Bus service

It is endorsed by institutions such as World Bank, Asian Development Bank etc.

Being green it is the only transport project with the availability of World Bank GEF funding

15

BRT MAJOR FACTS

In BRT commuters can only cross at the zebra crossings. Fatality rates will come down drastically.

Experts observe that road based transport provides the most effective connectivity for

residents.

The Delhi BRT project has been implemented after rigorous analysis and consideration

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BRT can penetrate in less ROW areas

BRT is on ‘AT GRADE LEVEL’ so builds easier access

BRT is a relatively inexpensive mode hence can be implemented more widely

Gestation time is relatively short

BRT has more stoppages and therefore provides user friendly changeover points

BRT

Builds

Flexibility

ADVANTAGES OF BRT

Efficient utilization of road spaceEfficient utilization of road space

COST CONSIDERATIONSCOST CONSIDERATIONS

BRT5-20

crores / km

Metro125 to

220crores / km

18

Shortest planning & construction time BRT - 1.5 years / Metro -

Shortest planning & construction time BRT - 1.5 years / -3 to 5 years (~18km)

Not affected by traffic jams

Lanes can be used by emergency vehicles

BRT lanes can be used by school buses etc also

19

20

Quito, Ecuador

Porto Alegre, Brazil

Curitiba, Brazil

Bus stop platform and bus floor at

the same level

Wider doors

RAPID BOARDING AND ALIGHTING

BRT IS PHYSICALLY CHALLENGED FRIENDLY

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WORLD OVER BRT USES THE CENTRAL LANE

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Pedestrian path 3 m x 2m

Bus lane 3.3 - 3.5 m

Car lane 3.0 m X 2

Bicycle lane None

BRT: CAR 1 WAY 2 LANES, BUS 1 WAY. ROW ~ 18 M

Pedestrian path 4 m x 2

Bus lane 3.3 - 3.5 m x 2

Car lane 3.0 m x 4

Bicycle lane Mixed

24

BRT: CAR 2 WAY 2 LANES, BUS 2 WAY. ROW: ~30-35 M

Mode Persons per lane (3m) per hour

Bus (dedicated lane) 15,000 – 25,000

Walking 9,000

Bicycle 5,000

Car 3,000

3 car lanes mixed - 10.5m 9,000 - 15,000

2 car + 1 bus - 10.5m 20,000 - 30,000

2 car + 1bus(BRT rationalised) - 10.5m 30,000 - 40,000

25

PEOPLE FLOW CAPACITIES

Pedestrians + bicycles using 4.5m additional rationalised space

from existing ROW will provide additional throughput of app.

10000 persons per hour

Relatively low rise development

Multiple business districts

Delhi expanding in a radial mode

Central City not the main destination

Car – about 15 % families

2-wheeler – about 35% families

No vehicle – about 50% families

50% people with no option but

public transport

Marginal cost of two wheeler trip

about Rs 1.00 per km -

Maximum fare level cannot be higher

Mixed land use patterns, strict

zoning impossible

Majority trips less than 10 km

Transit system therefore must be

low cost and wide spread

DELHI CHARACTERSTICS AND PUBLIC TRANSPORT

ROHINII

DWARKA

GURGAON

GHAZIABAD

FARIDABAD

• The first corridor of BRT in Delhi is fromAmbedkar Nagar to Delhi Gate. It is 14.5 km.long with minimum ROW at 28 meters andmaximum ROW at 51.5 meters.

• Total cost of the project is Rs. 215 crores atan average cost of Rs. 14.83 crores/ km

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SALIENT FEATURES OF SOLUTION FOR DELHI: AMBEDKAR NAGAR- DLEHI GATE CORRIDOR

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PEAK HOUR DENSITY OF BUSES

Peak Hour Density

Ambedkar Nagar- Press Enclave 93

Chirag Delhi - Andrews Ganj 75

Andrews Ganj - Moolchand 217

Moolchand - Bhagwan Das road 129

Bhagwan Das Road - Delhi Gate 419

• A total of 20 bus stops along the corridor are planned

• Generally 100-200 buses move on various sections during peakhour catering to a maximum PHPDT of about 10000 on anaverage day.

• Road width of 6.75m for MV will increase throughput as therewill be no obstructions from mixed traffic (Buses, pedestrians,cycles and rickshaws)

• The project has been implemented after rigorous analysis andintensive stakeholder consultation and validated by nationaland international transportation experts

• This includes the benefits of the central bus lane over side buslane.

29

SALIENT FEATURES OF AMBEDKAR NAGAR : DELHI GATE CORRIDOR

30

Breakup of Different Mode of Transport

Mode of Transport % of trips made by mode

Two wheeler 17.59

Three wheeler 2.80

Car 6.94

Taxi 0.06

Bus 62.0

Others 10.61

STANDARD SECTIONS

31

CARRIGE WAY

FOOT

SERVICESERVICE LANE

ES1 - Pushpa Vihar Quarters (Section 1 ) - Right of Way-51.5m

2m 11m 1.5m

PATH

FOOTPATH

FOOTPATH

FOOTPATH

6.5m 2m6m 11m7m

UNPAVED

LANE

CARRIGE WAY

BREST WALL

BUSMV LANE

NMVTRACK

FOOT

SERVICE LANESERVICE LANE

CS1 - Pushpa Vihar Quarters (Section 1 ) - Right of Way-51.5m

10m 2m 2.5m 6.75m 6.75m3.3m 3.3m 2.5m 2m

PATH MV LANE

LANEBUSLANE

NMVTRACK

FOOTPATH

FOOTPATH

FOOTPATH

FOOTPATH

2m 3.3m 2m2m

STANDARD SECTIONS

Side lane:

High friction

from turning

vehicles

reduce

capacity and

efficiency

SIDE LANE OR CENTRAL LANE?

MORNING

EVENNING

Total of six lanes are crossed at a time Total of three lanes are crossed at a time

EXISTING SYSTEM , side bus lane BR SYSTEM central bus lane

PEDESTRIAN CROSSING EASIER

• Parking space for para-transit, scooters, cycles is generated.

• Central bus lanes allow for passenger parking on side lanes and interchange with other modes on the side without disrupting existing circulation to adjoining areas

34

DEDICATED PARKING PLACES

• Signal and telecom cabling not duplicated

• Preferential signaling to buses is easier

• Manpower deployment is optimized

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NO DUPLICATION OF SERVICES- Central Lane Option

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CHAOTIC MIXED MOVEMENT OF TRAFFIC

Ambedkar Nagar - 2005

37

SMOOTH MOVEMENT OF TRAFFIC

Ambedkar Nagar - 2008

IMPROVED SPACE FOR CAR LANES , EXCLUSIVE CYCLE TRACKS AND

CENTRAL BUS LANES

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DEDICATED LANES FOR ALL TRAFFIC

6.75 M MV LANE

WIDTH IS LEFT

AFTER BUS LANE

ALLOCATION6.6 M BUS

LANE (at

intersections)

3.5 M NMV

(cycle

2.25m/pedes

trian

pathway

1.25)

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HAVE PEOPLE MOVED OUT?

CHIRAG DELHI INTERSECTION

Evening Peak Hour

Traffic Volume Vehicles

28-02-2008 11,449

24-04-2008 11,767

IF BRT IS SO EFFICIENT THEN

WHY

THE PROTEST?

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• Zero Sum Game

• New Concept

• Change Management

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We have to invest in public

transport, in roads with

space for bicycles and

pedestrians, Our cities have

to become more livable and

more people friendly.

Manmohan Singh, Prime

Minister 31 Dec 2005

It does not matter what is

done, traffic jams will

become worse; unless a

radically new model is

adopted.

E-Penelosa- Ex Mayor of

Bogota

BUS RAPID TRANSIT

43

87,897

10,591

1,05,763 1,24,46579,067

1,13,099 1,00,3621,15,089 1,09,641

1,13,951

8,835

6,822

9,2869,884

9,033

9,159

6,441

10,993

2,329

2,422

2,204

2,406

2,583

1,593

1,8212,082

2,394

28

Total Number of Vehicles, February 28, April 24 and May 01- 07, 2008(Figures in Number)

February 28

(Thursday)

April24

(Thursday)

May 01

(Thursday)

May 02

(Friday)

May 03

(Saturday)

May 04

(Sunday)

May 05

(Monday)

May 06

(Tuesday)

May 07

(Wednesday)

Motorized Vehicles Non-motorized Vehicles Buses

44

NUMBER OF VEHICLES

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