Cell Parts

CELL PARTSDissecting the cell

Plasma Membrane Cells must control the materials that enter

and leave. The PM is the boundary between the cell

and it’s environment.

Homeostasis Homeostasis is the process of

maintaining the cell’s environment.

Selective permeability is the process where a cell allows some molecules into the cell and not others.

PM Structure PM is made of a phospholipid bilayer

Two phospholipid layers Hydrophilic – “likes” water Hydrophobic – “afraid” of water

Cytoplasm Thick jelly-like substance that fills the cell

Allows material to be moved around the cell.

CONTROL CENTERThe Nucleus

Nucleus The nucleus contains the genetic material

for the cell Chromosomes

Nuclear Envelope Double membrane

Nuclear pores

Chromosomes Chromosomes are made of DNA.

DNA is the genetic material that holds all the information in the organism.

Located inside the nucleus

Homework Organelle Summary Sheet Flashcards

ASSEMBLY, TRANSPORT & STORAGE

Other organelles

Ribosomes Ribosomes control protein synthesis

Made by the nucleolus

Found floating freely in the cytoplasm or on the rough endoplasmic reticulum

Endoplasmic Reticulum Site of chemical reactions in the cells

Rough ER Covered in

ribosomes

Smooth ER No ribosomes

Golgi Apparatus Sorts and packages products of the ER Sends packaged proteins to various locations around the cell Uses vesicles aspackaging

Vacuoles & Lysosomes Vacuoles are used in temporary storage

of materials Plant cells have one large vacuole while

animal cells have many smaller vacuoles

Lysosomes contain digestive enzymes that break apart cellular waste for re-use

CELLULAR ENERGYMitochondria

Mitochondria Energy powerhouses for the cell

Found in plant and animal cells

Double membrane Increased surface area for reactions

SUPPORT

Cytoskeleton Interior network of

support in cells

Criss-crossed web of small “support beams” Microtubules Microfilaments

Homework Organelle

Summary Sheet Flashcards