Hawk-Eye™ Systems Turfgrass User’s Guide & Informationturf-vu.com/docs/Hawk-Eye System User...

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There are no boundaries when enthusiasm and excitement are applied to the task at hand.

Hawk-Eye™ Systems

Stress Quality

Control Irrigation Jim Etro

j.etro@turf-vu.com 703-489-8507

Hawk-Eye™ is your translator.

24/7/365

Set-up your ALERTS

Listen to what your turf has to say.

See it – Measure it – Understand it – Manage it

Golf Courses

Sport Fields

March 2017

Turfgrass User’s Guide & Information

There are no boundaries when enthusiasm and excitement are applied to the task at hand.

Canopy Temperature and Color is the Indicator of Turf Grass Health and Plant Water Status

Real-time measurements allows you to quickly identify turf stress

Turf hot spots and non homogeneous color are the best indicator of stress and

plant water status

And are an early warning of water/disease/pest pressures that should be

mitigated before they become expensive and/or unmanageable

There are no boundaries when enthusiasm and excitement are applied to the task at hand.

Using Thermal and Visual Image Data to Manage Turfgrass

There are no boundaries when enthusiasm and excitement are applied to the task at hand.

The Agricultural Imaging Spectrum

Visual – reflected light

450-950 nanometers

Thermal – emitted heat

8-13.5 microns

There are no boundaries when enthusiasm and excitement are applied to the task at hand.

Hue⁰ / Color Measurement Visual

Hue⁰/Std Deviation is an objective measure of Quality

48⁰ / 5.4

95⁰ / 1.5

87⁰ / 2.2

5⁰ / 3.5

222⁰ / .06

Hue⁰

Canopy Hue is a Function of:

Sunlight Absorbed, Reflected, Scattered,

Shaded

Plant Health (photosynthesis)

Absorbance Spectrum

of Photo Pigments

There are no boundaries when enthusiasm and excitement are applied to the task at hand.

Canopy Temperature is a Function of:

Air Temperature, Humidity, Wind

Sunlight

Absorbed, Reflected, Scattered, Shaded

Plant Health (photosynthesis and respiration)

Plant Water Status

Clouds

Shade Trees

Soil Moisture

Temperature Measurement

Canopy Temperature is an objective measure of Health & Stress

Thermal

There are no boundaries when enthusiasm and excitement are applied to the task at hand.

Root Respiration Soil Moisture

Photosynthesis/Transpiration

6CO2 + 12H2O →→ C6H12O6 + 6H2O

Respiration

C6H12O6 + 6O2 → 6O2 + 6H2O + Energy

Latent Heat of Vaporization Cooling effect during Transpiration

Energy Released during Respiration

Plant Health & Water Status

Thermal

Temperature Measurement Canopy Temperature is an objective measure of Health & Stress

Early Spring 1:10PM 34.7⁰ F SRad 505.15 RH 48% ENE @ 7MPH

73⁰

68⁰

63⁰

58⁰

53⁰

48⁰

43⁰

34⁰

There are no boundaries when enthusiasm and excitement are applied to the task at hand.

Measure and Calculate more than 100,000 data points per image pair

Hue⁰ An objective measure of Quality

An objective measure of Health & Stress

There are no boundaries when enthusiasm and excitement are applied to the task at hand.

Value of Persistence

minute-to-minute

day-to-day

1:14 pm 1:03 pm

https://vimeo.com/206288818

https://vimeo.com/206282231

There are no boundaries when enthusiasm and excitement are applied to the task at hand.

Indices

There are no boundaries when enthusiasm and excitement are applied to the task at hand.

Hue/Color Index

258 / 135

111 / 11

128 / 15 124 / 12 83 / 7.5

91 / 8 131 / 24 109 / 8 80 / 1

.81 / 7 120 / 9 104 / 14 31 / 30

xx / yy Hue / StdDev Hue

There are no boundaries when enthusiasm and excitement are applied to the task at hand.

Hue Index [shade]

There are no boundaries when enthusiasm and excitement are applied to the task at hand.

Stress Index

.88 / .33

.34 / -.25

.43 / -.09 .49 / -.02 .43 / -.06

.39 / -.26 .68 / .13 .34 / -.34 .48 / -.04

.44 / -.24 .28 / -.37 .40 / -.29 .60 / -.04

xx / yy Image SI / Daily SI

There are no boundaries when enthusiasm and excitement are applied to the task at hand.

Stress Indexing (SI)

Stress Index Monday, 28 Sep 2015

1:14 pm 1:24 pm 12:53 pm 1:34 pm 1:03 pm

Daily SI of green = .41

Image SI .86

.97

Image SI .89 .63

There are no boundaries when enthusiasm and excitement are applied to the task at hand.

Measure and Calculate from Persistent Data

for Stress Indexing*

* 1. Jackson RD, Idso SB, Reginato RJ, Pinter PJJ. 1981. Canopy temperature as a crop water stress indicator. Water Resources Research 17, 1133–1138 2. J. Miguel Costa, Olga M. Grant, M. Manuela Chaves, 2013. Thermography to explore plant–environment interactions. Journal of Experimental

Botany doi:10.1093/jxb/ert029

Tm = measured Canopy Temp – measured air Temp TLL = Low Limit of Stress TUL = Upper Limit of Stress

https://vimeo.com/177699460

Stress = (Tm - TLL)/(TUL - TLL)

There are no boundaries when enthusiasm and excitement are applied to the task at hand.

Irrigation Index

And

Measured Canopy Temperatures and Weather

Derived Stress Index

Measured Variance of the Hue

There are no boundaries when enthusiasm and excitement are applied to the task at hand.

Irrigation Indexing

Stress↑ & Quality↓

is the signal to Irrigate

Using a Hawk-Eye™ System gets the

plant the irrigation it wants Significantly decreases input

Decreases electricity to pump

Keeps quality and yield where it is wanted

https://vimeo.com/178893613

{Derived from the Thermal and Visual Image Data}

There are no boundaries when enthusiasm and excitement are applied to the task at hand.

There are no boundaries when enthusiasm and excitement are applied to the task at hand.

Hawk-Eye™ Systems

Semi-Permanent &/or Mobile

• Thermal camera

• Visual camera

• Communications (WIFI & Internet)

• Pan/Tilt Option

Durable and Weather Proof

Real-Time Images and Weather

Data Archive w/Search Tools

24/7 every 10 minutes - Internet and Cell network

Actionable Indices Delivered to you in Real-Time

Desktop and Mobile

Images and Data

There are no boundaries when enthusiasm and excitement are applied to the task at hand.

Semi- Permanent

Mobile

Hawk-Eye™ Installations

There are no boundaries when enthusiasm and excitement are applied to the task at hand.

24/7/365

Hawk-Eye™’s Web Interface

There are no boundaries when enthusiasm and excitement are applied to the task at hand.

There are no boundaries when enthusiasm and excitement are applied to the task at hand.

There are no boundaries when enthusiasm and excitement are applied to the task at hand.

Area: UN-L_turf Area: nr15-green

Average Canopy Temperature 95.27 is >= to 95.00

This value has held over 60.00 Minutes (6 readings)

Area: UN-L_turf Area: nr15-left

Stress Index 1.53 is >= to 1.50

This value has held over 30.00 Minutes (3 readings)

Area: UN-L_turf Area: nr15-green

Min Canopy Temperature 89.12 is <= to 90.00

This value has held over 10.00 Minutes (1 reading)

SN-0008 UN-L_turf

Air Temperature 52 is <= to 55

This value has held over 60.00 Minutes

Alerts 24/7/365

There are no boundaries when enthusiasm and excitement are applied to the task at hand.

Indices and Data ……

Search Criteria

Time Lapse Movie

Archive

There are no boundaries when enthusiasm and excitement are applied to the task at hand.

e-mail a collaborator

Indices and Data ……

Work with spreadsheets

There are no boundaries when enthusiasm and excitement are applied to the task at hand.

Setting Areas for Measurements

There are no boundaries when enthusiasm and excitement are applied to the task at hand.

Setting Area Parameters for Alerts

There are no boundaries when enthusiasm and excitement are applied to the task at hand.

Live Demo e-mail jim.etro@itricorp.com for login info

There are no boundaries when enthusiasm and excitement are applied to the task at hand.

There are no boundaries when enthusiasm and excitement are applied to the task at hand.

Applying Hawk-Eye™ Triggering & Managing Irrigation

Hawk-Eye™ Alert: Turn on #15a & c

Precision Application of Treatments

and Cultivation Practices

Managing Syringing

Managing Fan Placement/Aim & Operation

Precision Scouting 24/7 for: Pest

Disease

Irrigation Distribution and Effectiveness

Shade

Traffic

Hawk-Eye™ Alert: Color/Hue is out of Specs

Hawk-Eye™ Alert: Canopy Temp is Too Hot

Hawk-Eye™ Alert: Stress Index is out of Specs visual

heat

Ask the Turf

There are no boundaries when enthusiasm and excitement are applied to the task at hand.

Measured Canopy Temperatures and Weather

Derived Stress Index

A Hawk-Eye™ System

See it – Measure it – Study it

day

night

24/7

For Research

There are no boundaries when enthusiasm and excitement are applied to the task at hand.

On-Site Inspections

There are no boundaries when enthusiasm and excitement are applied to the task at hand.

Daily Thermal Cycle

There are no boundaries when enthusiasm and excitement are applied to the task at hand.

Sun, Clouds, & Shade

There are no boundaries when enthusiasm and excitement are applied to the task at hand.

Wind

There are no boundaries when enthusiasm and excitement are applied to the task at hand.

Compaction / Turf Damage

Walk-Off Spot

There are no boundaries when enthusiasm and excitement are applied to the task at hand.

Application of - Water

There are no boundaries when enthusiasm and excitement are applied to the task at hand.

Stress Accumulation of Stress becomes evident in a persistent time series.

There are no boundaries when enthusiasm and excitement are applied to the task at hand.

Emerging Management Practices

Managing Fan Placement & Aim and Fan Operations Managing Syringing Precision Scouting for Stress

Pest Disease Shade Traffic

Precision Application of Treatments Precision Scouting for Drainage Patterns and Soil Wetness Planning and Managing Irrigation Preparation of Cultivation Practices

Aeration Decision Aid Mowing Decision Aid Applying Beneficial Stress

……………………

There are no boundaries when enthusiasm and excitement are applied to the task at hand.

Using Persistent Patterns to Find Problems

Nematodes

Cooler at night

Warmer during day

Cooler at night

Warmer during day

Find disease and pests before it becomes an epidemic

Bermuda Grass 10 February

Bermuda Grass 18 February

There are no boundaries when enthusiasm and excitement are applied to the task at hand.

Fan Off

Fan On

Fans at work as seen by a Hawk-Eye™

Get it aimed right!

There are no boundaries when enthusiasm and excitement are applied to the task at hand.

good location & aim

Positioning and Aiming Fans

not good

There are no boundaries when enthusiasm and excitement are applied to the task at hand.

Pairing with Fans

to help guide day/night use

On this Night

Turn it Off

On this Day

Turn it On

Cross Wind

Aim Better

or

Another Location

On this Day

Turn it Off

There are no boundaries when enthusiasm and excitement are applied to the task at hand.

Syringing

See exactly where you need it,

or not.

See the result while you are doing it.

There are no boundaries when enthusiasm and excitement are applied to the task at hand.

Drainage/High Soil Moisture

Avoid Winter Freezes

There are no boundaries when enthusiasm and excitement are applied to the task at hand.

Assessing Drainage/High Soil Moisture

It went here

There are no boundaries when enthusiasm and excitement are applied to the task at hand.

Irrigating – Stress Relief T1 creeping bentgrass 2” sandcapped silty loam clay Cut to .12” and .4”

Hand Irrigation

There are no boundaries when enthusiasm and excitement are applied to the task at hand.

At the Irrigation Association’s 2016 Annual Meeting and Trade Show

Hawk-Eye™ was judged by a panel of experts to be a “Home Run”

Guiding Irrigation

Irrigation Index {Derived from the Thermal and Visual Image Data}

When Stress↑ & Quality↓ it is the signal to irrigate

Images &

Data Irrigation Index

There are no boundaries when enthusiasm and excitement are applied to the task at hand.

Scouting Pests

Persistent Pattern Cooler at night

Warmer during day (sunshine)

There are no boundaries when enthusiasm and excitement are applied to the task at hand.

Showing Members Work-in-Progress

There are no boundaries when enthusiasm and excitement are applied to the task at hand.

Synthetic Turf Considerations

Hawk-Eye System is a thermostat that can guide heat remediation practices

For example: syringing during time outs and stopped play

There are no boundaries when enthusiasm and excitement are applied to the task at hand.

There are no boundaries when enthusiasm and excitement are applied to the task at hand.

Operating Fans See that they are

doing the job

Using a Handheld Thermal Imager

for Setting Up Fans

There are no boundaries when enthusiasm and excitement are applied to the task at hand.

Potential Freeze Spot

Using a Handheld Thermal Imager

for Checking Soil Wetness

There are no boundaries when enthusiasm and excitement are applied to the task at hand.

Using a Handheld Thermal Imager

for Syringing

See exactly where you need it,

or not.

See the result while you are doing it.

There are no boundaries when enthusiasm and excitement are applied to the task at hand.

Using a Handheld Thermal Imager Winter Scouting for Desiccation

Potential Desiccation

There are no boundaries when enthusiasm and excitement are applied to the task at hand.

Turf-Vu® Services with Hawk-Eye

System Sales or Rental

There are no boundaries when enthusiasm and excitement are applied to the task at hand.

Irrigation Effectiveness

Turf-Vu® Service

What the Turf

Says about the

Irrigation Pattern

Augmented by

Geometric DU Sprinkler Patterns

There are no boundaries when enthusiasm and excitement are applied to the task at hand.

Irrigation Effectiveness Distribution Uniformity (engineering) -- -- Irrigation Effectiveness (reality)

40% 30%

There are no boundaries when enthusiasm and excitement are applied to the task at hand.

Turf-Vu® Service

Special Projects and Studies

X

There are no boundaries when enthusiasm and excitement are applied to the task at hand.

Stress Monitoring - ID Notices and Alerts

Text Messages

Persistent area of warmer

nighttime and daytime

temperatures near right

front bunker seen over past

several days

Turf-Vu® Service

There are no boundaries when enthusiasm and excitement are applied to the task at hand.

Use a Tool to See it – Measure it – Listen to the Turf - Manage it

63 Before After

There are no boundaries when enthusiasm and excitement are applied to the task at hand.

Irrigation Distribution Uniformity (engineering) -- -- Irrigation Effectiveness (reality)

40% 30%

There are no boundaries when enthusiasm and excitement are applied to the task at hand.

Compaction / Turf Damage

Walk-Off Spot

There are no boundaries when enthusiasm and excitement are applied to the task at hand.

Mon 8/24/2015 4:22 PM-PST

Alert nr 07: back-left_spot

Average Canopy Temperature greater than 94 for past 20 minutes

with Hawk-Eye™ Real-Time (24/7) & Archived

The Alert

Process

There are no boundaries when enthusiasm and excitement are applied to the task at hand.

Heavy Rain on 02 January Rain on 21 January 22 January

Rain / Puddles

Drainage and Drying

Out

Ball Speed?

Hue & Hue_SD 22 January

Hue &

Hue_SD 23 January

Shade

There are no boundaries when enthusiasm and excitement are applied to the task at hand.

Average Hue aka Color

Absorbance

Spectrum

of Photo Pigments

Turf Quality Index is the standard deviation of the

average hue in the defined area

Hue aka Color

There are no boundaries when enthusiasm and excitement are applied to the task at hand.

Hue = 72.04

SD Hue = 10.8

Hue = 81.12

SD Hue = 6.5

Hue = 79

SD Hue = 1.3

Hue = 81.12

SD Hue = 0

There are no boundaries when enthusiasm and excitement are applied to the task at hand.

Ave Hue & StdDev Quality Index

[impact of shade]

There are no boundaries when enthusiasm and excitement are applied to the task at hand.

Tuesday Wednesday

nr12_hue

Hue 08 and 09 Nov at nr12 http://www.itricorp.com/hawkeye//HawkEye.php?getemaillink=aO8j1t51mFntcc4AOBozAgJO59Q_

There are no boundaries when enthusiasm and excitement are applied to the task at hand.

Hawk-Eye™ Systems

Stress Quality

Control Irrigation

Jim Etro j.etro@turf-vu.com

703-489-8507

Hawk-Eye™ is your translator.

24/7/365

Listen to what your turf has to say.

Set-up your ALERTS

listen to the turf talk

See it – Measure it – Manage it

Golf Courses

Sport Fields

Research

There are no boundaries when enthusiasm and excitement are applied to the task at hand.

Turf-Vu® Service

Fan Audit

Recommended