Myat Su Mon ,Forest Department Ministry of Environmental...

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Myat Su Mon ,Forest DepartmentMinistry of Environmental Conservation and Forestry

General introduction

Approach to Zoning for Land Use Management

Background Information Pilot Study on Zoning Approach for Land

Use Management

Conclusion

Ongoing activities Challenges Opportunity

Presentation Outline

General Introduction

Precise and evidence based balance among economicdevelopment, sustainable use of natural resources andenvironmental conservation is of fundamental importance.

A common approach‐ Ensuring accurate geospatial and socio‐economic data by software tools to produce valid and relevantspatial plans.

National and regional land use management/zoning plans‐Ensuring the National development goals and objectives.

Landscape scale zoning ‐ first planning step‐ precedes moredetailed spatial planning.

Government of Myanmar ‐in the process of promoting effectiveland use planning and refining the zoning methodologies insupport of its National Land Use Policy formulation.

This presentation will introduce : The emerging approach to zoning for land use management

Over 100 national races-Different culture, custom andtraditions related to land uses

Total population- 51 millions (2014 census)

Land related issues are the most critical

The Government of Myanmar recognizes to

deal with Land for:

Land use administration;

Land tenure security and Land use Rights;

Land dispute resolution;

Foreign investment;

Sustainable economic growth;

effective environmental protection;

Social harmonization.

Background Information

4

1990

2000

2010

Land Cover/Land Use Changes in Myanmar

Forest Cover Status (%) at Five Different Years (Source FRA)

46.6437.71

25.82 19.87 21.56

12.0214.74

22.9727.09 21.37

15.0415.59 29.49 29.73

22.29

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

1990 2000 2005 2010 2015

Open forestClosed forest

Inland water bodiesOther land

Other wooded land

%

(year)

7

Challenges for Sustainable Natural Resource ManagementChallenges for Sustainable Natural Resource Management

Illegal logging Land use changes

High Fuelwood consumption

Slash & Burn Agriculture

Land use changes (agricultural expansion)

2012, Land Use Allocation andScrutinizing Committee (LUASC) wasformed with the Presidential order.

LUASC is chaired by the Union Minister forMOECAF and consists of 25 members.

Members are representatives from concernedGovernment Ministries and agencies toformulate Land Use Policy.

National Land Use Management PolicyDrafting Working Group focusing on fourmain tasks;

Law HarmonizationClassification, Mapping, RegistrationEthnic Minority & ConflictDonors/ NGOs Coordination

8

National Land Use Policy Formulation Process  in Myanmar

Land Use Mapping and Preparing Land Use Management Plan 

Districts  Region On going Activities 

Pilot Study onLand Use Management 

10

Background on Pilot Study

2013 April IMG / EU participated at LUASC workshop.

Uncertainty raised on precision of data on land usereported by the survey.

RS based method proposed using Rapideye data.

August 2013 – started pilot RS/GIS study forTaungoo, Thayarwaddy and Bago Districts.

December 2013- finished land use mapping ofTaungoo

January 2014- Field verification

February 2014- Consultation meeting for zoning

Location of Pilot Study Area

Taungoo District

3 Districts within Bago Region

Myanmar

Taungoo region- famous in Burmese history for the Taungoo Dynasty (between the 16th and 18th centuries)

Taungoo- the capital of Burma in 1510–1539 and 1551–1552.

District Area-10644 km2 (6 townships, 72 wards and 251 village tracts)

District Population (2014 census)21% urban and 79% rural48% male and 52% female

• 46.18% forest cover (closed and open forest) (FRA 2010) and 54% of total land area is under Permanent Forest Estate.

General Information of Pilot Study Area

Main Three Stages of Pilot Study

I. Prepare baseline data on LULC for directplanning at district level,

II. Demonstration of a decision support tool indistrict level land management planning andland use zoning,

III. Public consultation in land use planning andzoning.

Summary of RS Work in District Level Land Use Mapping

Total 92 Rapideye images acquired during April 2013were used.

Images processed using a mix of automaticclassification (Segmentation by using ENVI) andmanual interpretation (in ArcGIS) .

22 LULC classes were identified. Reference to Landsat 1999, 2003 for historical land

use information. New Landsat 8 data were used to resolve inaccuracies

caused by seasonal effects. Using of Google Earth.

No Land Categories Man-made Land use/infrastructure

Town/villageBuildings Road Network

Forestry sector related land useDegraded forestForest Plantation Closed forest Open forest Bamboo break forest

Agricultural sector related land use Paddy/ Irrigated agriculture Active taunggya Fallow taunggya Tree crops Permanent dry land agriculture Commercial agriculture

1

2

3

gAquaculture

Fish ponds Shrimp ponds

Waterbody River/stream Lake Dams/ Reserviors

6 WetlandLivestock and grazing land

Grazing, grass landScrub land

Burdan land Permanent bare land Sand bars

8

4

5

7

8 Main Land Use Categories and Sub‐categories

Land Use/ Land Cover of Taungoo District

LULC 2013 km2 PercentBroadleaved forest closed 173.93 1.61Degraded Forest 4060.07 37.65Broadleaved forest open 191.49 1.78Paddy 2738.53 25.39Permanent dryland ag. 374.24 3.47Settlements 261.75 2.43Active Taungya 113.36 1.05Grassland / Grazing Land 112.74 1.05Permanent Bare Land 58.50 0.54Tree Crops 36.69 0.34Roads 17.46 0.16Sandbars 13.48 0.13Buildings 3.75 0.03Commercial Agriculture 3.19 0.03Unclassified 2.05 0.02Fish Pond 0.83 0.01Settlement 0.05 0.00Fallow Taungya 1295.36 12.01Scrubland 871.95 8.09Forest Plantation 137.66 1.28Bamboo 15.24 0.14Water - Lakes 185.67 1.72Water - Rivers 59.76 0.55Swamp / Wetland 56.50 0.52Total 10784.239 100

Input data (GIS layers)Data Content Information Source

2013 Land Use / Lancover data

22 Land Use / cover classes

actual current land use

MOECAF/ IMG/EU

Slope 3 Slope classes potential erosion risk

ASTER Global 30m DEM

Forest Admin status

3 Land Admin classes

Admin responsibility

MOECAF

Soil 4 Soil Classes Soil quality and agricultural suitability

MOAI

Rainfall 3 Classes potential erosion risk

Worldclim

Conservation Zones

2 Protection zones

Catchments

3 Slope classes in Degrees

> 20 Steep

0-10 Flat

10-20 Medium

30m Elevation Model

5 Main Soil Types

Highest fertility alluvial soils

Yellow Brown Forest soils

Yellow Brown Indaing soils

High fertility meadowAnd ‘meadow alluvial soils

3 Classes of Mean Annual Rainfall (mm/year)

Soil erosion riskWater availability

<1714 (low)

1714-2441 (medium)

>2441 (high)

Mean Annual Rainfall (mm)High : 3205

Low : 961

Catchment Protection zones (upstream of reservoirs)

Administrative Boundary

1. Permanent Forest Estate (PFE)− reserved forest− protected public forest

2. Outside PFE

reserved forest

permanent forest estate

1500 types but 250 Combinations account for 99% of land area

Linking existing govt policy / law to land

Combination of all possible types (six GIS layers)Matching of actual land conditions with logical management options

Evidence Based Land Use Management

Land Management Plan for Taungoo District based on 6physical factors

42 class LMP for Taungoo district using logical ‘rules’ whichassign use according to combination of 6 factors

1 2 3 4 5 6

42 Land ManagementClasses proposed usingrule based decision tree

Development of Draft Land Management Plan

Public Consultation in Land Use Planning

Public Consultation in Land Use Planning

42 Categories simplified into 5 general land use zones of similar type

Land Use Zoning with simplified decision rules

Land Management (42 categories) Continue using (14 categories) Need remedial measures (28 categories) Evidence based land use management

‘Continue current use’: Within PFE

‘Continue current use’: Outside PFE

Manage forest sustainably, limit clear fellingForestry

Maintain as Slope Protection Forest or develop agroforestry

Agroforestry

Degazette Paddy from RFAgriculture

Reserved land

Zone as ecological reserveFor Wetland conservation

Same Approach in Bagoand Tharyarwady District

Land Use Assessment

Same Approach in Bago and Tharyarwady District

Land Use Management Plan

2014-15 Rapideye Images2014-15 Landsat Images

1st orderClassification(6 land cover)

2nd orderClassification (26 land

uses)

Land Use Mapping for 2015-16

Challenges

Institutional Strengthening

Lim

ited

upd

ated

da

ta (

eg.

Bou

ndar

y, la

nd

Inve

stm

ent

s so

cio-

econ

omic

da

ta e

tc..)

Capacity Building

BudgetsTechnical

Human Resources

Opportunity

• Cooperation with various organizations• OneMap Myanmar- Spatial Data Platform

Thank you very much for your attention.

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