View
17
Download
0
Category
Preview:
Citation preview
[Título]
1
GRAMMAR
The Simple Past VS The Present Perfect
What's the difference between the simple past and the
present perfect?
The present perfect is used for actions that began in the past and have present
consequences. The simple past tense, however, indicates that an action is
completed at a specific time in the past.
Simple past vs present perfect
[Título]
2
Simple past used... Present Perfect is used...
1. To talk about finished actions in the
past with exact or specific details:
Examples:
Ernest Hemingway wrote The
Old Man and the Sea.
Newton died in 1727.
1. To focus on the result of a past
action without mentioning the
actual time when it happened:
Examples:
I have met him before.
I have called her a few times.
2. To talk about past habitual actions
I worked out every day for a
year.
I drove to work every day
when I worked with that
company.
2. To talk about an action
performed in a period that has not
finished yet:
Examples:
Have you met her this
morning? (The morning is not
over yet)
I have been to Paris three
times this year. (This year has
not finished yet.)
3. To talk about events that were true for
some time in the past
He lived in Paris for 20 years.
They talked on the phone for
ten minutes.
3. To show an action that started in the
past and is still taking place till now. This
is often used with
Since to indicate the
beginning of the action.
For to indicate the duration of
a certain action:
Examples:
[Título]
3
I have taught in Spain for three
years (I am still a teacher in
Spain.)
I have lived in this city for five
years. (I still live here.) .
Time expressions used in simple past tense and present
perfect
Simple Past Present Perfect
yesterday
last week
last Year
three minutes/hours ago
in January
in 1994
when I was...
at Christmas
yet
ever
just
recently
lately
already
so far
until now
How to form the simple past
The simple past is formed by adding ed to regular verbs.
VERB + ED
Examples:
I visited
I watched
I played
[Título]
4
Irregular verbs don't follow the above rule. No rule shows how to form the irregular
form of the simple past, we just have to learn these verbs and their past forms by
heart.
Bare Infinitive Simple Past
be was/were
come came
go went
drive drove
speak spoke
write wrote
Here is a list of irregular verbs
How to form the present perfect
To form the present perfect, we use the verb have in the simple present form and
we add the past participle form of the main verb.
HAVE/HAS + PAST PARTICIPLE
Examples;
1. I have visited Paris twice this year.
2. Have you finished the report yet?
3. She has met him this morning.
Things to remember
The simple past is used to talk about events that finished before
now. The time of the event is specified and the details are known.
Example:
Christopher Columbus discovered America in 1492.
[Título]
5
The present perfect is generally indicates an action that started in
the past and continued till the present or has some results in the
present.
Example:
I have studied linguistics for two years.
The simple past of regular verbs is formed by adding "ed" to the
base form of the verb.
Examples: visit → visited
The simple past of irregular verbs doesn't follow any rule. We have
to learn them by heart.
go → went
write → wrote
The present perfect is formed by adding the past participle of the
main verb to the auxiliary have/has.
Examples:
I have studied.
I have written.
REFERNCE:
https://www.myenglishpages.com/english/grammar-lesson-simple-past-vs-present-
perfect.php
Recommended