TENSES. TENSES TENSES TENSES TENSES TENSES TENSES

TENSESTENSES

SIMPLE PRESENT

Everyday, sometimes, Always,often,

usually,never, seldom

For habitual actions,Something happens

Repeatedly, how often something happens

I smoke everyday.

TENSESTENSES

PRESENT CONTINUOUS

Now. Look! Listen!

Something is happening

at the same time of speaking

Future meaning: when you have alreadyDecided to do it.

He is smoking.

TENSESTENSES

PRESENT PERFECT

JUST,NEVER,ALREADY, SO FAR,

RECENTLY

ACTION STARTED IN THE PAST AND CONTINUES UPTO

THE PRESENT

I have seen him

TENSESTENSES

PRESENTPERFECT

CONTINUOUS

ALL DAY, HOWLONG,SINCE,

FOR

ACTION BEGAN IN THE PAST

AND HAS JUST STOPPED

HE HAS BEEN SMOKING.

TENSESTENSES

SIMPLE PAST

LAST YEAR,2 YEARS AGO,

IN 1990YESTERDAY

Action took placeIn the past, generallyConnected with an Expression of time.

(no connection to the Present)

I SMOKED YESTERDAY

TENSESTENSES

PAST CONTINUOUS

WHILE

AN ACTION HAPPENED

IN THE MIDDLE OF ANOTHER ACTION

I WAS SMOKING

TENSESTENSES

PAST PERFECT

ALREADY,JUST,

NEVER

Mostly when two Actions are related toEach other: the actionWhich happened first

Is put into past Perfect and the secondAction into simple past

HE HAD LEFT, BEFORE

SHE RETURNED

TENSESTENSES

PAST PERFECT

CONTINUOUS

HOW LONG,SINCE-TO

FOR

SOMETHING HAD BEEN HAPPENINGFOR SOME TIME

BEFORE SOMETHINGELSE HAPPENED

HE HAD BEEN WORKING

SINCE 1986 TO 1996.

TENSESTENSES

SIMPLEFUTURE

He will write

PREDICTIONS ABOUT THE

FUTTURE(IF YOU THINK

SOMETHING WILLHAPPEN)

I will write.

TENSESTENSES

FUTURECONTINUOUS

I WILL BE WRITING IF YOU

COME AT MIDNIGHT

An action will be in Progress at a certain

Time in the future

HE WILL BE WORKING WHENYOU CALL HIM.

TENSESTENSES

FUTURE PERFECT

They will have Finished it before

christmas

Something willAlready have

happened beforeA certain time in

the future

He will have built aHouse before the

monsoon

TENSESTENSES

FUTURE PERFECT

CONTINUOUS

I WILL HAVE BEEN

LEARNING

SOMETHING WILLALREADY HAVE

HAPPENED BEFORE A CERTAIN

TIME IN THE FUTURE.There will be a length of time in an action

HE WILL HAVEBEEN TEACHING

SIMPLE PRESENTSIMPLE PRESENT

STEMSTEM

STEM + SSTEM + S

PRESENT PROGRESSIVEPRESENT PROGRESSIVE

‘‘BE’+ STEM + INGBE’+ STEM + ING

PRESENT PERFECTPRESENT PERFECT

HAVE/HAS+ STEM+PAST HAVE/HAS+ STEM+PAST PATICIPLE(ED/EN)PATICIPLE(ED/EN)

PRESENT PERFECT PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUSCONTINUOUS

HAVE/HAS+BEEN+HAVE/HAS+BEEN+

STEM+INGSTEM+ING

SIMPLE PASTSIMPLE PAST

STEM + EDSTEM + ED

PAST CONTINUOUSPAST CONTINUOUS

PAST FORM OF “BE’+ PAST FORM OF “BE’+ STEM+INGSTEM+ING

PAST PERFECTPAST PERFECT

HAD+STEM+PAST HAD+STEM+PAST PARTICIPLEPARTICIPLE

PAST PERFECT PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUSCONTINUOUS

HAD+BEEN+PRESENT HAD+BEEN+PRESENT PARTICIPLE(STEM+ING)PARTICIPLE(STEM+ING)

SIMPLE FUTURE SIMPLE FUTURE

WILL + STEMWILL + STEM

BE+GOING TO+STEMBE+GOING TO+STEM

FUTURE CONTINUOUSFUTURE CONTINUOUS

WILL+BE+STEM+INGWILL+BE+STEM+ING

FUTURE PERFECTFUTURE PERFECT

WILL/WILL/SHALL+HAVE+STEM+EDSHALL+HAVE+STEM+ED

FUTURE PERFECT FUTURE PERFECT CONTINUOUSCONTINUOUS

WILL+HAVE+BEEN+WILL+HAVE+BEEN+PRESENT PRESENT

PARTICIPLE(STEM+ING)PARTICIPLE(STEM+ING)