The Spirit of the Age (1790-1850) e A sense of a shared vision among the Romantics. e Early support...

The Spirit of the Age (1790-1850)

The Spirit of the Age (1790-1850) A sense of a shared vision among the

Romantics.

Early support of the French Revolution.

Rise of the individual alienation.

Dehumanization of industrialization.

Radical poetics / politics an obsessionwith violent change.

A sense of a shared vision among the Romantics.

Early support of the French Revolution.

Rise of the individual alienation.

Dehumanization of industrialization.

Radical poetics / politics an obsessionwith violent change.

Enlightenment

EnlightenmentSociety is good, curbing

violent impulses!Society is good, curbing violent impulses!

Civilization corrupts!Civilization corrupts!

Romanticism

Early19c

A Growing Distrust of Reason

The essence of human experience is subjective and emotional.

Human knowledge is a puny thing compared to other great historical forces.

“Individual rights” are dangerous efforts at selfishness the community is more important.

The essence of human experience is subjective and emotional.

Human knowledge is a puny thing compared to other great historical forces.

“Individual rights” are dangerous efforts at selfishness the community is more important.

The Romantic MovementThe Romantic Movement Began in the 1790s and peaked in the 1820s.

Mostly in Northern Europe, especially in Britain and Germany.

A reaction against classicism.

The “Romantic Hero:”

Greatest example was Lord Byron

Tremendously popular among the European reading public.

Youth imitated his haughtiness and rebelliousness.

Began in the 1790s and peaked in the 1820s.

Mostly in Northern Europe, especially in Britain and Germany.

A reaction against classicism.

The “Romantic Hero:”

Greatest example was Lord Byron

Tremendously popular among the European reading public.

Youth imitated his haughtiness and rebelliousness.

Characteristics of Romanticism

The Engaged & Enraged Artist: The artist apart from society.

The artist as social critic/revolutionary.

The artist as genius.

The Engaged & Enraged Artist: The artist apart from society.

The artist as social critic/revolutionary.

The artist as genius.

Wandering Above the Sea of Fog

Caspar David Friedrich,

Wandering Above the Sea of Fog

Caspar David Friedrich,

Lady Macbeth - Henry Fuseli, 1794

The Individual/ The Dreamer: Individuals have unique, endless

potential.

Self-realization comes through art Artists are the true philosophers.

The Individual/ The Dreamer: Individuals have unique, endless

potential.

Self-realization comes through art Artists are the true philosophers.

The Dreamer Gaspar David Friedrich, 1835

Solitary Tree Caspar David Friedrich, 1823

Glorification of Nature: Peaceful, restorative qualities

[an escape from industrialization and the dehumanization it creates].

Awesome, powerful, horrifying aspects of nature.

Indifferent to the fate of humans.

Overwhelming power of nature.

Glorification of Nature: Peaceful, restorative qualities

[an escape from industrialization and the dehumanization it creates].

Awesome, powerful, horrifying aspects of nature.

Indifferent to the fate of humans.

Overwhelming power of nature.

An Avalanche in the AlpsPhilip James de Loutherbourg,

Sunset After a Storm On the Coast of Sicily – Andreas

Achenbach, 1853

Sunset After a Storm On the Coast of Sicily – Andreas

Achenbach, 1853

The DelugeFrancis Danby, 1840

Tree of CrowsCaspar David Friedrich, 1822

The Wreck of the Hope (aka The Sea of Ice)

Caspar David Friedrich, 1821

The Wreck of the Hope (aka The Sea of Ice)

Caspar David Friedrich, 1821

Shipwreck – Joseph Turner, 1805

The Raft of the MedusaThéodore Géricault, 1819The Raft of the MedusaThéodore Géricault, 1819

The Eruption of Vesuvius - John Martin

Isaac Newton – William Blake, 1795

Dr. Frankenstein’s Adam & Eve??

Rain, Steam, and SpeedJoseph Mallord William Turner,

Rain, Steam,

& Speed

(detailed)

Rain, Steam,

& Speed

(detailed)

The Slave ShipJoseph Mallord William Turner,

The Slave Ship

(detailed)

The Slave Ship

(detailed)

Flatford Mill – John Constable, 1817

The Corn Field

John Constable,

The Corn Field

John Constable,

The Hay Wain - John Constable, 1821

Revival of Past Styles: Gothic & Romanesque revival.

“Neo-Gothic” architectural style.

Medieval ruins were a favorite theme for art and poetry.

Revival of Past Styles: Gothic & Romanesque revival.

“Neo-Gothic” architectural style.

Medieval ruins were a favorite theme for art and poetry.

Salisbury Cathedral from the Bishop’s Ground

John Constable, 1825

Salisbury Cathedral from the Bishop’s Ground

Salisbury Cathedral from the Meadows

Hadleigh Castle - John Constable, 1829

Eldena RuinGaspar David Friedrich, 1825

Winter Landscape with ChurchGaspar David Friedrich, 1811

British Houses of Parliament1840-1865

The Supernatural: Ghosts, fairies, witches, demons.

The shadows of the mind—dreams & madness.

The romantics rejected materialism in pursuit of spiritual self-awareness.

They yearned for the unknown and the unknowable.

The Supernatural: Ghosts, fairies, witches, demons.

The shadows of the mind—dreams & madness.

The romantics rejected materialism in pursuit of spiritual self-awareness.

They yearned for the unknown and the unknowable.

Cloister Cemetery in the SnowCaspar David Friedrich, 1817-

Abbey in an Oak ForestCaspar David Friedrich, 1809-

Mad Woman With a Mania of Envy

TheodoreGericault, 1822-1823

Mad Woman With a Mania of Envy

TheodoreGericault, 1822-1823

Pity - William Blake, 1795Pity - William Blake, 1795

The Great Red

Dragon and the Woman

Clothed with the Sun

William Blake,

1808-1810

The Great Red

Dragon and the Woman

Clothed with the Sun

William Blake,

1808-1810

Stonehenge - John Constable, 1836

Nightmare (The Incubus)Henry Fuseli, 1781

Manfred and the Witch of the Alps

John Martin - 1837

Manfred and the Witch of the Alps

John Martin - 1837

Witches Sabbath

Francisco Goya,1798

Witches Sabbath

Francisco Goya,1798

Procession of Flagellants on Good Friday

Francisco Goya, 1793

Procession of Flagellants on Good Friday

Saturn DevoursHis Son

Francisco Goya,

1819-1823

Saturn DevoursHis Son

Francisco Goya,

1819-1823

Greece on the Ruins of Missolonghi

Eugène Delacroix,

Greece on the Ruins of Missolonghi

Eugène Delacroix,

Liberty Leading the People Eugène Delacroix, 1830

Detail of theMusket Bearer

Delacoix, himself

Detail of theMusket Bearer

Delacoix, himself

The Rise of the Cartheginian Empire

Joseph Turner, 1815

The Rise of the Cartheginian Empire

Joseph Turner, 1815

His Majesty’s Ship, “Victory”(Trafalgar) - John Constable, 1806His Majesty’s Ship, “Victory”

(Trafalgar) - John Constable, 1806

An Officer of the Imperial Horse Guard

Théodore Géricault, 1814

An Officer of the Imperial Horse Guard

Théodore Géricault, 1814

Napoleonat the

St. BernardPass

David,1803

Napoleonat the

St. BernardPass

David,1803

The Shooting of May 3, 1808Francisco Goya, 1815

Pandemonium - John Martin, 1841

Exoticism: The sexy “other.”

A sense of escape from reality.

A psychological/moral justification of imperialism?

Exoticism: The sexy “other.”

A sense of escape from reality.

A psychological/moral justification of imperialism?

Grand Canal, VeniceJoseph Mallord William Turner,

Massacre of Chios - Eugène Delacroix, 1824

The Fanatics of TangiersEugène Delacroix, 1837-1838The Fanatics of Tangiers

Eugène Delacroix, 1837-1838

The Sultan of Morocco and His Entourage

Eugène Delacroix, 1845

The Sultan of Morocco and His Entourage

Women of Algiers in Their Apartment

The Turkish BathJean Auguste Ingres, 1852-1863

The Bullfight - Francisco GoyaThe Bullfight - Francisco Goya

Charge of the Mamelukes, May 2nd, 1808

The Royal Pavillion at BrightonJohn Nash, 1815-1823

God as the Architect - William Blake, 1794

Elohim Creating AbrahamWilliam Blake, 1805

Body of Abel Found by Adam and Eve

William Blake, 1825

Body of Abel Found by Adam and Eve

William Blake, 1825

Faust and MephistophelesEugène Delacroix, 1826-1827Faust and MephistophelesEugène Delacroix, 1826-1827

The Seventh Plague of EgyptJohn Martin, 1823

The Cathedral

Gaspar DavidFriedrich,

The Cathedral

The Cathedral(details)

The Great Age of the Novel

The Great Age of the Novel Gothic Novel:

Jane Eyre - Charlotte Bronte (1847) Wuthering Heights - Emily Bronte (1847)

Historical Novel: Ivanhoe - Sir Walter Scott (1819) Les Miserables - Victor Hugo (1862) The Three Musketeers – Alexander Dumas (1844)

Gothic Novel: Jane Eyre - Charlotte Bronte (1847) Wuthering Heights - Emily Bronte (1847)

Historical Novel: Ivanhoe - Sir Walter Scott (1819) Les Miserables - Victor Hugo (1862) The Three Musketeers – Alexander Dumas (1844)

The Great Age of the Novel

Science Fiction Novel: Frankenstein - Mary Shelley (1817) Dracula – Bramm Stoker (1897)

Novel of Purpose: Hugh Trevar - Thomas Holcroft (1794)

Science Fiction Novel: Frankenstein - Mary Shelley (1817) Dracula – Bramm Stoker (1897)

Novel of Purpose: Hugh Trevar - Thomas Holcroft (1794)

Other Romantic Writers

Jacob and Wilhelm Grimm - Grimm’s Fairy Tales (1814-1816)

Johann Wolfgang von Goethe - Faust (1806-1832)

The Romantic PoetsThe Romantic Poets Percy Byssche Shelley

Lord Byron (George Gordon)

Samuel Taylor Coleridge

William Wordsworth

John Keats

William Blake

Percy Byssche Shelley

Lord Byron (George Gordon)

Samuel Taylor Coleridge

William Wordsworth

John Keats

William Blake

George Gordon’s

(Lord Byron)Poem

She Walks in Beauty

George Gordon’s

(Lord Byron)Poem

She Walks in Beauty

• She Walks In Beauty

She walks in beauty, like the nightOf cloudless climes and starry skies;And all that's best of dark and brightMeet in her aspect and her eyes:Thus mellow'd to that tender lightWhich heaven to gaudy day denies.

One shade the more, one ray the less,Had half impair'd the nameless graceWhich waves in every raven tress,Or softly lightens o'er her face;Where thoughts serenely sweet expressHow pure, how dear their dwelling-place.

And on that cheek, and o'er that brow,So soft, so calm, yet eloquent,The smiles that win, the tints that glow,But tell of days in goodness spent,A mind at peace with all below,A heart whose love is innocent!

- Lord Byron •

When we two partedIn silence and tears,Half broken-heartedTo sever the years,Pale grew thy cheek and cold,Colder, thy kiss;Truly that hour foretoldSorrow to this.

The dew of the morningSunk, chill on my brow,It felt like the warningOf what I feel now.Thy vows are all broken,And light is thy fame;I hear thy name spoken,And share in its shame.

They name thee before me,A knell to mine ear;A shudder comes o'er me...Why wert thou so dear?They know not I knew thee,Who knew thee too well..Long, long shall I rue thee,Too deeply to tell.

In secret we metIn silence I grieveThat thy heart could forget,Thy spirit deceive.If I should meet theeAfter long years,How should I greet thee?With silence and tears.

When we parted

• How Do I Love Thee

How do I love thee? Let me count the waysI love thee to the depth and breadth and heightMy soul can reach, when feeling out of sight.For the ends of Being and ideal GraceI love thee to the level of everyday'sMost quiet need, by sun and candlelight.I love thee freely, as men strive for rightI love thee purely, as they turn from praiseI love thee with the passion put to useIn my old griefs, and with my childhood's faith.I love thee with a love I seemed to loseWith my lost saints, --I love thee with the breath,Smiles, tears, of all my life! -- and, if God choose,I shall but love thee better after death.

• - Elizabeth Barrett Browning

• A Red, Red Rose • O my luve's like a red, red rose. That's newly

sprung in June; O my luve's like a melodie That's sweetly play'd in tune. As fair art thou, my bonnie lass, So deep in luve am I; And I will love thee still, my Dear, Till a'the seas gang dry. Till a' the seas gang dry, my Dear, And the rocks melt wi' the sun: I will luve thee still, my Dear, While the sands o'life shall run. And fare thee weel my only Luve! And fare thee weel a while! And I will come again, my Luve, Tho' it were ten thousand mile!-

• Robert Burns

MaryShelley

Frankenstein

MaryShelley

Frankenstein

SirWalterScott

Ivanhoe

SirWalterScott

Ivanhoe

WilliamWordsworth’

sPoem,

TinternAbbey

WilliamWordsworth’

sPoem,

TinternAbbey

SamuelTaylor

Coleridge’sPoem,

The Rimeof the

AncientMariner

SamuelTaylor

Coleridge’sPoem,

The Rimeof the

AncientMariner

The Political ImplicationsThe Political Implications

Romanticism could reinforce the greatest themes of political liberalism or political conservatism.

Contributed to growing nationalist movements.

The concepts of the Volk (people) and the Volkgeist (national character).

The uniqueness of cultures was emphasized.

Romanticism could reinforce the greatest themes of political liberalism or political conservatism.

Contributed to growing nationalist movements.

The concepts of the Volk (people) and the Volkgeist (national character).

The uniqueness of cultures was emphasized.

Bibliographic Sources

CGFA: A Virtual Art Museum. http://cgfa.sunsite.dk/fineart.htm

“Romanticism” on Artchive. http://artchive.com/artchive/romanticism.html

The Spirit of the Age (1790-1850) e A sense of a shared vision among the Romantics. e Early support...

Documents

By: Susan M. Pojer adapted by Kathryn Raia The Spirit of the Age (1790-1850) e A sense of a shared vision among the Romantics. e Early support of the

The Romantics...bl.uk/romantics-and-victorians 1 Discovering Literature Free resources from the British Library Click on Themes Romanticism The Romantics bl.uk/romantics-and-victorians

The Dark Romantics or The Gothic Romantics Late 18 th century (UK) to Early 19 th century (US)

The Dark Romantics or The Gothic Romantics Early 19 th century (US)

Classics And Romantics

The english romantics lord byron

The Late Romantics

MAYOMAYO The Spirit of the Age (1790-1850) A sense of a shared vision among the Romantics. Early support of the French Revolution Rise of the individual

An Introduction to the Romantics

Unit 2: The American Reniassance, The Dark Romantics

CMC Romantics present…

ROMANTICS & REALISTS

The Current Canon in British Romantics Studies.pdf

Sydney Romantics SA15

Gothic Fiction & The Dark Romantics

The Romantics

Introduction to Romantics

THE THREE SCHOOLS OF ENGLISH ROMANTICS AND THE …

The War of the Romantics - Walker, Alan (1989)

Romantics Stile