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Hospital Waste Management
Dr Nosheen Zehra
Definition• According to Bio-Medical Waste
Rules;“Total waste generated by hospitals,
healthcare establishments and research facilities in the diagnosis, treatment, immunization and associated research
Healthcare Waste Characterization
Healthcare Waste
Non risk Waste (75 -90 %)
Risk Waste (10 -25 %)
Non Risk Waste• Paper and cardboard• Packaging• Food waste• Aerosols
Situation Analysis
Studies in Pakistan show that large hospital’s generate 2.0 kg of waste, per bed per day. Of this, 0.5 kg can be categorized as biomedical risk waste
Situation Analysis• In Pakistan there are about 92,000 beds in public sector
hospitals
• Pakistan –Population 160 million will rise to 250
million by year 2025
• Amount of Hospital Waste generated will increase to alarming rates due to growth of population and healthcare facilities
• No well established segregation system
• Frequent dumping of hospital waste with municipal waste
Healthcare Waste Legislations,Policies, Guidelines in South Asia
Healthcare Waste Legislation in South Asia
Risk from Waste
All persons exposed to hazardous hospital waste are potentially at risk which includes all those who either handle the waste at any stage, or are exposed to it as a consequence of careless management
HIV, Hepatitis B & C
Solution• Formation of a Waste Management
Team• Grounding the Waste Management
Plan
Responsibility for Waste Management
Waste Management Team of the Hospital/ Clinic/Lab shall be responsible to ensure proper management of the waste generated in the Hospital/ Clinic/ Lab
Duties & Responsibilities of WMT
• Preparation and Monitoring of Plan• Periodic Review• Revision or updating• Implementation of WMP• Compliance
Steps Involved
• Waste Segregation• Waste Collection• Waste Storage• Transportation• Disposal
Waste Segregation
• It is essential that risk waste is separated at source from non risk waste
• Segregation must take place at source• Must remain intact from the point of
production to the entire waste stream to the point of final disposal
Containers and Color CodingWaste Type Risk waste Sharps Non Risk Waste
Color Yellow Yellow Black
Characteristics Strong and leak proof
Purpose designed, penetration and leakage resistant
Strong and tear resistant
Designation Incineration or secure land fill
Incineration or secure land fill
landfill
Waste Segregation• Different color coding has to be assigned to
various waste for effective segregation, as:i. Black : Non-Risk waste.ii. Red: Risk waste with Sharps.iii. Blue: Risk Waste without sharps.iv. Yellow: Radioactive wastev. Green: Chemicals like Mercury & Cadmium
Other considerations• Waste Transportation• Waste Storage• Waste Disposal
Waste DisposalTreatment• Incineration• Chemical Disinfection• Autoclaving• Encapsulation• Microwave irradiation etc.,
Final Disposal• Landfill• Burying inside Premises• Discharge into Sewer etc.,
Lets the wastes of “the sick” not contaminate
the lives of “the healthy”
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