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POWERPOINT TEMPLATE
Islamic StudiesHafiz Abdul Aziz Memon UsmaniLecturer
Department of Basic Sciences & Related Studies,
Mehran University of Engineering & Technology, Jamshoro
0092-0333-2743451 1
2
Road map for first lecture
•Brief introduction and students
Rapport
•Sessional marks distribution
•Class Ethics
•Introduction to Syllabus
•TTP
•Recommended and reference Books
•Questions Answers if any
2CH (Credit Hour / Contact Hour) subject?
50 Marks
40Marks 10 Marks
(Examination) (sessionals)
3
Sessional Marks Distribution
10 (sessionals)
4
Sessional Marks
05 Attendance
25 – 26 05
22 – 24 04
19 – 21 03
Below 19 00
05 (Two Tests)
Test# 1 13th lec
Test# 2 25th lec
1. Basic Beliefs Section Unity of Allah.
Prophethood.
Concept of life hereafter.
History of collection and
compilation of Holy Quran.
Excellence of Holy Quran.
Islamic Studies
2.Quranic Section
Surah Al Hujrat. 1.Intro , 2. translation, 3. Historical background, 4. Teachings or Message
Surah Al Furqan.
(63-76)
Islamic Studies
3. Life History Section
Makki Life. (from birth upto Prophethood)
(from Prophethood to Migration)
Islamic Studies
3. Life History Section
Madni life. Migration.
Brotherhood.
Charter of Madina.
Victory of Makkah.
Last Sermon.
Islamic Studies
5. Miscellaneous Section Importance of Hadith & Sunnah.
Jehad and its types.
Moral values of society.
Taqwa, Tawakal.
Lawful earning.
Social Justice.
Islamic Studies
S. # Topic No: of lecture hrs required
01 Introduction to Syllabus 01
02 Basic Beliefs of Islam 01
03 Tauheed & its importance, Shirk and its types 01
04 Concept of prophet hood. Its need and necessity 01
05 Characteristics of prophet hood, Finality of prophet hood 01
06 Concept of life hereafter 01
07 History of collection and compilation of Holy Quran 01
08 Excellence of Holy Quran 01
09 Surah Al-Hujrat (introduction and Historical Perspectives) 01
10 Respective behavior toward Holy Prophet (صلى هللا عليه وسلم), social and moral values of society 01
11 Surah Al-Furqan 01
12 Life History of Holy Prophet (Before prophethood at Makkah) 01
13 Life History of Holy Prophet (After Prophethood at Makkah) 01
14 Life in Madina (charter of Madina Brotherhood, victory of Makkah) 01
15 Last Sermon of Holy Prophet (SAWW) 01
16 Importance of Hadiths and Sunnah 01
17 Few selected Ahadiths 01
18 Fundamentals of Islam (Prayer) 01
19 Zakat and its aims and objectives 01
20 Legal recipients, NISAB and Benefits 01
21 Fasting 01
22 Pilgrimage 01
23 Jehad and its types 01
24 Quran, Science and Muslims contribution 01
25 Ethical values of Islamic society 01
26 Revision 01
Total Lecture Hours 2612
MEHRAN UNIVERSITY OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY JAMSHORO
TENTATIVE TEACHING PLAN
DEPARTMENT OF BASIC SCIENCES AND RELATED STUDIESName of the Teacher: Hafiz Abdul Aziz Memon Usmani
Subject: Islamic Studies Batch: 11 AR Year: 1st Term: 1st
Term Starting Date: 03-01-2011 Term Suspension Date: 24-04 -2011
Recommended BooksSirat-e-Mustaqeem
By
Abdul Qayoom Natiq.
Islam the Universal Religion
By
Dr. Abdul Aziz Umrani.
Path to Paradise
By
Dr. Abdul Aziz Umrani.
Reference Books Madinaht ul ilm
By Tanweer Shah.
Towards IslamiatBy S M Dogar.
IslamiatBy Furkhanda Noor Muhammad.
Islamic StudiesByM D Zafar
15
POWERPOINT TEMPLATE
Question?“Islam is the best religion.” Justify
the statement by discussing the
peculiarities of Islam.
Islam Means –Enter into Peace
Muslim Means –
Peace with God and Man
Peace with God Means –Submission to God‟s Will deliberately
Peace with Man Means –
Refrain from Evil & do good with mankind
Literally Islam Means –Unconditional & Deliberate Submission before the will of Allah
Islam – The Best Religion
17
In the scale of religions evolution, Islam as
revealed to the last prophet Muhammad
)طي هللا ػي عي( is last manifestation of religion & is
the final & highest message for humanity.
Islam is an international program for all
nations to follow.
Islam is not the name of dogmas and religious
laws but is complete code of life.
Islam is not only the religion, which teaches
modes of worship and rituals but it has
specific peculiarities which distinguish it from
other religions.
18
The first and most distinct characteristic of
Islam is, that it has laid foundation of new
civilization and culture through the first
revelation IQRA اقرا.
“Reading & Writing” were introduced as
compulsory duty of every Muslim.
Seeking of knowledge was considered as
religious duty of man.
Before Islam there was no written book
except Bible.
1. The message of IQRA اقرا
19
Islam is a logical and scientific religion.
Quran says:
• Why don‟t you look? افال رجظش
• Why don‟t you observe? افال رذثش
• Why don‟t you think? افال رزفکش
Quran compel muslims to carry on scientific study, to
know the law of nature and to see how the nature is
working in the universe.
The tiniest objects like a bee, an ant, a spider which
have been made titles of surahs
It is the sprit of Islamic learning which produced great
physicians, mathematicians, chemists and
philosophers.
2. Scientific Studies and Research
20
ق فبزس “Get up and Warn”
This message infused the sprit of
Jehad and struggle, to establish
Allah‟s laws in the universe.
Every Muslim is given duty to
carry the message of Allah to the
last corner of the world.
Last Ummah.
3. Revolutionary message ق فبزس
21
In some religions like Buddhism and
Christianity living on alms is lawful
In other religions sitting at one place
in a temple is a worship.
Islam teaches to use ones hands and
eyes for lawful earning.
Example: our prophet‟s and
companions life
4. Focus on Lawful Earning
22
In other religions the place of
worship confined within four walls
In Islam,Whole world considered
as Masjid (Mosque)
No restriction of what sort of dress
to be worn while worshiping
But the dress of piety is the best.
ش ی رىک خ ىجبط اىزق
5. Reduces formalism & ceremonialism
23
The foundation of Islamic beliefs is laid down on
Oneness of Allah, the Supreme Being, who
possesses all the excellent attributes.
There is no such clear concept of monotheism in
other religions as it is in Islam.
Christianity – Trinity (God, Son of God and
Holy Ghost)
Hinduism – Trimurti (Brahma, Vishnu and
Shiva)
Zoroastrian – two equal gods (Ohrmazd- doer of
bad in the world & Ahrman- doer of good in the
world)
6. Clear concept of Monotheism
24
Islam has brought the concept of Equality and
brotherhood
There is no difference of caste, color and creed in
Islam
ک عؼي ضی ا رکش ک ہب اىبط اب خيق ب
ذ هللا ارقک ػ ک اکش ا ا قجبئو ىزؼبسف ثب شؼ Translation: O mankind! We have created you
from a male and a female, and made you into
nations and tribes, that you may know one
another. Verily, the most honourable of you with
Allah is that (believer) who has At-Taqwa .
7. Equality and Brotherhood.
25
8. Raised the Status of Women
Islam raised the status of women.
Woman is respected as Mother,
daughter, sister and wife.
Surah Nisa, share in Inheritance
Widows were allowed to Marry
again
Last sermon: fear Allah in the
matters of women
26
9. No Renunciation in Islam
Renunciation: the act of rejecting
physical pleasures, especially for
religious reasons oxford dictionary
ال سجبذ فی االعال
No Renunciation in Islam.
Christianity and Buddhism preaches,
that religion is apart from worldly life
But Islam teaches: This world is not
apart from religion.
27
10. Actions depend on Intention.
Hazrat Moosa (AS) gave stress on external
conduct (Actions), where as Hazrat Essa
(AS) on internal purification (Intention).
But Islam is Balance One.
االػبه ثبىبد
The most specific peculiarity of Islam is
that man‟s actions are judged by his
motives.
Motives and actions are inter-connected.
28
Peculiarities of Islam1. The message of IQRA اقشا.
2. Scientific Studies and Research.
3. Revolutionary message ق فبزس.
4. Focus on Lawful Earning.
5. Reduces formalism & ceremonialism.
6. Clear concept of Monotheism.
7. Equality and Brotherhood.
8. Raised the Status of Women.
9. No Renunciation in Islam.
10.Actions depend on Intention.
Belief/Faith/Iman/Trust/Confidence/ Reliability
Belief or Faith is the basis of all actions.
Firm, unshakable and doubtless thoughts of a person are the axis and basis of all actions, functions, movements and activities.
What is IMAN? According to pure Islamic terminology.
Basic Beliefs of Islam
31
IMAN? According to pure Islamic terminology.
کے هللا کہ ے ہ اب ں اططالػ خبص کے د
ؽاط بسے ع زؼيق کے ؽققزں اغی پغجش
کچ ع ں سا ب عے ؽذد کے ادساک آالد اس
رؼبىی هللا ذاذ ػي ع پبط بسے اس ثزالئں
کی اط کش ب عچب ک ا الئں عے ؽشف کی
کش۔ قجه کش ب ؽق ک ا اس کش رظذق
عے اسغت اطال رؼيق کب اب ششػی ثشؽبه
ے۔ رب
32
Branches of IMAN: ػ اثی ششح سػی هللا ػہ قبه قبه سعه هللا طيی هللا ػيہ عي
االب ثؼغ عجؼ شؼجۃ فبفؼيب قه ال اىہ اال هللا ادبب اب ؽۃ
االری ػ اىطشق اىؾبء شؼجۃ االب
It is narrated on the authority of Abu Huraira ( سػی
that the Messenger of Allah (may peace and (هللا ػہ
blessings be upon him) said: Faith has over seventy
branches, the most excellent of which is the
declaration that there is no god but Allah, and the
humblest of which is the removal of what is
injurious from the path and modesty is the branch
of faith. (The Book of Faith (Kitab Al-Iman) Muslim :: Book 1 : Hadith 56)
Al Bakarah-285
ا ع اىش ب ہ ى ضه ا ا ه ث ثہ س إ اى ي کو ا ثبہلل کزجہ ئکزہ
سعيہ ث ال . ا فش عيہ ؽذ س
The Messenger (Muhammad طي هللا ػي عي (believes in what has
been sent down to him from his lord, and (so do) the believers.
Each one believes in Allah, His angels, His books and His
messengers.
Al Bakarah-177
ا ظ ى اىجش ى ار ع قجو ہ ى ک غشة اى شش ا اى اىجش اى ک ثبہلل
اال اى اىکز ئکۃ ي خش اىج ت
It is not Al-BIRR (piety, righteousness, and each and every act
of obedience to Allah etc.) that you turn your faces towards the
east and (or) west (in prayers); but Al Birr is (the quality of)
the one who believes in Allah, the Last Day, the Angels, the
Book, the Prophets.
An Nisa-136
خش اال اى سعيہ کزجہ يئکزہ کفش ثبہلل ذا فقذ ػو ػيالا ثؼ
And whoever disbelieves in Allah, His Angels, His
Books, His messengers, and the Last Day, then indeed
he has strayed far away.
An Nisa-78 ذ هللا ػ قو کو Say (o Muhammad صلى هللا عليه وسلن(: “All things are from
Allah”
Al Burooj-16 ذ ب ش فؼبه ى(He is the) Doer of whatsoever HE intends (or wills)
Hadith-e-Gabriel حديث جبريلثب ؾ ػذ سعه هللا : سػ هللا ػ قبه ث اىخطبةػ ػش
طي هللا ػي عي راد ئر ؽيغ ػيب سعو شذذ ثبع اىضبة
شذذ عاد اىشؼش ال ش ػي أصش اىغفش ال ؼشف ب أؽذ ؽز
عيظ ئى اىج طي هللا ػي عي فأعذ سمجز ئى سمجز ػغ
ذ أخجش ػ اإلعال فقبه سعه هللا : مف ػي فخز قبه ب ؾ
اإلعال أ رشذ أ ال ئى ئال هللا :طي هللا ػي عي
ذا سعه هللا ، رق اىظالح ، رإر ؾ أ
اىضمبح ، رظ سؼب ، رؾظ اىجذ ئ اعزطؼذ
! فؼغجب ى غأى ظذق . قبه طذقذ .اى عجال
Hadith-e-Gabrielحديث جبريلأ رإ ثبہلل :قبه . فأخجش ػ اإلب : قبه
الئنز مزج سعي اى اخش رإ ثبىقذس
. فأخجش ػ اإلؽغب : قبه . طذقذ : قبه . خش شش
: قبه . أ رؼجذ هللا مأل رشا فا ى رن رشا فا شاك : قبه
ب اىغإه ػب ثأػي : قبه . فأخجش ػ اىغبػخ
أ ريذ األخ سثزب : قبه . فأخجش ػ أبسارب : قبه . اىغبئو
أ رش اىؾفبح اىؼشاح اىؼبىخ سػبء اىشبء زطبى ف
ب ػش أرذس : ص اطيق فيجضذ يب ،ص قبه . اىجب
ئ عجشو أربم ؼين : قبه . اىغبئو ؟ قيذ هللا سعى أػي
سا غي. دن
38
On the authority of Omar bin khatab, who said : One daywhile we were sitting with the messenger of Allah thereappeared before us a man whose clothes were exceedinglywhite and whose hair was exceedingly black; no signs ofjourneying were to be seen on him and none of us knew him.He walked up and sat down by the prophet. Resting his kneesagainst his and placing the palms of his hands on his thighs, hesaid:"O Muhammad, tell me about Islam".
The messenger of Allah said: "Islam is to testify thatthere is no god but Allah and Muhammad isthe messenger of Allah, to perform theprayers, to pay the zakat, to fast in Ramadhan,and to make the pilgrimage to the House ifyou are able to do so.“
Hadith Gabriel on Islam & Iman
39
He said:"You have spoken rightly", and we wereamazed at him asking him and saying that he hadspoken rightly. He said: "Then tell me about iman.
He said:"It is to believe in Allah, His angels,His books, His messengers, and the LastDay, and to believe in divine destiny, boththe good and the evil thereof.“
He said:"You have spoken rightly". He said: " Thentell me about ihsan.“
He said: "It is to worship Allah as you are seeingHim, and while you see Him not yet truly He seesyou".
Hadith Gabriel on Islam & Iman
40
Hadith Gabriel on Islam & Iman He said: "Then tell me about the Hour".
He said: "The one questioned about it knows no better thanthe questioner.“
He said: "Then tell me about its signs.“
He said: "That the slave-girl will give birth to her mistressand that you will see the barefooted, naked, destituteherdsman competing in constructing lofty buildings.“
Then he took himself off and I stayed for a time. Then hesaid: "O Omar, do you know who the questioner was?" Isaid: "Allah and His messenger know best". He said: "Hewas Jibril (Gabriel), who came to you to teach you yourreligion.” (Muslim)
41
Five Fundamental Basic BeliefsOR
Five main articles of the Islamic faith
1. Believe in Allah ثبہلل اإلب
2. Believe in angels اإلب ثبىالئنخ
3. Believe in books ثبىنزت اإلب
4. Believe in prophethood إلب ثبىشعوا
5. Believe in life hereafter ثالخشاإلب
Conclusion:
43
First part of Islam belongs to faith (Iman) the
truth brought by the holy prophet Muhammad
( وسلن عليه هللا صلى ). Faith means assent of the
heart and agreement with tongue on the
unseen things on the statement of the prophet
( وسلن عليه هللا صلى ). This part is called principles
of Islam. A man who accepts religion Islam
has to believe in Oneness of Allah, His
angles, His prophets, His books and life
hereafter.
44
It is well defined in hadith that once the prophet
( وسلن عليه هللا صلى ) was asked by a person that what
is Iman? The prophet ( وسلن عليه هللا صلى ) replied
that Iman means to believe in Oneness of Allah,
His angels His Holy Books, His prophets and life
hereafter. The same person asked again then what
is Islam. The prophet ( وسلن عليه هللا صلى ) replied
that Islam means to worship Allah and do not
associate any one with Him, keep up prayer, pay
charity observe fast and perform pilgrimage.
As in Hadith-e-Gabriel حديث جبريل
45
Tauheed or Unity Of AllahTo believe in Oneness of Allah is the main principle of
Islam. It is bed-rock of all beliefs in Islam. The whole
structure of Islam is built up on the concept of
monotheism (Tauheed). The best known expression of
Divine Unity is contained Kalima Tayyab:
There is no God besides Allah; Muhammad is the
Messenger of Allah.
Similarly the all prophets
46
Tauheed A/C to Shah WaliullahAccording to Shah Waliullah , the conception of
Tauheed depends on the following four ideas
i. The essential being is One, Who is God. The
existence of this universe depends on Him
ii. The creator of this universe is One.
iii. The management of all affairs of the universe is
made by only God
iv. Only God is worthy to be worshipped.
when above four ideas come in the mind and man
feels the greatness and superiority of God over all
the world, then man bows down before the Being
who is worthy to be worshipped.
47
What is the importance of Oneness.
The Message of every prophet is Oneness or Tuaheed.
ارق ہ اػجذا هللا ار قبه ىق اثشہ ا ش ىک خ رىک
رؼي ز کAnd (remember) Ibrahim when he said to his Translation:
people: “Worship Allah (alone(, and fear Him: that is better for
you if you know.” Al-Ankabut-16
ش اىہ غ ب ىک اػجذا هللا ق ہ فقبه ؽب اىی ق ىقذ اسعيب
Translation: Indeed we send Noah to his people and
he said: “O my people! Worship Allah! You have no
other ilah (God) but Him. 59-االعراف
48
The Message of every prophet is oneness.
ش اىہ غ ب ىک اػجذا هللا ق دا قبه ہ اىی ػبد اخبہ (people we sent) their AadAnd to Translation:
brother Hood. He said: “O my people! Worship Allah!
You have no other ilah 65-االعراف (God) but Him.
ش اىہ غ ب ىک اػجذا هللا ق طيؾب قبه د اخبہ اىی ص (people we sent) their SamoodAnd to Translation:
brother Salih. He said: “O my people! Worship Allah!
You have no other ilah 73-االعراف (God) but Him.
49
ش اىہ غ ب ىک اػجذا هللا ق جب قبه شؼ اخبہ ذ اىی And to (the people of ) Madyan, (we Translation:
sent) their brother Shoaib. He said: Worship Allah!
.You have no other ilah (God) but Him 85-االعراف
غزق زا طشاؽ فبػجذ سثک سثی هللا ا
Translation: “verily, Allah! He is my lord (God( and
your lord (God). So worship Him (Alone). This is the
(only) straight path. Surah Az-Zukhruf-64
The Message of every prophet is oneness.
50
بری ہلل ؾبی غکی طالری قو ا
شد ثزىک ا ک ىہ ﴿﴾ ال شش سة اىؼي
﴾﴿ غي ه اى اب اTranslation: Say (O Muhammad (صلى هللا عليه وسلن :
“Verily, my Salat (prayer), my sacrifice, my living,
and my dying are for Allah, the Lord of the
Alameen (mankind, Jinn and all that exists).
“He has no partner. And of this I have been
commanded, and I am the first of the Muslims.”
163-162االنعام
The Message of every prophet is oneness.
52
IMAN-e-MUJMAL اب غو
I believe in Allah as HE is with His
names and attributes, and I have
accepted all His orders, agreement
through tongue and testifying by heart.
53
ہلل اال ب اىؾغ ء ع بثہ ی فبدػ
And (All) the most beautiful names Translation:
.180belong to Allah, so call on Him by them-االػشاف
Names of Allah
All-Hearer عغ
All-Seer ثظش
All-Provider سصا
All-Knower ػي
All-Wise ؽن
54
The Attributes of Allah
Allah ئى
Ruler هللا أؽذ حاكم ذ )1(قو ىذ )2(هللا اىظ ى يذ )3(ى ى ا أؽذ مف (Ikhlas1-4)ن ى
Translation: Say (Muhammad (صلى هللا عليه وسلن “He is
Allah, (the) One. Allah is self-sufficient master. He
begets not, nor was He begotten. And there is none co-
equal or comparable to Him.
۔۔۔ اىہهللا The + Book = The Bookهللا عغے = اىہ + اه ہغزی عظ عے عت عے صبد ثڑ کش ؾجذ کی عبئے، عغے = ىغی ؼی = اىہ
عت عے صبد چبہب عبئے۔ اعی کے ىئے عت عے صبد ؾذ کی عبئے۔
55
The Attribute of Allah: Guardian سة
Rulerحاكم
ذ زا اىج ) 3(فيؼجذا سة اىز أؽؼ
ف (4) خ آ عع Translation: So let them worship the Lord of this
House. Who provides them with food against
hunger, and with security against fear (of danger).
(Quresh 3-4)
پالنے واال، ابياری کرنے واال
بھوک ميں کھالنے واال
خوف ميں امن دينے واال
56
The Attribute of Allah: Ruler ؽبم ئال ہلل • اىؾن ئ اىق ش أال رؼجذا ئال ئب رىل اىذ (Yusuf 40)أ
The command is for none but Allah. He Translation:
has commanded that you worship none but Him; that
is the (true) straight religion.
• اىنبفش ىئل ب أضه هللا فأ ؾن ث ى (Maida 44) Translation: And whosoever does not judge by that
which Allah has revealed, such are disbelievers.
• اىظبى ىئل ب أضه هللا فأ ؾن ث ى (Maida 45)wrong-doers
• اىفبعق ىئل ب أضه هللا فأ ؾن ث ى (Maida 47)
Rebellious or disobedient
57
Allah is the provider,
Ask only Allah
هللا ھی دیتا ھے۔
صرف هللا سے هانگو۔
Tauheed Comprehensively
58
Holy Quran is full of Tauheed
(Al-Baqarah-162) اؽذ ال اىہ اال اىہ اىـہکAnd your Illah (god) is one Illah (i.e. Allah)
there is none who has right to be worshiped but
only HE
(Bani-Israel-23) ا اب اال رؼجذ اال
Worship none but Him ذ ػجبدد کش گش اط کی
(Ad-Dukhan-8) ى اال سة اثبئک ذ سثک ؾی اىہ اال ال
None has the right to be worshiped but Him. It
is He who gives life and causes death. Your lord
and the lord of your forefathers
59
Holy Quran is full of Tauheed
(yousuf-39) اؽذ اىقہبس هللا اى ش ا خ ق زفش ءاسثبة
Are many different lords (gods) better or
Allah, the One the irresistible.
(Al-Anbiya-22) ۃ اال هللا ىفغذرب ب اى ہ ف کب ى
Had there been therein (in the Heavens &
Earth) gods beside Allah, then verily both
would have been ruined.
60
Ahadith related to Tauheed
تفلحونہللااالالہالقولوا
الجنۃدخلہللااالالہالقالمن
ياقلتقالالثقفیعبدہللابنسفيانعن
اٴساٴلالقوالا االسالمفیلیقلہللارسول
قال(ک بعدروايۃ فیو) غيرکاحداا عنہ
مااستقمثمباہللامنتقل
61
Effects or Benefits
Self respect / self confidence
Humility / meekness
Broadness / broadmindness
Firmness and bravery
Hope and inner-satisfaction
Piousness
Reliability on only one
62
Shirk The opposite word of Tauheed is Shirk, which
means partnership with God or to associate any
thing with God.
Shirk is the gravest of all sins. The Quran says:
ػظ شک ىظي اىش جی ال رششک ثبہلل ا ؼظہ الثہ ار قبه ىق And (remember)when Luqman said to his son when
he was advising him: “O my son! Do not associate
anyone with Allah, Surely Shirk is gravest sin.
(Luqman-13)
63
Shirk God can pardon any type of sin except shirk.
The Quran says:
شبء رىک ى ب د غفش ششک ثہ هللا ال غفش ا اAllah does not forgive the association of other gods
with Him and forgives what is besides that to
whomsoever He wills. (Al Nisa-48 and 116)
ثشک هللا اط ک ں ثخشزب کہ اط کب ششک ٹشاب عبئے، اس
ثخشذے گب اط کے عا عظ ک چبے۔
64
Shirk The punishment of shirk is permanent Hell
Fire. The Quran says:
ىہ اىبس ب ہ اىغۃ هللا ػي ششک ثبہلل فقذ ؽش اہ
Verily, whosoever sets up partners with Allah,
then Allah has forbidden paradise for him,
and the fire will be his abode.
ثشک ع هللا کب ششک ٹشائے ر رؾقق هللا ے اط پش عذ ؽشا
72-کش دی ے۔ اس اط کب ٹکبب دصؿ ے۔ اىبئذ
65
Polytheism & its Various manifestation
Definition: Shirk basically is polytheism; i.e. the
worship of others along with Allah. It also implies
attributing divine attributes to any other besides
Allah. It particularly implies associating partners
in worship with Allah or believing that source of
power, harm or blessing is from others besides
Allah.
Types: There are two main types of Shirk, namely
i. Ash-Shirk al-Akbar, i.e. major shirk
ii. Ash-Shirk al-Asghar, i.e. minor shirk
66
Major shirkThe major and serious polytheistic form has
following aspects:
a) Shirk ad-Dua (invocation): This aspect
implies invoking, supplication or praying
to other deities beside Allah.
b) Shirk an-niyyah wal-Iradah wal-Qasd:
This aspect implies intentions, purpose
and determination in acts of worship or
religious deeds, not for the sake of Allah
but directed towards other deities.
67
Major shirk
c) Shirk at-Taah (Obedience): This aspect
implies obedience to any authority against
the order of Allah.
d) Shirk al-Mahabbah (Love): This implies
showing the love which is due to Allah
Alone to other than Him.
e) Shirk al-Ilm (Knowledge): This implies
showing knowledge belonging to Allah
Alone to other than Him.
68
Major shirkf) Shirk at-Tasaruf (Utilization): This
implies showing control and utilization of
the universal things to other deities beside
Allah.
Minor shirk Ar-Riya (acts performed to show off):
Any act of worship or any religious deed
done in order to gain praise, fame or for
worldly benefit, falls under this category.
69
Concept of Source in Islam
The real concept of
source ) عي( is the
Holy Quran and
procedure of the Holy
Prophet (طي هللا ػي عي)
Prophethood,
Difference b/w Rasool & Nabi,
Need & Necessity of Prophethood,
Status of Prophets,
Characteristics of Prophethood, &
Proves of the Finality of Prophethood.
70
71
Prophethood It is the system or arrangement
through which Almighty Allah
conveyed His Message to the
Mankind.
It is the chain of people who
conveyed Message of Allah to the
People.
72
Prophet ?
The personality through which
Allah conveyed his Message.
Message?
The message was ONENESS or
towards ONENESS
It is narrated in the books of Ahadiths, that
Almighty Allah (SW) sent down 124,000
(approximately) prophets for the guidance of
humanity and in few books the number is
200,000.
26 prophets names are mentioned in Holy
Quran.
آد، اثشا، ادسظ، اعبػو، اة، اىغغ، اىبط، داؤد، راىکفو،
صکشب، عيب، شؼت، طبىؼ، ػضش، ػغی، ؾذ، عی، ػ،
بس، د، ؾی، ؼقة، عف، ظ، ىؽ، اعؾب
6 prophets names are the titles of surahs.73
Importance of Prophethood
74
Prophethood in Quranبد • 7-سػذ ىکو ق
To every nation there is a Guide. Translation:
ال • ع ۃ س 36-ؾو ىقذ ثؼضب فی کو ا
And verily, we have sent among every Translation:
Ummah (nation, community) a messenger.
ش• ہب ز ۃ اال خال ف ا 24-فبؽش ا
And there never was a nation but a Translation:
Warner has passed among them.
ث ال • ا فش عيہ ؽذ 285-ثقشس
We make no distinction between one Translation:
another of his messengers .
سعه is from the word سعبى which means
“Message” that is why known as messenger or
message conveyer. Ibrahim, Moosa etc
ج is from the word جب which means “News”
that is why known as News conveyer or apostle.
Idrees, Yuonus, Loot etc.
Rasool = New Shariah + New Scripture (s)
Nabi = No new Shariah + No Scripture, but they
preach and follow the Shariah of previous or
existing Rasool.
Rasool one at a time, Nabi could be many. 75
Difference b/w Rasool and Nabi
76
Need & Necessity of Prophethood
ہ ال سع اىزی ثؼش فی اال زہ ا ہ ا ػي زي
ہ ۃ ضک اىؾک اىکزت 02-عؼ ؼي
Purpose of Prophethood
OR
Reciting to them the verses.
Purifying them (from disbelieve and polytheism)
Teaching them the book(the Quran, Islamic Laws
and Islamic jurisprudence) and Al-Hikma (As-
Sunnah: legal ways, orders, acts of worship etc.)
77
Need & Necessity of Prophethood
Purpose of Prophethood
OR
To tell Humanity, the purpose of life.
To aware the Humanity, the Allah‟s Will and
inclination.
To aware humanity, about the liking and disliking
of Allah.
To eject people from the slavery of slaves to the
slavery of Allah.
To make people successful.
78
Situations in which Allah sent prophets
1. In an area / community where never ever any
prophet came.
2. To nations / areas where prophets came, they
completed their missions and passed away.
With the passage of time their teachings were
violated, corrupted and became in-applicable.
Allah sent the prophets again and again.
3. For the completion of the mission of the
martyred prophet, prophets were sent
4. On the request / for the help of a prophet,
prophets were sent.
79
Status of Prophets
Worthy of obedience. قبثو اؽبػذ
Exegete the book of God. شبسػ کزبة هللا
Teacher and Guide .ؼي شثی
Leader and Model. پشا اس ہ رقيذ
Legislator and interpreter شبسع اس قب عبص
Arbitrator and Judge اس قبػی ) ظف( ؽک
80
Status of ProphetsWorthy of obedience. قبثو اؽبػذ
ه غبء ع ؼا اىش اؽ ؼا هللا 59-اؽ
Obey Allah and obey Messenger.
ه فقذ اؽبع هللا غبء ع طغ اىش -80He who obeys the Messenger , has indeed obeyed Allah
هللا غبء ه اال ىطبع ثبر ع س ب اسعيب -64We sent no Messenger, but to be obeyed by Allah‟s leave
ا ؽشش زہ ہ فب ػ ب ہىک ه فخز ع اىش ب ارىک -7
And whatsoever the Messenger gives you take it;
and whatsoever he forbids you, abstain (from it)
81
Status of ProphetsExegete the book of God.شبسػ کزبة هللا
ہ ه اى ب ض ىيبط کشىزج ک اىز ضىب اى )44-ؾو(ا
And We have also sent down to you
(Muhammad the Dhikr ( طي هللا ػي عي
(Quran), that you may explain to men
what is sent down to them.
82
Status of Prophets
Teacher and Guide .ؼي شثیبد 7-سػذ ىکو ق
To every nation there is a guide
زہ ا ہ ا ػي زي ہ ال سع اىزی ثؼش فی اال
ۃ اىؾک اىکزت ہ ؼي ہ 02-عؼ( ضکHe it is Who sent among unlettered ones a
Messenger (Muhammad طي هللا ػي عي) from
among themselves, reciting to them His Verses,
purifying them, and teaching them the Book and
Al-Sunnah.
83
Status of ProphetsLeader and Model.پشا اس ہ رقيذ
ح ؽغۃ ه هللا اع فی سع ىک )21-االؽضاة(ىقذ کبIndeed, in the Messenger of Allah
(Muhammad طي هللا ػي عي) you have a good
example to follow
غفش ىک هللا ی ؾججک هللا فبرجؼ رؾج ز ک قو ا
ثک )31-اه ػشا(رSay (O Muhammad طي هللا ػي عي) “if you
(really) love Allah then follow me, Allah will
love you and forgive your sins.
84
Status of ProphetsLegislator and interpreter شبسع اس قب عبص
جذ اىط ؾو ىہ کش اى ػ ہہ ف ؼش ثبى ش ب
اىخجئش اال ػشاف ہ ػي 157-ؾشHe commands them for Al-Maaruf (i.e. Monotheism
and all that Islam has ordained); and forbids them
from Al-munkar (i.e. disbelief, polytheism of all types,
and all that Islam has forbidden); he allows them as
lawful At-Tayyibat (i.e. all good and lawful as regards
things, deeds, beliefs, persons, foods), and prohibits
them as unlawful Al-Khabaaith (i.e. all evil and
unlawful as regards things deeds, beliefs, persons,
foods)
85
Status of ProphetsArbitrator and Judge اس قبػی ) ظف( ؽک
ب اىبط ث ث ک اىکزت ثبىؾق ىزؾک ضىب اى اب ا
105-اسىک هللا غبء
Surely, we have sent down to you (O
Muhammad طي هللا ػي عي) the book
(this Quran) in truth that you might
judge between men by that which Allah
has shown you (i.e. has taught you
through Divine Revelation)
86
1.Humanity اغبذ Who was needy of Guidance ?
Human Prophets were also Human or
from Humanity
ب ا سعبال ال قجيک ا سعيب ہ ى ا ؽی
Translation: And we sent not before you
(as messengers) any but men to whom we
revealed (Yusuf-109)
Characteristics of Prophethood
87
Humanity اغبذ
ب ا قو ا ضيک ىی ی ا ؽ ب ثشش
Translation: Say (O Muhammad طي هللا
I am only a man like you”. It“ (ػي عي
has been revealed to me … 111-کف
Every aspect of prophet‟s life is guidance
How the life of an angel can be the
suitable for human to follow
Example of Hazrat Shah Waliullah
Prophets are physically human but their
teaching is light.
88
All prophet are innocent. Only prophets are
innocent.
They are free from errors, mistake and
crime.
Why we fall into mistake and crime ?
ی ﴿ اىہ طق ػ ب ؽی ﴿۳ ؽی اال ﴾۴﴾ ا
Translation:He does not speak of (his own)
desire. It is only a Revelation revealed.
What about Adam, Musa, ibrahim, younus?
How we come to know? Recovery
prostration
2. Innocence ؼظذ
89
Prophethood is not achievable position
Our prophet is last prophet, but before our
prophet none was able to get it through any
mean, say, meditation, worship and prayers
It is a gift or bounty of Allah
ؽ ا هللا غؼو سعبىزہ ش ػي
Translation: Allah knows best on whom to
place/bestow prophethood. 124-االؼب
شبء زہ خزض ثشؽ هللا ( 105-اىجقش )
Allah chooses for His mercy whom He wills
Muhammad in Cave Hira, Jesus, Moses ?
3. Gift of Allah
90
Prophethood is worthy of obedience ?
Teaching or way of prophethood is
applicable to the life of common people
Prophethood is “model to follow”
هللا غبء ه اال ىطبع ثبر ع س ب اسعيب -64
We sent no Messenger, but to be obeyed by
Allah‟s leave
ه فقذ اؽبع هللا غبء ع طغ اىش -80
He who obeys the Messenger , has indeed
obeyed Allah
4. Worthy of Obedience
91
Finality of Prophethood1. Proved from Quran and Hadith اىج خبر
ه هللا ع س ىک عبىک س ذ اثب اؽذ ؾ ب کب
Translation: Muhammad is not the father of
any of your men, but he is the messenger of
Allah and the seal of prophets. 40-االؽضاة
Last Sermon, اب خبر اىج ال جی ثؼذی
I am the Last prophet, no prophet after me
بہب اىبط ؼبقو ع ک اى
ه هللا ای سع
Translation: Say (O Muhammad طي هللا ػي
O mankind! Verily, I am sent to you all“ (عي
as messenger of Allah. 158-اال ػشاف
92
1. Proved from Quran and Hadith
شا ز شا ک اال کبفۃ ىيبط ثش ب اسعي Translation: And we have sent you (O
Muhammad طي هللا ػي عي ) except as a
giver of glad tiding and a Warner to all
mankind.( 28-عجب )
ذ ىک سػ زی ؼ ک ذ ػي ار ک د يذ ىک اک اى
ب د عال ) 3-اىبئذ(االTranslation: This day, I have perfected your
religion for you, completed My favour upon you,
and have chosen for you Islam as your religion.
93
1. Proved from Quran and Hadith
﴿ ہ ۱اىـ ت ف ﴾ رىک اىکزت ال س
﴿ زق ۲ہذی ىي إ ﴾ اىز
ب يح اىظ ق ت ثبىغ
﴿ فق ہ ۳سصق إ اىز ﴾
ضه ب ا ک ضه اى ب ا قجيک ث
﴿ ق خشح ہ ﴾۴ ثبال
94
2. Quran is safe from all changes
﴿ اب ىہ ىؾفظ کش ىب اىز ض ﴾۹اب ؾ
Translation: Verily, we it is we who
have sent down the Zikr (Quran) surely,
we will guard it (from corruption). (Al
Hijir-9)
Easy to memorize.
Share experience.
96
4. “Convey the Message of God” is the responsibility of every believer
ىزک ۃ ا ک اىی اىخ ذػ ب ش ش ؼش ثبى ف
ہ اى ػ ا کش ئک ہ ى فيؾ )104-اه ػشا( اى
let there arise out of you a group Translation:
of people inviting all that is good (Islam),
enjoining Al-Maroof (i.e. Islamic
Monotheism and all that Islam orders one to
do) and forbidding Al-Munkar (polytheism
and all that Islam Has forbidden) and it is
they who are the successful.
97
4. “Convey the Message of God” is the responsibility of every believer
خ ک ۃ ا ش ز خشعذ ىيبط رب ا ش ؼش ہ ثبى ر ف ػ
اى رإ )110-اه ػشا( ثبہلل کش
You are the best people ever Translation:
raised up for mankind, you enjoin Al-Maroof
(i.e. Islamic Monotheism and all that Islam
orders one to do) and forbid Al-Munkar
(polytheism and all that Islam Has
forbidden), and you believe in Allah.
98
4. “Convey the Message of God” is the responsibility of every believer
ا اىی هللا يی ادػ عج ارجؼی قو ز شح اب ػيی ثظ
)108-عف(
Translation: Say (O Muhammad طي هللا ػي عي )
“This is my way; I invite to Allah with true
knowledge, I and whosoever follows me (Also
must Invite others to Allah)
Caliph of Allah, Second to prophet and
Inherit to Quran.
Methodology …
Concept of Life hereafter
100
Our Beliefs:1.Belief in Allah ثبہلل اإلب 2.Belief in prophethood
إلب ثبىشعوا 3.Belief in angels اإلب ثبىالئنخ 4.Belief in
books ثبىنزت اإلب 5.Belief in life hereafter ثالخشاإلب
Important part of Iman. Discussed in almost all big
surahs of Holy Quran.
Several complete surahs like ،اىقبسػۃ اىزکبصش، ،اىضىضاه
اىشعيذ، اىجب، ضػذ، اى ۃ، اىق اىذش،
In the surah Al-Baqrah, v#4 خشح ثبال قTranslation: They believe with certainty in Hereafter
(Resurrection, recompense of their good and bad deeds,
paradise & Hell)
Purpose & Arguments
101
What is the purpose of creation of Human?
What is the purpose life and death?
Mulk-2 ال ػ اؽغ ک ا ک ح ىجي اىؾ د اىزی خيق اى
Translation: Who has created death & life that He may
test you which of you is best in deeds
11،12-االفطبس ﴾﴿ ب رفؼي ﴿﴾ ؼي ب کبرج کشا
Translation: Two honourable writers writing down (your
deeds). They know all that you do.
Human has purpose of life, not without purpose
Theory of Electronics, Laws of thermodynamics & Energy
There is end to every beginning, Death is the end of worldly
Life
Five Stages after this worldly life
102
1. Death.
2. Grave.
3. Resurrection Day.
4. Bridge Al-Sirat.
5. Vision of Allah.
1. Death اىد
103
Every thing could be denied, but can any
one deny death?
End of this worldly life, and start of another
life.
اىکظ دا فغہ ػو ىب ثؼذ اىد اىؼبعض ارجغ
فغہ اب ری ػيی هللا
The wise person is that who controls his inner-
desire and performs (acts) for after death; and
foolish person is that who follows his own
inner-desire and have hope with Allah.
Death اىد
104
ۃ ف اىق سک اع ف ب ر ا د کو فظ رائقۃ اى
ب اال ح اىذ ب اىؾ ادخو اىغۃ فقذ فبص اىبس صؽضػ ػ
س زبع اىغش )۱۸۵اه ػشا (
Every one shall Test death. And Translation:
only on the day of Resurrection shall you be
paid your wages in full. And whoever is
removed away form the fire and admitted to
paradise he indeed is successful. The life of
this world is only the enjoyment of deception.
Death اىد
105
شذح ط فی ثش ز ک ى د اى ا ذسکک ب رک ا
Translation: Wheresoever you may be, death
will overtake you even if you are on fortresses
built-up strong and high.( 78-اىغبء )
Therefore this is clear that death will be to
everyone i.e. every one have to die ….
Two choices (types of death)
Honourable Death (Easy) - ػضد اىی
Dis-honourable Death (Difficult) - رىذ اىی
Death اىد
106
د عے ں ڈسرب،اط ىے کہ د
کہ ىے شہ ربس سزب ے، اط ىے کہ اط کی
د اط ک دب کی رکبىف عے آصاد کش دے گی۔
. ر د ک ؾجة سکزب ے
کبفش د عے اط ىے ڈسرب ے کہ اط کی د
.کی ربسی ں
اسصقب شبدح فی عجيک اعؼو رب فی ثيذ -اىي
سعىک
2. GRAVE اىقجش
107
When any one dies, Where we put ?
It is said by the prophet Muhammad ( طي هللا ػي
,do not consider grave as a place on earth“ (عي
either it is a part of paradise or a whole of Hell
fire.”
It is the first stage after death, if successful will
be successful in next stages otherwise vice versa
Grave is also known as “Intermediate Stage” ثشصؿ
Reasons of intermediate stage ?
According to our belief torments and luxuries are
truth and are to both body & soul
3.The Resurrection Day
108
ال غزقذ عبػۃ ال غزبخش
Neither can they delay, nor can they advance it
an hour (or a moment) (Al-Nahal-61)
االخش last day
اىذ day of recompense
اىؾغبة day of reckoning
اىزغبث day of gathering
اىؾشش day of Hashr (Exodus)
اىجؼش day of resurrection
اىغبػہ day of hour
Time of last day is fixed, but only Allah knows
3.The Resurrection Day
109
ػغ اىکز غش شفق ت فزشی اى ب ف ہ ق به ہ ى زا يزب
ا ا شح ال کج شح غبدس طغ ت ال اىکز بہ ؽظ ال عذ ي ب ػ ا ا
سثک ا ال ؽبػشا ﴾۴۹٪﴿ ؽذاظي
Translation: And the Book (one‟s Record) will be placed
(in the right hand for a believer in the oneness of Allah,
and in the left hand for a disbeliever in the oneness of
Allah), and you will see the Mujrimeen (criminals,
polytheists, sinners) fearful to that which is (recorded)
therein. They will say “Woe (sadness) to us! What sort of
Book is that leaves neither a small thing nor a big thing,
but has recorded it with numbers!” And they will find all
that they did, placed before them, and your Lord treats
no one with injustice. (Al-Kahf-49)
3.The Resurrection Day
110
ب ﴿ س اخجبس ئز رؾذ ۴﴾That Day it (earth) will declare its
information (about all that happened over it
of good or evil).
﴿ شا ش ح خ ضقبه رس و ؼ ﴾۷فSo whosoever does good equal to the atom‟s
weight shall see it.
﴿ ا ش ح شش ضقبه رس و ؼ ۸﴾So whosoever does evil equal to the atom‟s
weight shall see it.(Al-Zilzal-4,7,8)
5.The Vision of Allah
112
The final stage for Mumin
Stage or state of Equilibrium
The greatest Mercy of Allah
Signs of the Last Day
113
ب فی ؼي ش ه اىغ ض بػۃ اىغ ػي ذ هللا ػ ا
ب رذسی فظا برا رکغت غذا ب رذسی فظ االسؽب
ش ﴿ خج هللا ػي د ا ثبی اسع ر ﴾۳۴ ىق
Verily, Allah, with Him (Alone) Translation:
is the knowledge of the Hour, He sends down
the rain, and knows that which is in the
wombs. No person knows what he will earn
tomorrow, and no person knows in what land
he will die. Verily, Allah is All-Knower, Well-
Acquainted (with things).
Signs of the Last Day
114
غـ بػۃ ي اىغ شع ا ک ػ ہ قو ا بہ ب ب ػي ذ سثی ب ػ
Translation: They ask you about the Hour “when
will be it appointed time? ” Say: “The knowledge
thereof is with my lord (Alone)” 187-االػشاف
ک ىؼو ب ذس ذ هللا ہب ػ ب ػي بػۃ قو ا اىغ غـ يک اىبط ػ
جب قش بػۃ رک اىغ
Translation: People ask you concerning the Hour,
Say: “The knowledge of it is with Allah only. What
do you know? It may be that he Hour is near!”
63-االؽضاة
Signs of the Last Day
115
)سا ثخبسی غي(ؽذش ثؼش اب اىغبػۃ کبر: ػ اظ قبه قبه سعه هللا طيی هللا ػيہ عي
Narrated Anas: Allah's Messenger said, "I have
been sent and the Hour as these two (fingers)."
ؽذش عجشائو.ب اىغإه ػب ثأػي اىغبئو : قبه . فأخجش ػ اىغبػخ : قبه
He said: “Then tell me about the Hour”.
He said: “The one questioned about it knows nobetter than the questioner.”
Signs of the Last Day
116
ؽذش عجشائو. فأخجش ػ أبسارب : قبه
أ ريذ األخ سثزب أ رش اىؾفبح اىؼشاح اىؼبىخ سػبء اىشبء زطبى ف: قبه
.اىجب
He said: “Then tell me about its signs.”
He said: “That the slave-girl will give birth to hermistress and that you will see the barefooted, naked,poor herdsman competing in constructing loftybuildings.”
72 Signs near to the day of Judgment
117
Narrated by Huzaifa bin Yaman… People will leave prayer.
People will usurp Ama’naat.
Lying will become an Art.
There will be murders on the slightest of
disagreements
Interest will become common.
There will be very tall buildings
People will sell religion for the world.
People will treat relatives badly
Lies will be considered truth
118
Persecution will become common
Divorces will become common
Sudden deaths will increase.
Liars will be thought of as honest
Honest people will be thought of as liars
False blames will become the norm.
It will be hot in spite of rain.
Instead of wishing for children, people will pray that
they not have children
People from bad backgrounds and with bad
upbringing will live a life of luxury (material, not
peaceful).
72 Signs near to the day of Judgment
119
Leaders will become persecutor s.
Gold will become common.
Sin will increase.
Peace will become rare.
Mosques will be decorated.
Alcoholic drinks will be consumed.
Punishments ordered by the Shariah will be revoked and
will not longer be implemented.
Women will order their mother around.
People who are with naked feet, naked bodies and
against religion will become kings.
Women will trade along with men.
72 Signs near to the day of Judgment
120
Women will imitate men.
Men will imitate women.
People will swear by things other than Allah and the Quran.
Only people one knows will be greeted with the salaam.
The knowledge of the Shariah will be used to earn worldly
things.
Assets belonging to the nation will be considered and treated
as personal treasures by the rulers.
Ama’naat will be considered ones personal asset.
Zakaat will be considered as a penalty.
The lowest and the worst man in the nation will become its
leader.
People will not obey their fathers.
72 Signs near to the day of Judgment
121
And will mistreat their mothers.
And will not hold back from harming their friends.
And will obey their wives.
Alcohol will be drunk on the highways.
Justice will be sold in the courts.
The number of men in the police force will increase.
The last of the Ummat will curse those before them (clearly
seen today in people who call the Prophet’s companion’s
names).
72 Signs near to the day of Judgment
Effects / Benefits
127
Sense of Responsibility & Accountability
Affection towards virtues & abhorrence towards
evil deeds
Server to mankind
Patience in difficulties of worldly life
Scarification for deen-e-Islam
Fearing only from Allah
Safety from carelessness
Differentiate between Human & Animal life
Concept of Revealed Scriptures
128
Our Belief: (Al Baqarah-285)
Books
1. Psalms )صثس( to David.
2. Torah )رساد( to Mosses.
3. Bible )اغو( to Jesus.
4. Quran )قشآ( to Muhammad.
Also Scriptures
10 to Adam (AS)
30 to Idress (AS)
50 to Sheeth (AS)
10 to Ibrahim (AS)
06 to Musa (AS)
106 Total
129
AL QURAN
The word )قشآ( is from the word قشء which
mean “To Read”
“The Most Readed Book”, How ?
“Quran is verbal communication of Allah, it
is one of the personal attributes of Allah. As
the attributes of Allah are immortal,
similarly this holy Quran is also immortal.”
Names of Holy Quran
130
The Particular Names of Holy Quran (5)
اىقشآ The most readed Book.
اىفشقب The criterion of right and wrong.
اىنزبة The Book.
اىزمش The admonition.
اىزضو The Revealed.
The attributed names of Holy Quran (54/55)
, س طش, شفػ, جبسك, ػظ, سؽخ, ذ
Revelation of Holy Quran )ضه قشآ(
131
Two classification
i. Fully Revelation i.e. from ىػ ؾفظ to the sky of
Earth, in the month of Ramazan.
ii. In parts on Prophet Muhammad ( طي هللا ػي
during 23 years approximately (عي
First revelation Surah Al Alaq (5 Verses, 19
words)
Last surah Al Maaidah-3 & All-imran-18
Makki & Madani Surah ? Concept ?
Before Migration Makki, After Madani
1. Period of prophet Muhammad
)طي هللا ػي عي )
2. Period of first caliph Hazrat
Abu Bakr Siddique (سػی هللا ػہ)
3. Period of third caliph Hazrat
Usman-e-Ghani (سػی هللا ػہ)133
CLASSIFICATION OF THE HISTORY
Two methods for the preservation of holy Quran
1. Memorization
2. Writing
Hazrat Usman says: Every portion (سػییی هللا ػیہ)
was written and given its specified place according
to the order of prophet Muhammad ( طیي هللا ػيی
because when ever any ayat used to revealed (عیي
prophet use to call the inscribers of
revelation(مبرجیب ؽی) or writers of Holy Quran to
bring pen & ink to write on different skins of
animals, bones, skins of tree, big leafs and stones. 134
PERIOD OF PROPHETطي هللا ػي عي
There are approximately near to fourty inscribers of holy
Quran and the famous are
All four pious Caliphs(سػی هللا ػہ)
Zaid bin Sabit (سػی هللا ػہ)
Huzaifah bin Yaman (سػی هللا ػہ)
Abdullah bin Rawaha (سػی هللا ػہ)
Abdullah bin Arkam (سػی هللا ػہ)
Khalid bin Waleed (سػی هللا ػہ)
Khalid bin Saeed (سػی هللا ػہ)
Maawiya bin Abi Sufyan (سػی هللا ػہ)
Sabit bin Qees (سػی هللا ػہ)137
INSCRIBERS OF HOLY QURAN
In the starting of His period, in 11th Hijra, in
battle Yamama with false prophet Muselma
Kazab 70 hufaz martyered.
Narrated by Hazrat Zaid bin sabit ( ػہ هللا سػی )
in Saheeh Bukhari, that on the occasion on
battle with the people of Yamama (and
Muselma Kazab) I was called by Hazrat Abu
Bakr ( ػہ هللا سػی ), when I reached, I observed
that Hazrat Umar ( ػہ هللا سػی ) was also
present. Hazrat Abu Bakr ( ػہ هللا سػی ) said
that Umar came to me and said that: 138
2. PERIOD OF ABU BAKR(رضی ہللا عنہ)
“that numerous Qura ul Quran (Hufaz) have
been martyred and if this situation would
continues and Hufaz continuously martyring,
I fear that might be a huge portion of Holy
Quran will become unavailable. That is why,
my opinion is that, you should give orders for
the collection of Holy Quran” ….
How do you do that work that prophet not
performed.
After consensus 139
PERIOD OF ABU BAKR(رضی هللا عنہ) (conti:)
Therefore Hazrat Abu Bakr appointed a committee
headed by Zaid bin Sabit to compile the Holy Quran
in a complete book format. They invited all the
Muslims who had the Holy Quran or some of its
parts with them in written format. After consulting
all such material and confirming it with his own
memory coupled with the testimony of many
witnesses, he compiled the first standard script of the
Holy Quran in a book format (The Mushaf)
Under the custody of Hazrat Hafsa ( ػہ هللا سػی )
(The meaning of The Nobel Quran by Mufti Taqi usmani page# XV)
140
PERIOD OF ABU BAKR(رضی هللا عنہ) (conti:)
Why prophet ( عي ػي هللا طي ) him
self did not take efforts for the
collection of Holy Quran?
Prophet was still alive and receiving
messages.
Not ordered by Allah
No such need at that time.141
Question?
142
This manuscript, held by the Muslim Board of Uzbekistan,
is the earliest existent written version of the Quran.
Services of Hazrat Umar are over estimation
Idea for collection & compilation
Arrangement for teaching and publicity of
Holy Quran
Madarassa system in every Masajid
Appointed teachers and specially Arab
Teachers
Salaries from Bait ul Maal
Recitation of complete Holy Quran in
Taraweeh prayers in Ramazan ul Mubarak 144
SERVICES OF HAZRAT UMAR (سػی هللا ػہ)
When Persia and Syria were conquered by the
Muslims, and Islam spread outside Arabia.
Trimizi Report, Narrated by Anas bin Malik that
on the victory of Azerbaijan and Armenia Iraqi
and Syrian people were together, there Hazrat
Huzaifa bin Yaman got worried to see the
differences in recitation between the people of both
countries.
Hazrat Huzaifa ( ػہ هللا سػی ) came to Hazrat Usman
( ػہ هللا سػی ) and said O! commander of Faithfull's “
stop the people before they differ in Quran as Jews
and Christians differed in their Holy Script”. 145
3. PERIOD OF USMAN E GHANI (سػی هللا ػہ)
Hazrat Usman appointed committee (سػی هللا ػہ)
headed by Hazrat Zaid bin Sabit for (سػی هللا ػہ)
preparing seven (or eight) standard copies of
Holy Quran. They repeated the same procedure
as was adopted for the first time when compiling
the first standard script.
Committee consisted of:
i. Zaid bin Sabit (سػی هللا ػہ)
ii. Abdur Rehman bin Haris bin Hisham (سػی هللا ػہ)
iii. Abdullah bin Zubair (سػی هللا ػہ)
iv. Saeed bin Aas (سػی هللا ػہ) 146
3. PERIOD OF USMAN E GHANI(سػی هللا ػہ)
Hazrat Usman (سػی هللا ػہ) titled as Compiler of Holy
Quran
These standard copies (called Imam)were sent and
specified to the seven main cities of the Muslim world
for their common people, so that they might be
referenced whenever needed.
147
PERIOD OF USMAN E GHANI (سػی هللا ػہ)(conti:)
i. Makkah ii. Syria
iii. Bahrain iv. Basra
v. Kofa vi. Yamen
vii. Madina viii. Hazrat Usman سػی هللا ػہ
This work was completed in 25th Hijrah.
The IMAM was again does not consist Diacritical
Marks
Thus the reading for non-arabs was difficult
Also open to the various readings
The Hijaj bin yusuf (89H-129H) dia-critical marks
were invented by Abdul Aswad Duali, improved by
his disciples Yahya bin Yamar and Nassar bin
Assim.
30 paras
7 stages 148
Conclusion
The Holy Quran is true revealed book of Almighty Allah.
This is direct conversation of Allah with the prophet
Muhammad (طي هللا ػي عي) and there is no doubt in it. It
is free from errors and no falsehood can ever associate
with it.
This is the book, there is no doubt in it (Al Baqrah-2)
150
1. The Book free from all doubts
151
And if you are in doubt concerning that which we have
sent down (i.e. Quran) to our slave (Muhammad هللا طي
عي ػي ), then bring a surah of the like thereof and call
your witnesses (Supporters and helpers) besides Allah, if
you are truthful.(Al Baqarah-23)
Falsehood cannot come to it from before it or behind it: (it
is) sent down by the All-Wise, worthy of all praise
(Allah)(Ha min Sajida/Al Fusilat-42)
1. The Book free from all doubts
Al Quran is unique book in its composition and substance.
It is incomparable. One cannot invent or produce even any
part of it, however one may try. It is a great challenge for
all.
Say: “if the mankind & the Jinn were together to produce
the like this Quran, they could not produce the like thereof,
even if they helped one another.” (Bani israil-88)
And indeed, we have given you seven of Al-Masani (seven
repeatedly recited verses); (i.e. Surah Al Fatihah) and the
grand Quran. (Al Hijir-87) 152
2. The Book Unique in design and Substance
Or they say, “ He (Muhammad ػي هللا طي
(عي invented it (Quran)” Say: “Bring you
then Ten invented surahs like it, and call
whomsoever you can, other than Allah (to
help you); if you speak the truth.” (Hood-13)153
2. The Book Unique in design and Substance
Verily, we it is we who have sent down
the Zikr (Quran) surely, we will guard it
(from corruption). (Al Hijir-9)
billions of Hufaz are present.
Paper preservation.
No one can even dare to change slightly.154
3. The Book safe from all changes
In the revelation of Allah, there is no controversial
statement. The whole book leads mankind on the
destined way. If this book would have been
composed by any other agency, there would have
been contradiction. The book says:
“Do they not consider the Quran carefully? Had it
been from other than Allah, they would surely have
found therein many contradiction.”(Al nisa-82) 155
4. The Book free from internal contradiction
This book is clear & complete, no other
versions or editions are needed.
This is the book, which includes all orders
/decrees )اؽنببد( of Allah, revealed to the
prophet )طي هللا ػي عي(
This book which revealed during the 23 years
period of the prophet )طي هللا ػي عي( step by
step and explained in detail every thing in
order to make clear every thing.
One of the proof of the finality of the prophet
)طي هللا ػي عي(156
5. The Book Clear and Complete
157
5. The Book Clear and Complete
It (the Quran) is not an invented statementbut a confirmation of (Allah‟s existing books)which were before it and a detailedexplanation of everything and a guide, and amercy for a people who believe. (yusuf-111)
158
6. The Book Miracle in wordsThe beauty of the book, changing any
single word, changes the meaning
Replacing any word is even a challenge
/ impossible
There is deep meaning in the subject
matter of the Quranic verses.
The verses posses comprehensiveness &
vast meaning.
The book that has brought light in the world(e.g. Arab
darkness light)
Mankind has been brought up from the darkness of
ignorance into light (knowledge)
(This is) a book which we have reveled to you (O
Muhammad) in order that you might lead mankind out of
darkness (of disbelieve & polytheism) into light (of belief in
Oneness of Allah & Islamic monotheism ) by their lord‟s
leave to the path of All-mighty, the owner of paradise.
(Ibrahim-1) 159
7. The Book Effective on Human Hearts
160
7. The Book Effective on Human Heats
It is HE who sent down manifest Ayat to His slave
(Muhammad عي ػي هللا طي ) that He may bring you out
of darkness into light (Hadeed-9)
And those who disbelieve say: listen not to the Quran and
make noise in the midst of its (recitation) that you may
overcome. (Ha-meem Sajdah-26)
Examples of listening of Quran and Conversion
Human take lesson from past
experiences.
Lesson to mankind
Why previous Ummah succeed
and/or not
Causes & reasons
Remembrance of human
one of proof of reveled Book 161
8. The Book of Historical Events
Why don‟t you think افال رزفنش
Why don‟t you observe افال رزذثش
Why don‟t you see افال رجظش
Orders to think about Universe & creations by
Allah
Even the description of small creations like
Bee ؾو
Spider ػنجد
Ant و
All subjects like Embryology, Astronomy, Geology,
Aerospace, physical Sciences, Marine Science, social
sciences etc 162
9. The Book scientific Studies
One of ever alive miracle of Holy
Quran
Allah has made easier
Little child can recite and
memorize
Challenge for others
Methodology (How)
Examples 163
10. The Book easy to memorize
This book is blessing of Allah for the
guidance of mankind
Reading again & again do not urge
the man
Multiple reward
Prose but more pleasant than poetry
Rhyme & flow of verses is marvelous
Experience share 164
11. The Book of Blessing
This is the book, which has brought
revolutionary change in the social setup
of human life. It has brought new
civilization and culture, moral and
ethical values, which fashioned man on
straight path.
Solution of all problems of the Muslim
world is present in implementation of
laws of Islam165
12. The Book of Mental & Social Revolution
The Book free from All doubts
The Book Unique in design and
substances
The Book free from All changes
The Book free from internal
contradiction
The Book clear and complete166
The Excellence of Holy Quran
The Book Miracle in words
The Book effective on human hearts
The Book of History
The Book of scientific studies
The Book easy to memorize
The Book of Blessing
The Book of social and mental
revolution 167
The Excellence of Holy Quran
1. Believing
2. Reciting
3. Understanding
4. Acting accordingly
5. Conveying to others.
And the messenger (Muhammad طي هللا ػي عي) will
say: “ O my Lord! Verily, my people deserted this
Quran” (neither listened to it, nor acted on its laws and
teachings) (Al Furqan-30) 168
Rights of Holy Quran
1. Introduction.
2. Historical perspectives.
3. Translation.
4. Teachings / Message.172
Four aspects to cover
ؽغش –ؽغشاد Dwelling , Chamber, Room, Inner
apartment, Resident place,
The Chambers or The Dwellings اىؾغشاد, verse# 4
“Verily, those who call You from behind the dwellings,
most of them have no sense.”
Madni Surah, 18 verses, two Ruku (10 + 08), in 26th para
(Juz)
Revealed in 9th of Hijrah i.e. year of Deputations.
Surah of character building & manners.173
Introduction
(summary of the Surah)
1. Respectable Behavior towards Holy
Prophet Muhammad )طي هللا ػي عي(
2. How to Unite collective power of
Muslim Ummah. (verse 6-10)
3. Self Reforms & Morals of society.
174
Main Subjects of Surah Al Hujurat
Translation: O you who believe! Do not forward Allah and His
Messenger )طي هللا ػي عي( , and fear Allah. Verily, Allah is All-
Hearing, All-Knowing.
Historical Background or Cause of Revelation:
Tribe of Tamim (Banu Tamim), who should be appointed as the
head or leader of the tribe.
i. Aqra bin Habis اقشع ث ؽبثظ
ii. Qaaqa bin Muabad قؼقبع ث ؼجذ
During their stay, in the presence of Holy Prophet )طي هللا ػي عي(
Hazrat Abu Bakr )سػ هللا ػ( & Hazrat Umar )سػ هللا ػ(
started discussing as to who should be appointed as the head of
the tribe. 175
Historical Background or Cause of Revelation:
Tribe of Tamim (Banu Tamim), who should be appointed as the
head or leader of the tribe.
i. Aqra bin Habis اقشع ث ؽبثظ
ii. Qaaqa bin Muabad قؼقبع ث ؼجذ
During their stay, in the presence of Holy Prophet )طي هللا ػي عي(
Hazrat Abu Bakr )سػ هللا ػ( & Hazrat Umar )سػ هللا ػ(
started discussing as to who should be appointed as the head of
the tribe.
176
Translation: O you who believe! Make not (a decision) in advance
before Allah and His Messenger )طي هللا ػي عي( , and fear Allah.
Verily, Allah is All-Hearing, All-Knowing.
177
Massage (رؼيبد): Not to forward Allah & His Messenger ) طي هللا
)ػي عي
In every act of life.
Prohibited to go ahead of the Holy prophet while
walking him.
Same to religious scholars (Ullama e kiram)
True respect.
Respectable Behaviour towards Holy Prophet
Muhammad (طي هللا ػي عي)1. Not to forward Allah & His Messenger ) طي هللا
)ػي عي
2. Respect of the Prophet must be by heart.
Translation: O you who believe! Raise not your
voices above the voice the prophet )طي هللا ػي عي( ,
nor speak aloud to him in talk as you speak aloud
to one another, lest your deeds should be rendered
fruitless while you perceive not.
Historical Background or Cause of Revelation:
Each one of them came up with a different
suggestions & arguments. While arguing in favour
of their suggestions unintentionally their voices
became loud. 178
179
Massage (رؼيبد):
Do not be aloud in talk with Prophet )طي هللا ػي عي(
in his life, similarly after his death.
Same to Ullama e kiram & Parents.
Should be calm and attentive while recitation of
Ahadith of Holy Propeht )طي هللا ػي عي( .
Should be careful about our deeds.
Respectable Behaviour towards Holy Prophet
Muhammad (طي هللا ػي عي)
3. Not to raise voice above the voice of the Prophet
)طي هللا ػي عي(
4. Not to talk with prophet )طي هللا ػي عي( as a
common person.
180
Translation: Verily, those who lower their voices in the
presence of Allah‟s Messenger )طي هللا ػي عي( , they
are the ones whose hearts Allah has tested for piety.
For them is forgiveness and a great reward.
Historical Background or Cause of Revelation:
The companions of Holy Prophet started lowering
their voices.
Hazrat Abu Bakr )سػ هللا ػ( & Hazrat Umar
)سػ هللا ػ( .
Exception of Hazrat Sabit bin Qees )سػ هللا ػ( .
181
Translation: Verily, those who call you from behind the
dwellings, most of them have no sense.
Historical Background or Cause of Revelation:
The delegation of Banu Tamim had reached Madinah
at noon time when the Holy Prophet )طي هللا ػي عي (
was having rest at his home. They started shouting
from behind the chambers and calling Prophet ) طي هللا)ػي عي to come out for them by saying يامحمد اخرج الينا Came at odd hours
Did not wait
Went to the private residency of Prophet.
Started shouting from outside.
Calling prophet with name.
182
Massage (رؼيبد):Verse # 58 al Noor
1. Before the prayer of Fajr.
2. Noon time.
3. After the prayer of Isha.
Respectable Behaviour towards Holy Prophet
Muhammad (طي هللا ػي عي)5. Calling Prophet (specially with name) in odd hours is
an uncivilized manner.
Translation: And if they had patience till you could
come out to them, it would have been better for
them. And Allah is Oft-Forgiving, Most Merciful.
183
Respectable Behaviour towards Holy
Prophet Muhammad (طي هللا ػي عي)
1. Not to forward Allah & His Messenger ) طي هللا
)ػي عي
2. Respect of the Prophet must be by heart.
3. Not to raise voice above the voice of the Prophet
)طي هللا ػي عي(
4. Not to talk with prophet )طي هللا ػي عي( as a
common person.
5. Calling Prophet (specially with name) in odd
hours is an uncivilized manner.
184
Translation: O you who believe! If a sinful person comes to
you with any news, verify it, lest you should harm people
in ignorance, and afterwards you become regretful.
Historical Background or Cause of Revelation:
Narrated in bin Ibn Kathir, with referce to Musnad
Ahmed, that Haris bin Zarar, head of Tribe Mustaliq
came & accepted Islam.
Zakat , for collection Waleed bin Uqba
Two narrations
Core Massage (رؼيبد):
Verify the news or report before taking any action
185
Translation: And know that among you there is the
Messenger of Allah )عي ػي هللا طي( . If he were to
obey you (i.e. follow your opinions and desires) in
much of the matter, you would surely be in trouble.
But Allah has endeared the Faith to you and has
beautified it in your hearts, and has made disbelief,
wickedness and disobedience (to Allah and His
Messenger عي ػي هللا طي( hateful to you. Such are
they who are rightly guided.
186
Historical Background or Cause of Revelation:
Prophet ( عي ػي هللا طي ) asked for Suggestions.
Majority to fight
Few to verify the report.
Massage (رؼيبد):
The Companions allowed to place a suggestion
before the Holy Prophet after his permission, but
they should not suppose that all their suggestions
will be accepted by him.
Similarly to we all.
Translation: (This is) a Grace from Allah and His
Favour. And Allah is All-knowing, All-Wise.
187
Translation: And if two parties or groups among
the believers fall to fighting, them make peace
between them both. But if one of them outrages
against the other, then fight you (all) against the
one which outrages till complies with command of
Allah. Then if it complies, then make reconciliation
between them justly, and be equitable. Verily, Allah
loves those who are equitable.
188
Core Massage (رؼيبد):Try for peace by removing the core cause of
dispute.
Support that group which is at right place.
Translation: The believers are nothing else than
brothers (in Islamic religion). So make
reconciliation between your brothers, and fear
Allah, that you may receive mercy.
191
Translation: O you who believe! Let not a group scoff
at another group, it may be that latter are better than
the former. Nor let (some) women scoff at other
women, it may be latter are better than the former.
Nor defame one another, nor insult one another by
nicknames. How bad is it to insult one‟s brother after
having Faith. And whosoever does not repent, then
such are indeed Zalimun (wrong-doers, etc.).
192
Translation: O you who believe! Let not a group scoff at
another group, it may be that latter are better than the former.
Nor let (some) women scoff at other women, it may be latter are
better than the former.
Explanation:
Laughing at anyone due to any defect or Fault.
Avoid hurting the hearts of the people (Main Focus).
Narrated in Muslim that Allah do not see your faces &
Wealth but see your hearts & Actions.
1. Not to Scoff or Laugh at anyone
193
Translation: “Nor defame one another”Explanation: The meaning of ىض is to find fault,
and/or to show faults of anyone and/or defame anyone
due to faults or defects.
The exact meaning is “do not defame your selves”?
Try of defaming other will defame you
Similar example is الرقزياافغن “do not kill your self”
Do not try to find faults in others, b/c every one is full
of faults or defects
فل ػة ىيبط اػ
2. Not to Defame one another
194
Translation: nor insult one‟s brother after having Faith
[i.e. to call your Muslim brother (a faithful believer) as:
“O sinner”, or “O wicked”]. And whosoever does not
repent, then such are indeed zalimun (wrong-doers, etc.)
Explanation:
According to Ibn e Abass this means that (سػی هللا ػہ)
if any person committed any wrong deed, after that
repented; calling him with same wrong deed doer like
O sinner or O wicked
3. Not to call with insulting nick names
195
Explanation:
Many types of nicks, few are allowed but
other are Haram.
Nicks of Love.
Identification Nicks ظة like ؽذسآثبد
Honourable Nicks ػش فبس , اثثنشطذق
This is Sunnah to call with hnourable
names
Avoid calling with Half Names
Tradition within our culture.
Not to call anyone with insulting nick name
196
Translation: O you who believe! Avoid
much suspicion; indeed some suspicions are
sins. And spy not, neither backbite one another.
Would one of you like to eat the flesh of his dead
brother? You would hate it (so hate backbiting).
And fear Allah. Verily, Allah is one Who forgives
and accepts repentance, Most Merciful.
197
Translation: O you who believe! Avoid much
suspicion; indeed some suspicions are sins.
Explanation:
Avoid Bad suspicions
Must have good suspicion with other
Must have good suspicion with Allah also
Having bad suspicion without any authentic
proof is Haram.
4. Avoid much Suspicion
198
Translation: “And spy not”Explanation:
Searching the faults or defects of others.
Listening to other secretly.
Searching the secrets of other specially for
blackmailing.
Drawback ? Hate in society.
Our Behavoiur? We do not do our own work…
Exception ? For safety or country.
5. Avoid Spying
199
Translation: Neither backbite one another. Would one of
you like to eat the flesh of his dead brother? You would
hate it (so hate backbiting). And fear Allah. Verily, Allah is
one Who forgives and accepts repentance, Most Merciful.
Explanation:
Definition: “ it is to make a statement about a person in his
absence, which he dislikes about himself”, further more it
is also clarified by the Holy prophet (طي هللا ػي عي) that
even if the statement is true.
6. Avoid Backbiting
200
Explanation:
Main Focus is to avoid hurting the hearts of the
people.
All these are Huqooq ul Ibad
More harsh words are used ? b/c more present
in our society. Why?
Very rarer chance of repentance (Tauba)
Exception
Avoid Backbiting
201
Forbidden actions in Surah Al Hujurat
Verse # 11
1. Not to Scoff or Laugh at anyone
2. Not to Defame one another.3. Not to call with insulting nick names
Verse# 12
1. Avoid bad Suspicion.
2. Avoid Spying.
3. Avoid Backbiting.
202
Translation: O mankind! We have created you from a male
and a female, and made you into nations and tribes, that you
may know one another. Verily, the most honourable of you
with Allah is that (believer) who has At-Taqwa [i.e. he is one
of the Muttaqun (the pious)]. Verily, Allah is All-Knowing,
well Acquainted (with all things).
Historical Background:
Victory of Makkah, Hazrat Bilal was ordered to say AZAAN.
Message:
More pious more honourable with Allah.
Divisions of Tribes & Nation, for Identification, for
fulfillment of Rights.
203
Translation: The Bedouins say: “ We believe” Say:“
You believe not” but you only say, “We have
surrendered (in Islam),” for Faith has not yet
entered your heart. But if you obey Allah and His
Messenger )عي ػي هللا طي( , He will not decrease
anything in reward for your deeds. Verily, Allah is
Oft-Forgiving, Most Merciful.
204
Historical Background (14–18):
Some people form the tribe Banu Asad came to
the Holy prophet ( عي ػي هللا طي ) at a time when
they were facing severe famine . )عبى قؾؾ( They
pretended to have embraced Islam, but in fact
they did not believe in it.
Explanation: They were doing many things wrong
1) They were lying
2) They came for the food and doing fraud (or
deceit)
3) Regarding favour to Prophet (طي هللا ػي عي)
205
Translation: Only those are the believers who have
believed in Allah and His Messenger, and afterward
doubt not but strive with their wealth and their
lives for the Cause of Allah. Those! They are the
truthful.
Explanation: Almighty Allah rejected their Iman
Definition of IMAN
Following Allah & His Messenger, afterward
doubting not and striving hard for the Cause of
Allah in complete life with own wealth and lives.
206
Translation: Say: “Will you inform Allah of your religion
while Allah knows all that is in the heavens and all that in
the earth, and Allah is All-Knowing of everything.
Translation: They regard as favour to you (O Muhammad
عي ػي هللا طي( that they have embraced Islam. Say
“Count not your Islam as a favour to me. Nay, but Allah
has conferred a favour upon you that He has guided you to
the Faith if you indeed are true.
207
Translation: Verily, Allah knows the Unseen of the
heavens and the earth. And Allah is All-Seer of
what you do.
The Surah was revealed in later days of the Holy
Prophet )عي ػي هللا طي( when the Islamic state had
established itself, and the Muslims were in need of a
code of conduct for their social behaviour. This Surah
has laid down broad principles that should govern the
social life of the Muslims. The opening part describes
the etiquette to be observed when visiting the Holy
Prophet )عي ػي هللا طي( and speaking to him or in his
presence. Then it prohibits certain acts that give rise to
social evils and mutual disputes. If any dispute arises,
the Muslims are directed to make earnest efforts to
bring reconciliation and harmony between quarrelling
groups. 208
Summary
It is declared in unequivocal terms that all claims
of superiority on the Basis of race, nation, and
language are false. The sole criterion for
determining one‟s rank in the society is his piety.
Towards the end, it is clarified that it not enough
to one‟s salvation to declare his belief orally. It is
necessary that he accepts Islam with his heart
and soul, and surrenders himself unconditionally
to the command of Allah and His Messenger. The
Name of the Surah is taken from verse 4.
209
Summary (conti…(
213
POWERPOINT TEMPLATE
Question?Discuss the Qualities of
Righteous persons mentioned in
the last Ruku of Surah Al Furqan.
214
INTRODUCTION
The Al FURQAN is one of the particular
names Of Holy Quran, which means
“Criterion” i.e. between Truth and False
Makki Surah
In 18th and 19th Para (Juz)
77 verses
From 63-76 (14 verses) in our syllabus
In these ayat Almighty Allah has
mentioned 13 qualities of his pious &
beloved servants.
215
Translation: And the (faithful) slaves of the
Most Gracious (Allah) are those who walk on
the earth in humility and soberness, and
when the ignorant address them (with bad
words) they reply back with mild words of
gentleness.
216
1. They are true slave (ABD) of Almighty Allah
ػجبد ػجذ
Slave or servant
They live according to orders of
their Master(Lord)
Translation:
And the (faithful) slaves of the Most Gracious
(Allah)
217
2. They walk on earth modestly
Translation: those who walk on the earth in
humility and soberness.They are not coward but due to fear of Allah, they walk on
earth humbly.
Hazrat Umar asked a young man, are you ill, so (سػی هللا ػہ)
walk gently.
Do not walk on the earth in proud style. You can neither tear
the earth apart, nor can you match the mountains in height.
(Bani Israil-37)
And do not walk on the earth proudly, surely, Allah does not
like anyone who is arrogant, proud. (Luqman-18)
Cause of all types of disputes is arrogant proudly style.
218
3. They do not waste their time in useless discussions
Translation: and when the ignorant address
them (with bad words) they reply back with
mild words of gentleness.
Ignorant, means posses ignorant behavior.
Salam means, peaceful behavior
Do not reply with same
219
4.They spend their nights in Humble Prayers
Translation: And those who spend the night in
worship of their Lord, prostrate and standing.
Not ignorant at nights.
Establish night prayers. (free from showing off)
Cause to be closer to Allah
Difficult to offer ?
Way of Muslims in Past ?
Prophet used offered it regularly. (8 Rakaat)
220
4.They spend their nights in Humble Prayers
A/c to Ibn Abbass, One who offered 2 Rakaat
after Isha prayer congregationally, will get
reward.
Narrated by Hazrat Usman, one who offered
Isha with Jammat, his half night in worship, if
Fajar too, Complete night in worship
Concept of sleeping & then awaking ? Yes /
not
Best time ?
Their sides remain apart from their beds, they
call their Lord with fear and hope ( Sajdah-16)
221
5.They are fearers from torment of the Hell
Translation: And those who say: “Our Lord!
Avert from us the torment of Hell. Verily, its
torment is ever inseparable, permanent
punishment.”Evil indeed it (Hell) is as an abode and as a place to
rest in.
222
6.They are moderate in spending
Translation: And those who, when they spend, are
neither extravagant nor miserly, but hold a
medium (way ) between those (extremes).
Verily, the spendthrifts are brothers of the
devils.
Ahadith, spending moderately is half of the
economy.
The person will not face any problem, who
spend moderately.
223
7. They do not associate anyone with
Allah and submit needs to Allah.
Translation: And those who invoke not any other
ilah (god) along with Allah.
They do not fall into major sins.
They do not do shirk.
They rely on Allah only.
224
8.They abstain from Homicide
Translation: Nor kill such person as Allah has
forbidden, except for just cause,
Killing any body is a major crime.
One of the signs of the day of Judgment.
Killing Human is Haram
Killing Muslim deliberately
Killing Ulama-e-Kiram
Killing innocent people in different parts of the
world.
225
9.They refrain from illegal sexual relationship
Translation: Nor commit illegal sexual intercourse, and
whoever does this shall receive the punishment.
Major crime
No culture, tradition & Religion permit this
Harmful for family life
Difference b/w human & Animal
More illegal sexual relations, more murders
Islam has given its punishment, in Surah Noor, 100
stripes
Think about you and your beloved before doing that…
226
Translation: The torment will be doubled to him on
the Day of Resurrection, and he will abide therein
in disgrace.
Translation: Except those who repent and believe
(in Islamic Monotheism), and do righteous deeds;
for those, Allah will change their sins into good
deeds, and Allah is Ever Oft-Forgiving, Most
Merciful.
227
Translation: And whosoever repents and does
righteous good deeds; then verily, he repents
towards Allah with true repentance.
We are human, we fall into sins and crimes
Doors of Allah always open, Tuaba (Repentance)
Signs of “True Repentance”
Reward by Allah, conversion of sins into good
deeds.
Again & again.
This repentance is for non-believers .
228
10.They do not give false witness
Translation: And those who do not bear witness to
falsehood
One of major Crime.
Core cause of peace
Core cause of Justice
229
11. They refrain from absurd parties
Translation: And those who do not bear witness to
falsehood, and if they pass by some evil play or evil
talk, they pass by it with dignity.
Parties in which disobedience of Allah & His
Messenger
People eat & drink Haram
Music & Dance
At least at least we can save our own self,
dependence.
230
12.They give attention to the reminder of Allah
Translation: And those who, when they are
reminded by the Ayat (proofs, evidences, verses,
lessons, signs, revelation, etc.) of their Lord, fall
not deaf and blind thereat.
231
13.They are sincere to all
Translation: And those who say “Our Lord! Bestow
on us from our wives and our offspring the comfort
of our eyes, and make us leaders of the Muttaqun
(the Pious).
232
Translation: Those will be rewarded with the
highest place (in Paradise) because of their
patience. Therein they shall be met with greeting
and the word of peace and respect.
Translation: Abiding therein, excellent it is as an
abode, and as a place to rest in.
233
Qualities of Faithfull slaves of The Most Gracious
1. They are true slave (ABD) of Almighty
Allah.
2. They walk on earth modestly.
3. They do not waste their time in useless
discussions.
4. They spend their nights in Humble
Prayers.
5. They are fearers from the torment of the
Hell.
6. They are moderate in spending.
234
7. They do not associate anyone with Allah
and submit needs to Allah.
8. They abstain from Homicide.
9. They refrain from illegal sexual
intercourse.
10. They do not give False Witness.
11. They abstain from absurd parties.
12. They give attention to the reminders of
Allah.
13. They are sincere to ALL.
Qualities of Faithfull slaves of The Most Gracious
237
Life History of Holy Prophet Muhammad (صلى هللا عليه وسلم)
Life in Makkah (Makki Life)
Life in Madina (Madani life)
Life History of Holy Prophet Muhammad
)صلى هللا عليه وسلن)
238
Life History of Holy Prophet Muhammad (صلى هللا عليه وسلم)
1. From birth up to Prophethood(40 years)
2. From Prophethood up to Migration(13 years)
3. From Migration up to death(10 years)
Life History of Holy Prophet Muhammad
)صلى هللا عليه وسلن)
239
Life History of Holy Prophet Muhammad (صلى هللا عليه وسلم)
Discuss the main events concerned
with the life of Holy Prophet
Muhammad )عي ػي هللا طي( from
his birth up to Prophethood.
Question ?
240
1. Life History of Holy Prophet Muhammad
)طي هللا ػي عي( from birth up to Prophethood.
i. Birth
ii. Childhood, foster & breeding
iii. Travel to yasrab & death of mother
iv. Under the custody of Grand father & uncle
v. Travel to syria
vi. Fight of Fujar
vii. Half-e-Fuzool or Renewal of Half-e-Fuzool
viii. Trade or As a Trader
ix. Marriage with Hazrat Khadija (RA)
x. Re-construction of Holy Kaaba & his wisdom
xi. Pre-prophethood situations & conditions of
Makkah
241
Life History of Holy Prophet Muhammad (صلى هللا عليه وسلم)
BirthIt is famous that he was Born on Monday
morning, the 12th of Rabi„ Al-Awwal, but
9th is more accurate.
The same year of the Elephant Event )ػب اىفو( .
22nd of April, 571 A.D.
Father Abdullah bin Abdul-Muttalib,
from tribe Bani Hashim
Mother Amina bint Wahab, from tribe
Bani Zahra
242
Life History of Holy Prophet Muhammad (صلى هللا عليه وسلم)
Childhood, foster & breedingThe first woman who milked / suckled him after his
mother was Sawebah ) صج( , the concubine of Abu
Lahab
On the 8th day handed over to Haleemah bint Abi
zuhaib from Bani Sa„d.
Her husband was Harith bin Abdul Uzza.
Twice or three times in a year, stayed with her 5 years
Muhammad )طي هللا ػي عي( had several foster
brothers and sisters, famous are
1. Abdullah
2. Aneesah
3. Huzaifa
4. Huzafah (or Ash-Shema)
243
Life History of Holy Prophet Muhammad (صلى هللا عليه وسلم)
Travel to Yasrab & death of mother
At the age of 6 years, prophet travelled
with his mother to Yasrab
To visit maternal relatives or grave of
husband
Prophet, mother and woman servant
Umm Ayman
They spent a month there and then took
way back to Makkah. On the way, she had
a severe illness and died in Abwa on the
road between Makkah and Madinah.
244
Life History of Holy Prophet Muhammad (صلى هللا عليه وسلم)
Under the custody of Grand Father & Uncle
Till the age of 8 years, under the custody
Grand Father Abdul-Muttalib.
Grand father died in the age of 82
The charge of the Prophet (Peace be upon
him) was now passed on to his uncle Abu
Talib, who was the brother of the Prophet‟s
father.
Abu Talib took the charge of his nephew in
the best way.
Also shepherd
245
Trade was family profession.
At the age of twelve years, he went with his uncle
Abu Talib on a business journey to Syria.
When they reached Busra (which was a part of
Syria) they met a monk called Bahira.
who showed great kindness, and entertained them
generously. (Food Party).
Asked several Questions.
He readily enough recognized the Prophet and said
while taking his hand: “This is the master of all
humans. Allâh will send him with a Message which
will be a mercy to all beings.”
Travel to Syria
246
Abu Talib asked: “How do you know that?” He
replied: “When you appeared from the direction of
Aqabah, all stones and trees prostrated themselves,
which they never do except for a Prophet. I can
recognize him also by the seal of Prophethood
which is below his shoulder, like an apple. We have
got to learn this from our books.”
He also asked Abu Talib to send the boy back to
Makkah and not to take him to Syria for fear of the
Jews.
Abu Talib obeyed and sent him back to Makkah
with some of his men servants.
Travel to Syria (conti..)
247
Fight of Fujar Was hardly fifteen
There was a series of fights
Quraish and Qais.
which continued for a number of years with lost
of several human life.
In the prohibited months )راىؾظ,راىقؼذ, ؾش,سعت(
In one of those battles, the Prophet (Peace be
upon him) attended with his uncles but did not
raise arms against their opponents. His efforts
were confined to picking up the arrows of the
enemy as they fell, and handing them over to his
uncles.
248
Half-e-Fuzool or Renewal of Half-e-Fuzool
In the olden times, within Arabia few people
felt the need for forming union at Makkah for
suppressing violence and injustice, and
supporting the rights of the weak and the
needy. Therefore they oath for that.
We establish peace in the area
We protect the travelers
We help the poor
We stop powerfuls from cruelty
Their names were فؼو ث ؽشس,فؼو ث داػ,فؼو
249
Half-e-Fuzool or Renewal of Half-e-Fuzool
(conti…( So prophet along with other people gathered in
house of a honourable elderly man called
„Abdullah bin Jada„an to renew that olden union.
The Messenger of Allâh (Peace be upon him) also
witnessed this union and commented on it, with
very positive words:
“I witnessed a union in the house of „Abdullah bin
Jada„an. It was more appealing to me than herds
of cattle.
Even now in the period of Islam I would respond
positively to attending such a meeting if I were
invited.”
250
Life History of Holy Prophet Muhammad (صلى هللا عليه وسلم)
Trade or As a Trader Prophet also adopted same family profession.
Became very famous due to his truthfulness and honesty
اىظبد اال and travelled to Yemen, Bahrain and Syria.
Khadijah bint Khwailid was a honourable business-woman.
She used to employ men to do her business for a certain
percentage of the profits. When she knew about Muhammad
bin Abdullah, his truthful words, great honesty and kind
manners, she also offered him to do business for her.
She offered him money to go to Syria and do her business,
and she would give him a higher rate than the others. She
would also send her hireling (servant), Maisarah, with him.
He agreed and went with her servant to Syria for trade.
At the age of 25, he went to Syria as a merchant for
Khadijah bint Khwailid.
251
Life History of Holy Prophet Muhammad (صلى هللا عليه وسلم)
Marriage with Hazrat Khadija (RA)
On return, Khadijah noticed, in her money, more profits
and blessings than she used to.
Her hireling also told her of Muhammad‟s good manners,
honesty, deep thought, sincerity and faith.
She realized that she homed at her target.
She disclosed her wish to her friend Nafisa, and sent her to
Muhammad bin Abdullah.
Prophet agreed after consulting with his uncle Abu Talib.
She was the first woman whom the prophet (Peace be upon
him) married. He did not get married to any other until she
had died.
Khadijah bore all his children, except Ibrahim: Al-Qasim,
Zainab, Ruqaiyah, Umm Kulthum, Fatimah and „Abdullah
who was called Taiyyab and Tahir.
252
Life History of Holy Prophet Muhammad (صلى هللا عليه وسلم)
Re-construction of Holy Kaaba & his wisdom
Fire
Great flood
With the passage time the walls of Kaaba weakened and
cracked
When prophet was about thirty five, Quraish decided to
rebuild it.
Quraish decided to use only licit money in rebuilding
Al-Kabaa
When the time came to put the sacred Black Stone in its
proper place. Then trouble broke out among the chiefs
of the tribes
Each of them wanted to get that honour of placing the
stone in its position.
253
Life History of Holy Prophet Muhammad (صلى هللا عليه وسلم)
Re-construction of Holy Kaaba & his wisdom
(conti …( Big chance of fight.
One said: “Let him, who enters the Harm first of all, decide
on the point.” It was then Allâh‟s Will that the Messenger of
Allâh (Peace be upon him) should be the first to enter the
Mosque.On seeing him, all cried with one voice: “Al-Ameen
(the trustworthy) has come.
He asked for a mantle which he spread on the ground and
placed the stone in its centre. He then asked the heads of
different tribes to lift the stone all together. When it had
reached the proper place, Muhammad (Peace be upon him)
laid it in the proper position with his own hands.
This is how a very tense situation was eased and a great
danger averted by the wisdom of the Prophet (Peace be
upon him).
254
Pre-prophethood situations & conditions of Makkah
The light of prophethood was slightly spreading in
the Makkah
So many well-known, well-mannered & well to do
persons denied to worship idols
So warqa bin Nufil, ubedullah bin Jahash, Qees
bin Sa‟ada and many more denied to worship
idols
Warqa bin Nufil accepted Christianity.
Many became Ahnaf
Many were found of truth, or true religion
Many left Makkah for sake of right direction /
truth
255
Pre-prophethood situations & conditions of Makkah
(conti …)
After the age of 35, prophet used to be
isolated
Used to go to different places, like cave Hira
It is not known exactly about his way of
worship.
Meditation.
Worship.
Remembrance of Allah.
Concentration.
Dreams used to be reality.
256
Life History of Holy Prophet Muhammad (صلى هللا عليه وسلم)
Discuss the main events concerned
with the life of Holy Prophet
Muhammad )عي ػي هللا طي( from
his prophethood up to migration.
Also mention the causes and benefits
of migration.
Question ?
257
2. Life History of Holy Prophet Muhammad
)طي هللا ػي عي( from Prophethood up to Migration.
I. First Revelation
II. Preaching of Islam
Secrete preach
Open preach
On mountain of Safa
Food party for relatives
Open announcement in Kaaba
III. Opposition of Quraish & its causes
IV. Scarification for Islam & Patience in
Difficulties
V. Offer of Quraish & deputation to Abu Talib
258
2. Life History of Holy Prophet Muhammad (صلى هللا عليه وسلن(
from Prophethood up to Migration.
vi. Migration to Abyssinia / Habsha (First
Migration)
vii.Social & economical boycott
viii.Year of Grief
ix. Miraj
x. Pledge of AQABAH-I
xi. Pledge of AQABAH-II
xii. Migration
259
First Revelation (in the Cave Hira)
When Prophet was nearly forty, at the cave Hira,
in the Mount An-Nour.
Monday, 21st. Ramadan at night, i.e. August, 10,
610 A.D. with Prophet exactly 40 years, 6 months
and 12 days of age, i.e. 39 Gregorian years, 3
months and 22 days.
Angel Gabriel came and brought the first
revelation.
Initial 5 verses of Surah Al-Alaq.
Due to first experience & Due to heavy load of
responsibility he came home a bit shaken and said
to his wife “Cover me, ... cover me.” صي صي
260
First Revelation He told Khadijah of the incident of the cave and
added that he was horrified ىقذ خشذ ػي فغ. His
wife tried to soothe him and reassured him saying
مال اثشش فاهللا ال ؾضل هللا اثذا ال ىزظو اىشؽ رظذ
اىؾذش رؾو اىنو رنغت اىؼذ رقش اىؼف رؼ ػي
.اءة اىؾق“Allâh will never disgrace you. You unite uterine
relations; you bear the burden of the weak; you
help the poor and the needy, you entertain the
guests and endure hardships in the path of
truthfulness.”
261
First Revelation She took him to her cousin “Waraqa bin Naufil” who had
embraced Christianity in the pre-Islamic period, and used
to write the Bible. He was a blind old man. Khadijah said:
“My cousin! Listen to your nephew!” Waraqa said: “O my
nephew! What did you see?” The Messenger of Allâh told
him what had happened to him. Waraqa replied: “This is
„Namus’ that Allâh sent to Moses. I wish I were younger. I
wish I could live up to the time when your people would
turn you out.” prophet asked: “Will they drive me out?”
Waraqa answered Yes and said: “Anyone who came with
something similar to what you have brought was treated
with hostility; and if I should be alive till that day, then I
would support you strongly.” A few days later Waraqa
died.
262
Preaching of Islam Our Prophet had the greatest responsibility ?
Secrete Preach:
Firstly Khadijah, his freed slave Zaid bin Harith, his cousin, Ali
bin Abi Talib, his intimate friend Abu Bakr Siddiq.
Similarly, very nearer to the prophet & already impressed by his
character and personality, like
Usman bin Affan, Zubair bin Awwam, Abdur Rahman bin Awf,
Sa„d bin Abi Waqqas, Talhah bin Ubaidullah
Also among the early Muslim were Bilal bin Rabah, Abu Ubaidah
bin Jarrah, Arqam, Abdullâh bin Masood to name few.
They are known in the Islamic literature as the early converts
عب ثق االى
It is said: when the number of Muslims reached forty, “Then
people entered the fold of Islam in hosts, men or women and the
new faith could no longer be kept secret.”
263
Preaching of IslamInitially preaching secretly
Al Hijr-93 “Proclaim openly that you are commanded”
فب طذع ثب رإش
Ash Shuara-214 “And warn your tribe of near relatives”
ازسػششرل االقشث
Open Preach:On Mountain As Safa
ب ؼشش قشش
Questions?
Food Party for Relatives,Ordered Hazrat Ali to arrange a food party for nearer relatives
45 men gathered, almost they refused, only Hazrat Ali supported
Open announcement in KabaNumber of believers exceeded 40, gave a speech on Oneness of Allah
Quraish raid on him, Haris bin Abi Hala the first martyred of Islam.
264
Opposition of Quraish & its causes
1. (Many, One ) Difference. Quraish used to
worship MANY, While Islam preaches
ONENESS.
2. In Quraish Wealth, Children (Young Sons) and
leadership considered as the matter of proud,
but prophet had none.
3. Quraish were enemies of Christianity, where in
fundamentals Islam has similarities with it. So
Quraish considered that Muhammad want to
establish Christianity.
4. Change is always opposed.
265
Scarification for Islam & Patience in Difficulties
Almost all the companions of Prophet faced physical and
mental tortures after acceptance of Islam.
Bilal Habashi, Ammar bin yasir, Yasir, Sumaiyya were
slaves and faced tortures by their masters.
But those who were from rich and well to do families, also
faced torments from their families. Like Usman, Abu Zar
Gifari, Zubair, Abdullah bin Masood etc.
Prophet himself faced a lot of tortures. Stones were thrown
on him. Heavy skins of animals were putted on him while
offering prayers.
Prophet was harshly abused, called mad, poet, magician etc.
But prophet showed his will, courage, inclination, firmness
and bravery and continued his mission.
Also motivated companions for patience.
266
Offer of Quraish & deputation to Abu Talib
Utbah bin Rabi‟a came to Prophet and said
“Muhammad you are a noble person of our
nation” why you have brought a calamity to our
nation,
Wealth?
Our chief?
Kingship?
Marry some one? .
Evil spirit?
Recited the 5 initial verses of Surah Hamin
Sajdah
267
Offer of Quraish & deputation to Abu Talib
After disappointing from the prophet; Abu Jahal, Utabah,
Sheeba waleed and others came to Abu Talib
They addressed Abu Talib in the following manner: “O Abu
Talib! Your nephew curses our gods; finds faults with our way
of life, mocks at our religion and degrades our forefathers;
either you must stop him, or you must let us get at him.”
He called his nephew and said. “Spare me and yourself and put
not burden on me that I can't bear.”
Upon this the Prophet (Peace be upon him) replied: “O my
uncle! by Allah if they put the sun in my right hand and
the moon in my left on condition that I discard this
course, until Allah has made me victorious, or I perish
therein, I would not discard it.” Abu Talib said, “Go and preach what you please, for by Allah I
will never forsake you.”
268
Migration to Abyssinia / Habsha (First Migration)
Due to tortures of Quraish in سعت 5th Nabvi
11men and 4 women migrated from Makkah,
including Abdullah bin Masood, Usman and his
wife Ruqaya, Abdur Rehman bin awf, Musab bin
umair, Zubair
Good luck for them, 2 ships were ready to move ,
Quraish followed but disappointed
Quraish they went to the king of Habsha, but
disappointed
Total 83 Muslims
False News that “Quraish accepted Islam”
269
Social & economical boycott (for 3 years)
7th هحرم Nabvi
Quraish observed that Islam is spreading day by day
e.g. Umar and Hamza accepted Islam in 6th of Nabvi,
King of Habsha disappointed Quraish
The meeting held to boycott both Bani Hashim and
Bani Al-Muttalib.
Decided not to have any business dealings with them
nor any sort of inter-marriage. Social relations, visits
and even verbal contacts with Prophet and his
supporters would discontinue until the Prophet was
given up to them to be killed.
The articles of their proclamation suspended in
Ka„bah.
270
Social & economical boycott Abu Talib wisely and quietly took stock of the situation and
decided to withdraw to a valley. Banu Hashim and Banu Al-
Muttalib, were thus confined within a narrow pass (Shi„b
of Abu Talib),
It was a hot siege. The supply of food was almost stopped
and the people in confinement faced great hardships.
Had to eat leaves of trees and skins of animals. Cries of
little children suffering from hunger used to be heard
clearly.
The white ants had eaten away all their proclamation
(written statements suspended in Kaabah)
Slowly gradually the blood relative of family of prophet and
kind hearted people oppose & Quraish could not sustain.
Thus ended after 3 years
271
10th of Nabvi - Year of Grief (Aam ul Huzn)
Death of uncle Abu Talib, in Rajib
Death of wife Khadija, Ramazan, at the age
65, buried in Hajoon (Jannat ul Mualla)
Two beloveds & big supporters died in one
year, prophet declared it as year of grief.
Due to heavy grief and less positive
response of Makkan people
Different festivals like ػنبظ
visited Taif
Nakhla & other places for preaching
272
Mi‟raj, Marriage with Sawda and Nikah with Aishah
In the 10th Nabvi, After the death of Khadijah,
Prophet married Sawdah (RA)
In the same year, Nikah with „Aishah (May Allah
be pleased with her), accomplished his marriage
with her in Shawwal, the year 1 A.H. in Madinah
Al-MI„RAJ The Miraculous Night Journey from Makkah to
the Farthest Mosque in Jerusalem, and the Ascent
through the Spheres of Heavens
Exact date is controversial among the historians.
Famous, 27th of Rajib 11th Nabvi
Five times prayer become compulsory on Muslims
273
Pledge of AQABAH-IIn Rajib 11th Nabvi, at Aqabah, six Madinese
embraced Islam. They promised to
communicate the Message of Islam to their
people.
In this way Islam introduced to the Madina.
Next year, on the occasion of the pilgrimage,
12 people came and took oath of allegiance
( ثؼذ( or pledge on the hand of Holy Prophet
( عي ػي هللا طي )
Known as “First Aqabah pledge” اى ػقج ثؼذ
274
First Aqabah PledgeThey oath that
We will not worship any one but one Allah;
We will not steal;
Neither will we commit adultery, nor kill our
children;
We will not defame any body;
We will not disobey you in any just matter.
On their request Prophet sent Mus„ab bin
Umair .as a teacher and preacher (سػی هللا ػہ)
In this way Islam propagated in Madina
275
Pledge of AQABAH-IINext year, on the occasion of the pilgrimage,
under the leadership of Mus„ab bin Umair ( سػی
Seventy-two men and Two women came (هللا ػہ
and took oath of allegiance ( ثؼذ( or pledge on
the hand of Holy Prophet (طي هللا ػي عي)
They offered Prophet to migrate and live with
them in Yasrab
Abbas bin Abdul Muttalib urged them not to
draw his nephew away from the protection of
his own kindred unless they were fully prepared
to defend him even at the risk of their lives.
276
Second Aqabah Pledge If you give refuge to Muhammad, all the Arab
will come to fight you.
We will scarify our each and every thing for the
Prophet
But “O Muhammad first you promise us that
you will not leave us”
Prophet replied “Your blood will be my blood. In
life and death I will be with you and you with
me. I will fight whom you fight and I will make
peace with those with whom you make peace.”
This event in the history is known as “second
Aqabah Pledge” ثؼذ ػقج صب
277
Migration In the beginning of 14th Nabvi almost the
companions reached Yasrab, Prophet was waiting
for the order of Allah to come and to leave.
When the Quraish observed Muslims leaving the
Makkah, and Muhammad was also about to leave,
then all tribal heads gathered in داساىذ the
council house. Abu Jahl bin Hisham suggested to
assassinate Muhammad.
The Prophet (Peace be upon him) had thus left his
house on Safar 27th, 14th Nabvi, i.e. 12/13
September 622 A.D.
Stayed 3 nights in Cave Thawr.
278
MigrationOn Monday, 8th Rabi„ Al-Awwal, 14th Nabvi, i.e.
September 23rd. 622 AD, the Messenger of Allâh
arrived at Quba
On Friday, 12th Rabi„ Al-Awwal in the morning
rode towards the Yasrab. He performed Friday
prayer congregationally in the vale of Banu
Salim.
Yasrab now became “The Messenger‟s City
(Madinat Nabi)”
Lived as guest of Hazrat Abu Ayub Ansari, for
more than seven months
Masjid and Dwellings were constructed
279
3. Life History of Holy Prophet Muhammad ) طي هللا ػي
)عي from Migration up to death. (Madni Life)
1.Charter of Madina
2.Brotherhood
3.Victory of Makkah
4.Last Sermon
“Muslims left each and every
thing for the sake of Islam and
came to Madina with empty
hands” Discuss how Prophet
Muhammad ( عي ػي هللا طي )
solved their survival problem
and security matters?280
QUESTION OF EXAMINATION
“Muslims left each and every thing
for the sake of Islam and came to
Madina with empty hands”
Discuss how Prophet Muhammad
( عي ػي هللا طي ) solved their
survival problem by brotherhood
and security matters through the
charter of Madina?281
QUESTION OF EXAMINATION(More Clear one)
The emigrants from Makkah had come in empty-
hands conditions
They left each & every thing
Survival problemProphet decided to solve this by forming a bond
of brotherhood
Ordered Anas bin Malik, to gether Ansar &
Muhajreen
Prophet made the brother to each other
Just like real brothers 282
Brotherhood )اخبد(
283
The Prophet (طي هللا ػي عي) said to the Muslims
at the time of Brotherhood )اخبد(Believers shall not leave any needy among them.
Whosoever is rebellious or spreads enmity, the
hands of every one shall be against him, even he
be his son.
A believer shall not kill his brother.
The believers are supported by each other.
The believers may not help a criminal nor give
refuge. Those who give refuge shall have anger
of Allah on the Day of Resurrection.
When believers differ any matter, must refer to
Allah and Muhammad (طي هللا ػي عي).
284
Brotherhood )اخبد(Muhajreen (Immigrants) Ansar (Helpers)
Hazrat Abu Bakr )هللا ػ سػ( Hazrat Kharja bin Zaid )هللا ػ سػ(
Hazrat Umar )هللا ػ سػ( Hazrat Utban bin Malik )هللا ػ سػ(
Hazrat Usman )هللا ػ سػ( Hazrat Auos bin Sabit )هللا ػ سػ(
Hazrat Abu Ubeda bin Jarrah )هللا ػ سػ( Hazrat Saad bin Muaz )هللا ػ سػ(
Hazrat Musab bin Umair )هللا ػ سػ( Hazrat Abu Ayoob Ansari )هللا ػ سػ(
Hazrat Ammar bin Yasir )هللا ػ سػ( Hazrat Huzaifa bin Yaman )هللا ػ سػ(
Hazrat Abdur Rehman bin Auf )هللا ػ سػ( Hazrat Saad bin Rabiaa )هللا ػ سػ(
Just like real brothers
Hazrat Saad bin Rabiaa )سػ هللا ػ(
was bonded with Hazrat Abdur
Rehman bin Auf )سػ هللا ػ(
Established economically
Socially
Educationally
morally 285
Benefits of Brotherhood )اخبد(
286
Charter of Madina )ضب ذ(In the outskirts of Madina there were three
Jewish tribes
1. Banu Quanuqua
2. Banu Nuzair
3. Banu Quraiza
They were living in strong fortresses & were very
strong in Man-power & economically
Two main tribes of Ansars
1. Aus
2. Khazraj
They had enmity & fought many times, after
Battle Biaas become very weak
287
Charter of Madina )ضب ذ(
Security ProblemWhen prophet reached Madina, his first task was
to secure Madina from Internal & External
threats.
Charter between Jews of Madina & Muslims of
Madina i.e. Known as Charter of Madina, the
first charter of Islam.
288
Main Points of the Charter of Madina
The system of Blood-money & sacrifice
would continues
The Jews will have religious freedom & no
one will hamper them in the performance of
their religious duties
Jews and Muslims will maintain friendly
relation
No party will give refuge to Quraish
If Jews or Muslims become involved in war,
one party will come to aid of other.
289
Main Points of the Charter of Madina
If Madina is attacked both parties will
participate (in the defense of Madina)
If a party concludes peace with a third
party, the second party will be included in
the truce, however religious wars are
exempted from this condition
If any dispute arises b/w the parties, it
shall be referred to Muhammad ( طي هللا
.the Messenger of Allah (ػي عي
Write down the detailed note on
victory of Makkah.
Causes of attack on Makkah
Historical events
Generous behavior of Holy
Prophet )وسلن عليه هللا صلى) to the
enemies of Islam & Muslims.290
ال ئى ئال هللا بدح أ ظ ش ػي خ عال اإل ثئقب ذا سعه هللا ؾ أ ئزبء الح اىظ
ؼب س ط اىؾظ مبح )ثخبس(اىض
293
It is narrated on the authority of 'Abdullah
son of 'Umar that the Messenger of Allah
(may peace be upon him) said: (The
superstructure of) al-Islam is raised on five
(pillars), testifying (the fact) that there is no
god but Allah, that Muhammad is His
bondsman and messenger, and the
establishment of prayer, payment of Zakat,
Pilgrimage to the House (Ka'ba) and the fast
of Ramadan. 294
295
IMAN? According to pure Islamic terminology.
According to pure Islamic terminology:
Iman is those facts and figures that have
been told to us through the prophets,
although those facts and figures may be
faraway from our senses, and the
knowledge and guidance brought from
Allah, the most high, we verify them by
accepting them the truth.
Iman is actually the unseen.
296
IMAN? According to pure Islamic terminology.
ششؼذ اس کشب رظذق کشب، ق ىب، ب:ں ؼی کے اب ں ىغذ ػشثی
هللا کہ ے کش رغي ک ؽققذ اط اغب کہ ے ہ طيت کب اب ں اططالػ کی
راری رب کے اط ں، پشسدگبس اس ثشؽق ؼجد کئی ػال کے اط ے، اک
سب دک قذ ش ک اک ش ے، عد عگہ ش ں، ؽق کبالد طفبری
دب ے، عبزب ثی ک ثبرں پشذ کی دىں ے، سب ع ک اک ش اس ے
کی ع کئے پذا فششزے ے اعی ے، پبرب اغب عے اعبصد کی عی ا کب ش ں
سزے ربثغ کے ؽک کے اط قذ ش فششزے اس ں ؽغبة کئی کب رؼذاد
ں رغجؼ اس صب ؽذ کی اط قذ ش کشرے، ں بفشبی کجی اس ں
ں۔ سزے شغه
اس عکزب، پچب ں قظب ئی ک ک اط چبے پچبب فبئذ ک عظ رؼبىی هللا
دػبئں ی پچبعکزب، ں فبئذ کئی ک اط چبے پچبب قظب عغے
کے اعی رقذش ثشی اچی ش ے، قبدس پش چض ش ے، اال کشے قجه کب
کی ا اس کب، پذا کيئے ػجبدد اپی ک ع اظ ے اط ے، ں قذسد دعذ
ثغں۔ کزبثں اس اىغال ػي اجبء کيئے ذاذ
297
IMAN? According to pure Islamic terminology.
قشآ ں، سعه آخشی اس ثذے کے هللا عي ػيہ هللا طيی ؾذ
ں دب ىکش ششؼذ اس د آخشی کب هللا ں طسد کی عذ
ں۔ شجہ شک کئی ں ؽقبذ کی عظ آئے
اب کہ ش ر ثی ؽققذ ا ہ ں ثبسے کے اب
ب کب بے اس رظذق ثيکہ ں کب ؼشفذ اس عبے ؾغ
رظذق ککہ ں الصی ثی اػبه کيئے رکو کی اب ے،
ے رب عے ی اػبه صجد کب طذاقذ کی اقشاس صثبی اس قيجی
کے شخض کغی پش ثب کی اػبه ی ا ں صذگی ظبشی اس
زا ے۔ عبرب کب فظيہ کب ے غيب اب شخض ع ى
کے اعال ع ے کشرب اػبه اغے ثبعد کے دػی کے اعال
ؼزجش غش دػی ہ کب اط ر ں ػالبد کی کفش اس بفی گب۔