1.Nursing as a Profession

8/3/2019 1.Nursing as a Profession

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WELCOME

N - 100


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MS. EDERLIE E.PITIQUEN


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NURSING as a PROFESSION

Nursing is often identified as an

emerging profession .It is striving to

attain professionalism to meet certain

criteria.

It has evolved over centuries.


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TRADITIONAL NURSING ROLE

humanistic caring

nurturing

comforting

supporting


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WEBSTERS DEFINES:

Occupation as what occupies or engages, ones time,business and employment.

Vocation is the work that a person regularly performs or the

work that especially suits him or her.

Profession is a vocation requiring advanced training usually

involving mental rather manual work, as teaching,

engineering, especially medicine, law or theology.


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PROFESSION:

An occupation that requires advancedknow ledged and skills and that is an

outgrowth of societys needs for

special services


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Five Function for the Preservation and

Development of a Profession :( STYLES 1983

Professional definition and regulation through thesetting and enforcing of standards of education andpractice for the generalist and the specialist.

Development of the knowledge base for practice in itsbroadest and narrowest components.

Transmission of values, norms, knowledge and skill toneophytes ands members of the profession forapplication in practice.

Communication and advocacy of the values andcontributions of the field to several publics andconstituencies.

Attendance to the social and general welfare of their

members.


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Six Elements of a Profession:

(Moore and Rosenblum 1970) Have a systematic theory

Exert authority

Command prestige

Have a code of ethics

Have a professional culture

Be the major source of income of those

who practice it.


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Critical attributes of professionalism in

nursing (Miller)

Gaining a body of knowledge in a

university setting and a science

orientation at the graduate level innursing

Attaining competencies derived from

the theoretical base. Delineating and specifying the skills

and competencies that are the

boundaries of expertise.


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Criteria of a Profession

Specialized education

Body of knowledge Service orientation

Ongoing research


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Growth of Professionalism:

Specialized education

Knowledge based

Ethics

Autonomy

Code of Ethics

Caring


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Education

A profession requires an

extended education of its

members as well as basic

liberal foundation.


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Theory

A profession has a

theoretical body ofknowledge leading to

defined skills, abilitiesand norms.


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Service

A profession provides

basic services.


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Code of Ethics The profession as a whole has a code

of ethics for practice. A profession has

sufficient self-impelling power toretain its members throughout life. It

must not be a mere stepping stone to

other occupations.


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Autonomy

Members of a

profession haveautonomy in decision

making and inpractice.


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Caring

The most unique

characteristic


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Professional Nursing

Is an art and a science dominated by

an ideal of service in which certain

principles are applied in the skillfulcare of the well and the ill, and through

relationship with client/patient,

significant others and other membersof the health team.


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Professional Nurse

Is one who has acquired the art and scienceof nursing through her basic education who

interprets her role in nursing in terms of

the social ends for which it exists thehealth and welfare of society and who

continues to add to her knowledge, skills

and attitudes through continuing educationand scientific inquiry (research) or the use

of the results of such inquiry.


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Qualification and abilities of a

Professional Nurse:

1. Has faith in the fundamental values thatunderlie the democratic way of life. Ex.

A) respect for human dignity

B) self sacrifice for the common good

C) strong sense of responsibility

for sharing in the solution of the

problems of the society


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2. Has a sense of responsibility forunderstanding those with whom he/sheworks or associates with through the useof the following skills;

- utilizing relevant basic concept ofpsychology

- working effectively through therapeuticrelationship

3. Has faith in the reality of spiritual and

aesthetic value and awareness of thevalue and the pleasure of self-development through the pursuit of someaesthetic interests


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4. Has the basic knowledge, skills and

attitudes necessary to address present-day

social problems, realistic, incisive (direct)

and well organized thoughts through the

use of critical thinking. Critical thinking is

securing, appraising, and organizingevidence.

5. Has skill in using written and spoken

language, both to develop own thoughtsand communicate them to others.


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6. Appreciates and understand the

importance of good health.

7. Has emotional balance. Is able to maintain

poise and composure in trying situation.

8. Take hard work and possesses a capacity

for it.

9. Appreciates high standards of

workmanship.


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10.Accept and tries to understand

people of all sorts, regardless of race,

religion, color and economic status.

11.Knows nursing so thoroughly that

every client will receive excellentcare


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Personal qualification of

a Nurse:

Philosophy of life

Good personality


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Philosophy of life

It is concerned with those basic truths

that contribute to personal growth in a

systematic fashion and with thoseprinciples that relate to the moral values

that shape the facets of the character

Every person must develop a personalphilosophy of life and plan for expanding

his personal life


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Theories of nursing can

be taught, but not aphilosophy of life or a

philosophy of service.


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Good Personality

Personality consists of distinctiveindividual qualities that differentiates

one person from another. It refers to the impression one makes

on others which will include morethan that which meets the eye.


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It consists of deeper traits which

come from the heart and which

infiltrate the real person if one

wishes to exert a magneticinfluence on others.

It is a result of integrating ones

abilities, desires, impulses, habitsand physical characteristic into a

harmonious whole.


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How to develop ones

personality:

Warmth of manner, a ready smile, sincere

laugh, genuine interest in others.

Complete sincerity

Sympathetic grooming: Neat hair style,

appropriate dress, sufficient make-up and

expressive hands, being ever mindful of the

people who see you.


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Components of Good

Personality:

Personal appearance

Character

Attitude

Charm


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Personal appearance

Your appearance often reveals more

about the real you than any words you

may say. Self-respect is the basis uponwhich personal appearance is

established. It includes a healthy body

motivated by unselfishness andexpressing graciousness.


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Components of personal

appearance:

Posture

Grooming

Dress and uniform


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Posture

It refers to the habitual or assumedpositions of your body in standing, sitting ormoving about.

Posture presents some clues to yourpersonality.

As a nurse, you must be responsible for

practicing a physical regimen that helps todevelop and maintain good posture andphysical fitness.


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Grooming

Your hair should truly crown the

features of your face in an attractive

manner. Your hair should be neat, clean and

well arranged

It also includes personal hygiene andcleanliness


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Dress and Uniform

Just as self-respect is evident in

good posture and personal

hygiene, so as it is reflected in

the care you exercise with

regards to dressing.


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Basic guides for Personal Dress:

Undergarments must be clean andproperly fitted for body support.

All articles of clothing should be neat,personable and trim especially the giveaway article such as the bra straps, the

slip, the heels of the shoes. Street attire is expected to be appropriate

and to give you a sense of security inofficial and social situation


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Your wardrobe may be limited but

planning it in basic colors and usingcontrasting or blending hues can add

greatly to its extensiveness.

Accessories should match the attire andshould be suitable to the occasion and to

your personality.

Current fads and style may have to bedisregarded to accommodate your budget

on your body structure.


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The Nursing Uniform

They come in different colors, butirrespective of color, the nurse distinctiveuniform identifies you as a nurse to your

patient and his family as well as to your co-workers.

You must respect the uniform. It is part ofthe nurses public image.

Wear the uniform only during workinghours.

It should not be worn with jewelry except a

school pin or name plate.


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The Nurses Cap

The style of the cap remains

usually the same for a

particular school.

Like the uniform wear it with

respect and dignity


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Points to remember in wearing

the nurses uniform: Every item comprising the uniform must bespotlessly clean, well fitting and in goodrepair.

Shoes and hosiery worn with the uniformshould provide for maximum comfort.

Uniform designated for use in a given

hospital area is worn only in the line of dutyand not to be worn outside the specifieddepartment.


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Modification of any

authorized uniform to suit

your individual preference

is not permitted by thedictates of both good

taste and integrity.


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Attitude A manner of acting, thinking or feeling

that is indicated by ones response

toward another person situation orexperience.

Personality is shaped by ones attitude.

It is a part of a pattern of personalbehavior


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Character Refers to the moral values and beliefs that

are used as guide to personal behavior and

actions.

It is what a person is inside.

It is the development in proportion to

emotional and intellectual growth and

involves the degree to which you

understand, direct and channel your

feelings.


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The practice of nursing utilizes ones

love for fellowman. Charity is thegreatest virtue and serves as the

foundation for a sense of values and

the development of human character.

The nurse is basically a good person.


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Attributes of Character

Honesty

Loyalty

Tolerance Judgment

Reliability Motivation

Resourcefulness

Moderation


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Honesty Being truthful, trustworthy

and upright in ones dealing

with others as well as

refraining from lying,

cheating and stealing.

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It is demonstrated in terms

of:

Truthfulness

Honor

Integrity


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TruthfulnessThe quality of being in

agreement with facts,reality and experience


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HonorMaking good on

commitment.


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IntegrityAdhering to ones set

of moral values


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Evidences ofHonesty can be

observed in the following:

Care of materials

Recognition of authority

Obedience to rules, regulations and

authority

Use of time in terms of punctuality

in performing activities


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Loyalty The feeling of confidence, trust and

affection you have towards your family

and friends and towards those whohave helped, guided and stood by you

as you proceeded towards your goals.

Ex. Speaking well about co-workersand the institution where you work.


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Tolerance It allows you to respect and accept

others as fellow human beings

entitled to enjoy the same basicrights and privileges that you claim

for yourself.

It manifest itself in your

recognition of the rights of others.


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It is demonstrated in the practice

of patience, a sense of humor,

sympathy, understanding, and

unselfishness. Ex. Allowing an

angry relative to verbalize his/her

feelings.


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Judgment Sometimes referred to as good sense,

it indicates ones ability to use ones

intellectual capacity to form soundopinions.

Qualities involved in the use of

judgment are wisdom, discretion andtact. Ex. Questioning an unclear

doctors order before acting.


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Reliability It is dependability and involves ones use of

sound judgment based upon careful

observation and an understanding of any

given situation in which one is required to

act.

Ex. Performing ones responsibilities

thoroughly even beyond time of duty asnecessary, reporting on duty even during

holidays, floods, typhoon and etc.


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Motivation Something that moves one to plan and

accomplish specific things; it is a

positive force that directs onespersonal actions to the fulfillment of

desires or drives that are referred to as

basic human needs. Ex. Aiming to give the best quality of

patient care at all times.


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Resourcefulness Involves a persons ability to recognize

and deal promptly and effectively with

difficulties or problems that arise. Itrequires the utilization of information

available about a given situation and

using it courageously, sensibly andconstructively in dealing with situation.


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Moderation Allows one to maintain harmony and

balance among all the elements of onescharacter and in ones relationships with

others by encouraging one to developperspective and a sense of objectivity.

Ex. Indulging in food, material goods andother factors that provides pleasure orenjoyment to the senses in controlledmanner.


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It is based on opinions, viewpoints of

feelings.

It is a result of responses to specific

experiences.

It changes from time to time as

additional knowledge is gained and

ones understanding is broadened.


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A change in attitude results to a

change in behavior.

It develops from awareness of

oneself in relation to individualsand situations.


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Eight Be-Attitudes of a Nurse:

Acceptance

Helpfulness

Friendliness

Firmness

Permissiveness

Limit setting

Sincerity

Competence


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Acceptance Acceptance of others is indicative of self

maturity.

Facing known and meeting the unknown of life

with maximum comfort.

Changing what can be changed within ones

self.

Ex. The nurse accepts the client as anindividual and respecting his/her culture.


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Helpfulness Strong feelings towards helping others;

giving others attention, reassurance and a

protective security in the storms of daily

living. Ex. A nurse assist a weak client in

feeding and performing hygienic measures.


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Friendliness May be active or passive,

warmth of manner, pleasant

interaction with others. Ex.

The nurse establishes rapport

with the client and his/herfamily.


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Firmness Being alert to the actions of others in a

positive, confident way; uses firm, kind and

immediate methods of approach.

Ex. The nurse implements hospital rules

and policies regarding visiting hours,

number of visitors at a time, use of

telephone.


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Permissiveness Understanding of motives and the feelings

expressed in behavior whether they are or not

capable; loosening or tightening the reign of

authority in the interaction; flexibility inresponses.

Ex. The nurse allows the adolescent to wear his

own clothing as he/she requests instead ofhospital gown.


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Limit setting Knowing the value of her influence;

offering of praise or blame; limiting what

others may say or do.

Ex. The nurse tells the client who keeps

on throwing things that this behavior is

unacceptable.


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Sincerity Acting naturally, recognizing ones

anger, fears and other feelings.

Ex. The nurse tells the client who iscrying because she lost her baby that she

understands how she feels at this time.

And the nurse holds the clients hand and

stay with her.


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Competence Approaching problems intellectually rather

than emotionally, displaying knowledge and

ability to deal with situations.

Ex. The nurse stays with the client whose

wound on the abdomen has disrupted and

reassures the client that help from a physician

is being sought for.


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Charm To influence the senses or the mind by some

quality or attraction delight.

Innate in one who has a depth of feeling and

an outgoing manner.

Maybe cultivated by a desire to serve and a

deep love for fellow human beings.


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To acquire charm, one needs to

cultivate the following:

Voice modulated with clearenunciation.

Manner courteous, attentive, patient,receptive.

Heart attempt never to showindifference or a calloused manner. Beempathetic, understanding andtolerant. Remember to say Thankyou as this works miracles in social

harmony.

R i f d l f


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Requirements for development of

poise are as follows:

1. Calmness and composure

-face reality

-avoid emotional flare-ups2. Control of temper

- Think before acting

- Avoid verbal and physicalaggressiveness


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Intelligence keeps an active mind,

recognize beauty, accept new ideas fromothers, read and exchange opinions with

others.

Poise equanimity, calmness, composure,evenness of temper, self-control.


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NURSING

the word NURSEoriginated from word

NUTRIX meaning to

nourish.


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Definition of Nursing

Shaw

Nursing is an art.

Harmer

It is rooted in the needs of

humanity.

Harmer & Henderson

Service to an individual

that helps him to attain ormaintain a healthy state

of mind or body.

Florence Nightingale

the act of utilizing the

environment of the

patient to assist him in his

recovery.


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Hildagard E. Paplau

It is a

significant,therapeutic,int

erpersonal process.

Virginia Henderson

The unique function of

the nurse is t assist theindividual, sick or well.

Faye Glen Abdellah

It is a helping Profession.

Mother Olivia Gowan

It is both a science and

art involving the total

patient.


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Ida Jean Orlando

Is to conceptualized that

finding out and meeting

the patients immediate

need for help.

Lydia Hall

Nursing can and should

be professional.

Myra Estrin Levine

It is a human interaction.

Dorothea Orem

It is the giving of direct

assistance to a person.


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Betty Neumen

It is a unique profession.

Rosemarie Rizzo Parse

It is a human science

Helen C. Erickson

It is a holistic helping of a

person with their self careactivities in relation to

their health.

Imogene King

It is an interpersonal

process of

action,reaction,interaction

and transaction.

1987 C di N A i ti


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1987 Canadian Nurses Association

(CNA)

Described nursing practice as a

dynamic, caring, helping relationship

which the nurse assists the client to

achieve, obtained optimal health.


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They describe what nursing is and

the interrelationship among

nurses, nursing the client, theenvironment and the intended

client outcome.


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Characteristics of Nursing:

Nursing is caring.

Nursing is an art.

Nursing is a science.

Nursing is client centered.

Nursing is holistic.

Nursing is adaptive.

Nursing is concerned with health promotion,health maintenance, and health restoration.

Nursing is a helping profession

1973 ANA (American Nurses


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1973-ANA (American Nurses

Association)

described nursing practice as direct

goal oriented and adaptable to the

needs of the individual, the family and

the community during health and

illness.


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1980 ANA changed the definition into

nursing diagnosis and treatment ofhuman responses to actual or potential

health problems.

1995-ANA-recognized the influence andcontribution of the science of caring to

nursing, philosophy and practice.


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American Nurses Association

It is a helping profession and as such provides services whichcontributes to the health and well being of a person.

In 1980, The congress ofNursing Practice defined

Nursing as the" the diagnosisand treatment of human

responses to actual orpotential health problems.

Characteristics of Nursing:


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Characteristics of Nursing:related to Nursing Process)

Phenomena

they are the human responses to actual

or potential health problems.

Theory application the nurse applies nursing theory

to understanding theses human responses.

Nursing action the nurse takes action to resolve

actual or potential health problems.

Evaluation

the nurse evaluates the effects of theactions on the clients responses.

Three Essential Components of a


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Three Essential Components of a

Professional Nursing

Care

Cure

Coordination


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Goals of Nursing:

Maintenance of health

Promotion of wellness/health Restoration of health

Prevention of illness

Facilitate coping Care of dying

Their most recent definition of nursing


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Their most recent definition of nursing

acknowledges 4 essential features of

contemporary nursing practice: Attention to the full range of human

experiences and responses to health and

illness without restrictions to a problemfocused orientation.

Integration of objective data withknowledge gained from an understandingof the client or groups subjectiveexperience


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Application of scientific knowledge to

the process of diagnosis andtreatment.

Provision of a caring relationship that

facilitates health and healing.

Historical Development of


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Historical Development of

Nursing

Nursing has undergone dramatic

changes in response to societal

needs and influences.

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Womens role Traditional female roles of wife,

mother, daughter and sister. From

the beginning of time, women have

cared for infants and children thusnursing could be said to have its

roots in the home.

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Religion had a significant impact on the

development ofWestern nursing

During the 3rd and 4th


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During the 3 and 4

centuries

Several wealthy matrons of the

Roman empire such as FABIOLA

converted to Christianity and

used their wealth to provide

houses of care and healing (the

forerunner of hospitals) for the

poor, the sick and the homeless.


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The Crusades

Saw the formation of several orders

of knights, including the Knights of

Saint John of Jerusalem, the

Teutonic Knights and the Knightsof Saint Lazarus (dedicated

themselves in the care of people

with leprosy, syphilis and skinchronic skin diseases.)


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The Western churches suppressed

the deaconess group which hadtheir origins in the Roman

Empire of the 3rd and 4th

centuries, during the MiddleAges.

However, these group of nursing

providers resurfaced occasionallythroughout the centuries, most

notably in 1836.


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Theodore Fliedner

Reinstituted the Order of

Deaconess' and open a

small hospital and trainingschool in Kaiserwerth,

Germany.


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War

Throughout the century, wars

have accentuated the need for

nurses. During the Crimean war (1854-

1856) the inadequacy of care

give to soldiers led to a publicoutcry in Great Britain.


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Historical

Development ofNursing:

i d f i i i


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Period of Intuitive Nursing

It was practiced since prehistoric

times among primitive tribes lasted

through the early Christian era.

Nursing was untaught and

instinctive

A Beliefs and practices of Pre-


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A. Beliefs and practices of Pre

historic Man

Nomad, philosophy in life the bestfor the most, ruled by law of selfpreservation

Nursing function belonged towomen

Believed illness was caused byinvasion of victims body & evilspirit through the use of blackmagic or voodoo


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shaman-medicine man or witch

doctor heals by using white magic trephining-drilling a hole in the

skull with a rock or stone to drive

away evil spirit from the body.

N i i N E


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Nursing in Near East

Nomadic style to urban

community life

Beginning of a body of scientificknowledge

Care of sick was closely related

to religion, superstition andmagic

Contributions to Medicine


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Contributions to Medicine

and Nursing

Babylonia

Code ofHammurabi law that covers

medical practice regulation fees;discouraged experimentation,

recommends patient to choose

between the use of charms,

medications, surgical procedure tocure disease. No mention of nurses.

E t


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Egypt

Introduce art of embalming

Recorded 250 recognized diseases

through observation

I l


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Israel

Moses father of sanitation wrote 5

books of old testaments

Promulgated law of control on the

spread of CD and actualcircumcision

Referred nurses as midwives, wet

nurses or child nurses

N i i F E t


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Nursing in Far East

China

Materia medica- pharmacology,prescribed methods of treating wounds

and infection

I di


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India

Built hospitals, practice intuitiveform of asepsis, proficient inpractice of medicine and surgery.

Sushurutu-made a list of functionand qualifications of nurses. For the1st time in recorded history, therewas reference to the nurses taking

care of patients; these nurses weredescribed as combination ofphysical therapist and cook.

N i i A i t G


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Nursing in Ancient Greece

Nursing was the task of

untrained slaves.

Introduced caduceus-insigniaof the medical profession today

Hippocrates father of scientific

medicine


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Period of Apprentice


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pp

Nursing

This period extends from the founding

of religious nursing orders in the

crusades, which began in the 11thcentury and ended in 1836.

It is called the period of on the job

training.


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Religious orders of the Christian

Church were responsible for the

development of this kind of nursing.

Military Religious Orders and


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y g

their works

Knights of Saint John of Jerusalem

Established an organization of ranksand advocated principles of complete andunquestioned devotion to duty andtraditional obedience to superiors.

Teutonic Knights

Established tent hospitals for thewounded.

Knights of St. Lazarus Was founded primarily for the nursing care of

lepers in Jerusalem after the Christians hadconquered the city.

I t t N i g P g


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Important Nursing Personages

St. Clare founder of the second

order of St Francis of Assisi.

St. Elizabeth of Hungary known

as the Patroness of Nurses.

St. Catherine of Sienna the first

Lady with a Lamp.

The Dark Period of Nursing


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The Dark Period of Nursing

Period of reformation from 17th to

19th century until the U.S.Civil War

Several Leaders sought to bring

about reforms:

- John Howard

- Mother Mary Aikenhand

- Pastor Theodor Fliedner and

Frederika Munster Fliedner


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Nursing in America

- people began to settle in NorthAmerican continent, to seek for

adventure, new quests and new

trade routes1. Pre-Civil War Nursing

2. American Reforms in Nursing

3. Nursing during the Civil War

I P hi


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Important Personages at this

time:

Dorothea Lynde Dix

Clara Barton

Period of Educated Nursing


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Period of Educated Nursing

This period began on June 15,

1860 when the Florence

Nightingale School of Nursing

opened at St. Thomas Hospital in

London

Facts about Florence


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Nightingale

Recognized as the: Mother of

Modern Nursing, she was also

known as the Lady with a Lamp.

Born on May 12, 1820 in FlorenceItaly.

Self appointed goal: To change the

profile of nursing

U d d th ti f


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Upgraded the practice of

Nursing and made an honorableprofession.

Led the nurses that took care ofthe wounded during CrimeanWar.

Put down her ideas in the twopublished books: Notes on

Nursing and Notes onHospitals.

Other important Persons/Groups/Events


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during Period of Educated Nursing:

Linda Richards first graduatenurse

Dr. William Halsted design thefirst rubber gloves

Caroline Hampton Robb the firstnurse to wear rubber gloves whileworking as an operating room nurse

Establishments of NursingOrganizations; the American NursesAssociation and the National Leaguefor Nursing Education; contributedto the uplift of the nursing profession

Isabel Hampton Robb the first principal of


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Isabel Hampton Robb the first principal ofthe John Hopkins Hospital School of Nursing

Clara Louise Maas engaged in medicalresearch on yellow fever during the Spanish-American War.

Development of private duty nursing,settlement house nursing, school nursing,

government service of nurses and prenatal andmaternal health nursing (1900-1912).

Age of specialization began in the first decade ofthe 20th century.

Preparation of a standard curriculum based oneducational objectives for schools of nursing(1913-1937).

Edith Cavell known as Mata Hari, servedthe wounded soldiers during World War I.

Period of Contemporary


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Nursing

This covers of the World War II to

the present. Scientific and

technological developments aswell as social changes mark this

period.

Events and Trends


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Events and Trends

Establishment of the World HealthOrganization by the United Nations toassist in fighting disease.

Use of atomic/nuclear energy formedical diagnosis and treatment.

Utilization of computers for collectingdata, teaching, establishing diagnosis,

maintaining inventory, makingpayrolls, record keeping and billing.

Use of sophisticated equipment fordi i d th


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diagnosis and therapy.

ColonelP

earl Tucker developed acomprehensive one-year course toprepare nurses for aerospace nursingat Cape Kennedy.

Health is perceived as fundamentalhuman right.

Nursing involvement in communityhealth is greatly intensified.

Technological advances relieved thenurse from numerous tasks.

Development of the expanded role ofthe nurse.


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History of Nursing inthe Philippines:

Early Beliefs and Practices


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Early Beliefs and Practices

Diseases and their causes and

treatment were shrouded with

mysticism and superstitions.


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Belief about causation of disease.

People believed that evil spirits could

be driven away by persons with

powers to expel demons.

People believed in special gods of

healing, with the priest-physician as

intermediary. If they used leaves androots, they were called herb doctors.

Early Care of the sick


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Early Care of the sick

Early Filipinos subscribed to

superstitious beliefs and practices in

relation to health and sickness.

Herb men were called HERBICHEROS

i h ti d it h ft


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meaning one who practiced witchcraft.

Person suffering from diseases without anyidentified cause were believed to be

bewitched by MANGKUKULAM or

MANGAGAWAY

Difficult childbirth and some diseases

(called PAMAO) were attributed to

NONOS.

During labor, the MABUTING HILOTwas called in. If the birth became difficult

WITCHES were supposed to be the

caused.

Health Care during Spanish


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Regimen

The religious orders exerted their

efforts to care for the sick by building

hospitals in the different parts of thePhilippines.


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Nursing during the PhilippineRevolution

The prominent people involved in


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nursing works were

Josephine Bracken

Rosa Sevilla de Alvero Dona Hilaria de Aguinaldo

Dona Maria de Aguinaldo

M l h A i


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Melchora Aquino

Capitan Salome

Agueda Kahabagan

Trinidad Tecson

Filipino Red Cross


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Filipino Red Cross

Malolos,Bulacan was the location of

the national headquarters

Functions of Filipino Red Cross:


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Functions of Filipino Red Cross:

Collection of war funds and

materials through concerts,

charity, bazaars and voluntarycontributions.

Provision of nursing care to

wounded Filipino soldiers

Requirements for membership:


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Requirements for membership:

At least 14 years old, age requirement

for officer was 25 years old.

Of sound reputation.

Hospitals and Schools of Nursing


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Hospitals and Schools of Nursing

Iloilo Mission Hospital of Nursing

(Iloilo City, 1906).

St. PaulsH

ospital School of Nursing(Manila, 1907).

Philippine General Hospital School of

Nursing (1907). St. Lukes Hospital School of Nursing

(Quezon City, 1907

Mary Johnston Hospital and School of


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Mary Johnston Hospital and School of

Nursing(Manila, 1907).

Philippine Christian Mission InstituteSchools of Nursing.

San Juan de Dios Hospital School ofNursing (Manila, 1913).

Emmanuel Hospital School of Nursing(Capiz, 1913).

Southern Island School of Nursing(Cebu, 1918).

The First Colleges of Nursing in

h Phili i


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the Philippines:

University of Santo Tomas College of

Nursing (1946).

Manila Central University College of

Nursing (1947).

University of the Philippines College

of Nursing (1948).

Nursing Leaders in the

Phili i


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Philippines Anastacia Giron-Tupas first Filipino

nurse to hold the position Chief NurseSuperintendent; founder of the

Philippine Nurses Association. Cesaria Tan first Filipino to receive

a masters degree in Nursing abroad.

Socorro Sirilan pioneered inHospital Social Service in San LazaroHospital where she was the Chief

Nurse.

Rosa Militar a pioneer in schoolhealth education


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health education.

Socorro Diaz first editor of the PNAmagazine called The Message.

Sor Ricarda Mendoza a pioneer in

nursing education. Conchita Ruiz first full-time editor

of the newly named PNA magazineThe Filipino Nurse.

Loreto Tupaz Dean of thePhilippine Nursing, FlorenceNightingale of Iloilo.


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Health and NursingOrganizations

Early Institutions for Child

W lf


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Welfare

Hospicio de San Jose (Manila 1782)

Asylum of San Jose (Cebu)

Asylum of Looban (Manila)

Colegio de Santa Isabel (Naga City

Gota de Leche (Manila 1907)


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Gota de Leche (Manila, 1907)

Liga Nacional Filipiniana para laProtection dela Primera Infancia.

Public Welfare Board.

Nursing Organizations:


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g g

Philippine Nurses Association

National League of Nurses

Catholic Nurses Guild of thePhilippines

Others: ORNAP,MCNAP,IRNOP etc.

Documents

1.Nursing as a Profession