Proceedings

2000Powder

MetallurgyWorld

Congress

Part 1

Edited byKoji Kosuge

Hiroshi Nagai

November 12-16, 2000Kyoto International Conference Hall, Japan

PM n • J L TIB/UB Hannover 89Organized by 127140263

Japan Society of Powder and Powder MetallurgyJapan Powder Metallurgy Association

ContentsPreface I

Opening Address II

Global Review VI

Organization XLV

List of Section XLVIII

Author Index LXXIII

Part I+Workshops and Technical Sessions

Wl. Strength and Toughness of Sintered MaterialsHigh Cycle Fatigue Properties of Distaloy AE-C and Cu-C Alloyed PM Steel. Influence ofDensity, Warm Compaction, Ejection Cracks and Shot Peening 1A. Bergmark

Comparison of Fatigue Properties between Rotating Bending Method and Tensile Method 5Y. Ueda, M. Nakamura, M. Sato and M. Murakami

Mechanical Properties of Sintered Fe-Mn-Cr-Mo-V Steels 9A. Salak, M. Selecka, R. Keresti and L. Parilak

Effect of Ni Powder Size on the Mechanical Properties of Ni Added Sintered Steels 13T. Tsuchida and H. Yaguchi

Properties of Liquid Phase Sintered Fe-Mn-B-C Alloys 16M. Selecka, A. Salak, H. Danninger and £.. Parilak

Application of Heterogeneous Microstructure to Ultrahigh Strengthening Sintered Low AlloySteels 20M. Matsuda and H. Miura

Strength, Toughness and Fracture Behaviour of Sintered Steels 24E. Dudrova, t . Parilak, H. Danninger, M. Kabatova, S. Strobl and L. Kovac

TiB2-Reinforced P/M High Modulus Steel for High-strength Automobile Parts 28N. Matsumoto, S. Hotta, K. Tanaka, K. Nishino and T. Saito

Mechanical Properties of Nanocrystalline WC-10wt%Co Hard Materials 32S.I. Cha, S.H. Hong, G.H. Ha and B.K. Kim

Effects of Wire EDM and Laser Machining on Bending Strength of WC-Co Alloys 36T. Yamamoto, S. Kouno and K. Miyatake

W2. Modelling and SimulationsGranular Modeling for Powder Forming and Powder Injection Molding 40T. Aizawa

Coupled CAE Analysis between Filling and Cooling Stages: Case Study for Powder InjectionMolding-Electronic Package— 46S.T. Chung, T.G. Kang, S.J. Park, T. Yoon and M.S. Park

XLIX

Powder Compaction Constitutive Data for Ceramics, Hard Metals and Steel Powders 50I.C. Sinka and A.C.F. Cocks

Experimental Methods for Determining the Densification Function of Metal Powder and ItsValidity 54M. Brochu and S. Turenne

Modelling of Powder Die Compaction Review of EU Thematic Network 58P. Brewin, P. Doremus, D.T. Gethin, P. Skoglund, J.H. Tweed, P. Mosbah and O. Coube

Inverse Modelling of Powder Compaction - The Influence of Material and Friction BehaviourInteraction 62B. Wikman, H.-A. Haggblad and M. Oldenburg

Design and Evaluation of Die Pressing Experiments for Inverse Modelling 66H.-A. Haggblad, M. Oldenburg, B. Wikman and S. Bengtsson

Constitutive Modelling of Composite Powder Compacts under Highly Deviatoric Stresses 70C.L. Martin, O. Lame and D. Bouvard

FEM Simulation of Rubber Isostatic Pressing of Powders 74S. Shima, Y. Sakamoto and H. Kotera

Thermal-mechanical Coupled Analysis of Warm Powder Compaction Process 78A.K. Ariffin, Md. Mujibur Rahman and N. Muhamad

Phenomenological Analysis and Numerical Simulation of Sintering Application to WC-CoSystem 82O. Gillia and D. Bouvard

Finite Element Simulation of Die Compaction and Sintering of a WC-Co Powder Grade 88O. Alvain, D. Bouvard and P. Doremus

Solid State Sintering of Two-component Mixtures 92Y.-S. Kwon, A.P. Savitskii, L.S. Martsunova, J.-S. Moon, J.-O. Bae and J.-S. Kim

Solid State Sintering in W-Cu Composites: from Microstructure to Densification 96A.M. Popa, J.M. Missiaen and J.M. Chaix

Simulation of Particles Rearrangement during the Propagation of a Thermal Front in LiquidPhase Sintering 100J.M. Chaix, S.M. Lee and C.L. Martin

Near-Net-Shape Forming of Ceramic Powder under Cold Combination Pressing andPressureless Sintering 104H.G. Kim, H.M. Lee, J.H. Cho and K.T. Kim

Anisotropy in Sintering due to Prior Compaction 108A. Zavaliangos and D. Bouvard

Simulation of Sintering of Layered Structures 112E. Olevsky, V. Tikare, T. Garino and M. Braginsky

Evaluation of Micro Structure by Digitized Image with Homogenization Method 116F. Tsumori and T. Aizawa

Nondestructive Evaluation by Acoustic Spectro Microscopy - For Modeling Micro-structuresand Properties by Using a Dual Phase Stainless Steel- 120T. Watanabe, H. Kuwahara, X. Yang and T. Aizawa

An Investigation of the Kinetics of Liquid into Porous Alumina Preforms under VariousExperimental Conditions 124P. Manurung, I.M. Low and C.E. Buckley

W3. Automobile ApplicationsRecent Key Issues of PM Application for Automobiles 128T. Kamo

China PM Parts Industry Development in the 1990s and the Trend Forecasting in 2000-2005 133F.-L. Han

Development of Warm Compacted Automotive Engine Sprockets 137A. Fujiki, T. Hirao, M. Yamaguchi, T. Murata, K. Ueda and Y.Sugaya

Development of High Fatigue Strength Material without Heat Treatment for High Stress Parts 141M. Yoshida, H. Tanaka, A. Fujiki, T. Aoki and Y. Hasegawa

Near Net Shape Bearing Caps 145M. Sugimoto and M. Terada

Development of the Piston-ring-groove Reinforcement for Diesel Engines by Thermal SprayForming 150K. Kodama, K. Mori, M. Kawasaki, T. Nakano and H. Tsunekawa

Advanced PM Technologies for Automotive Components 154V. Arnhold and H. Neubert

Thermally Sprayed Solid Lubricant Coatings for Cylinder Liners in Aluminum Crankcases 159M. Buchmann, R. Gadow and A. Killinger

Development of P/M Titanium Engine Valves 163T. Yamaguchi, Y. Shibata, Y. Maeda, S. Iwase and T. Furuta

Ceramic Matrix Composites for Disk Brake Applications 167R. Gadow and M. Speicher

Creep and Elevated Temperature Mechanical Properties of P/M Stainless Steels 173P.K. Samal, J.B. Terrell and S.O. Shah

W4. Quality and Environmental ManagementDevelopment of Recycling Process Utilizing Tin Impregnation Method of WC Fine PowderContained in Cemented Carbides 177M. Nakamura and K. Kamada

Corrosion Protection of PM Components by Hot Dip Galvanizing 180S. Rossi, L. Fedrizzi, S. Di Rosa, F. Deflorian and P.L. Bonora

Precise Dimension Control of Fe-Cu-C Sinter Alloys by Segregation Free Treatment andQuality Management of Powders 184M. Fujinaga, S. Uenosono and H. Ishikawa

Environmental-friendly Sintering Technology of P/M Components with Low EnergyConsumption 188D. Geldner and D. Warga

Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) of Powder Metallurgy 192J. Tengzelius

Environmental Benefits of New Materials in Automotive Applications - LCE Focusing on theRecycling Phase 198J. Gediga, M. Betz, M. Faltenbacher and P. Eyerer

The P/M Materials from the View Point of Environment 204K. Takeuchi

Processing of Ni-free Materials - Experience Report 209P.Orth

LI

Evolution of a "Best in Class" Powder Forged Product by the Selective Combination ofDifferent Connecting Rod Technologies 213E. Schneider, W. Kynast and T. Geiman

The Effect of Cu Content on Tensile Property of Fe-Cu Alloy Powder Consolidated by HeavyWarm Rolling 218K. Minagawa, H. Kakisawa, H. Okuyama, M. Ohtaguti and K. Halada

Economic Competitiveness of P/M Industry 222J.A. Isaacs and M.N. Shah

Green Forming of Al-Si Alloys on the Route of Bulk Mechanical Alloying 226T. Luangvaranunt, K. Kondoh, K. Tatsuzawa and T. Aizawa

Cost Reduction by Using New Ni-free PM' Steels 230K. Lipp, J.A. Bas, P. Blanchard, M. Johansson and U. Baum

W5. PM Production EquipmentNew Closed Loop Controlled Forming Concept for High-tech PM Parts 234W. Trapp

Isostatic Pressing Technologies for Powder Compaction 238Y. Manabe and Y. Kishi

Quality Assurance in the Sintering Process 240D. Warga and D. Geldner

Complex High-temperature Sintering Equipment 244I. Cremer

Recent Developments in Vacuum and Over-pressure Sintering 248E. Nakatsukasa

Fabrication of Large-size ZrO2(3Y)/Stainless Steel Functionally Graded Materials by SparkPlasma Sintering 252M. Tokita

Modern Sizing Systems for Large P/M Parts 256W. Beisel and H. Gaehler

The Development of Spot Welding Robot 259K. Kanitani

W6. Powder Injection MouldingRheology of Carbonyl Iron MIM Powder Plastisols - Effect of Stearic Acid Additive 262E. Johansson, L. Nyborg and S. Niederhauser

Influence of the Surfactant on Properties of the MIM Feedstock 266S. Li, B. Huang, X. Qu and Y. Li

Single Step MIM System with Polyacetal Binder without Debinding Process 270Y. Kankawa, K. Ikegawa, H. Setowaki, H. Nakamura, E. Nakatsukasa, M. Takeda and I. Yamauchi

A Modified Metal Injection Process of Metal Powders Using a Thermosetting Binder 274B. Levenfeld, A. Varez and J.M. Torralba

Investigation of the Gate Effect on the Powder Injection Molding Process 278B.-O. Rhee and J.-H. Lee

A Full 3D Finite Element Analysis of Powder Injection Molding Filling Process Including SlipPhenomena 282C.J. Hwang and T.H. Kwon

LII

Powder Injection Molding Process, Successes, Applications and Growth Prospects 286R.M. German

Supercritical Debinding and Its Application to PIM of Ti-Al Intermetallic Compounds 292T. Shimizu, A. Kitajima, K. Kato and T. Sano

Advanced Thermal Processing of MIM-parts 296P.J. Vervoort and I. Cremer

Investigations into Recycling Sprue and Runner System in MIM 300D. Weinand, M. Bloemacher and H. Wohlfromm

Influence of Microstructural Factors on Mechanical Properties of Stainless Steel by PowderInjection Molding 304H. Kyogoku, S. Komatsu, M. Shinzawa, D. Mizuno, T. Matsuoka and K. Sakaguchi

Effect of Carbon Addition on Densification of Ferrous Powders in MIM Process 308M. Achikita and A. Otsuka

Carbon Control of Sintered SKH51 High Speed Steel Powder Compacts 311M. Tomita, M. Ohhara and D. Sugiyama

Fabrication of High Performance Sintered Materials through PIM 315H. Miura

Sintered Titanium Compacts by Metal Injection Molding Process 320L.-Y. Wang and Y.-L. Lin

Injection Molding of Blended Elemental Ti, (6A1-4V) Powders 324R.M. Gomes, L. Kowalski, L. Schaeffer and J. Duszczyk

Powder Injection Molding WC-Co Cemented Carbide 328Y.M. Li, W. Zhong, B.Y. Huang, X.H. Qu and S.L. Li

Development of Al2O3-TiC Composite Materials by PIM Process 332Y. Kai, S. Sakaguchi, Y. Nishida and H. Miura

Development of a Rocker Arm for Variable Valve Timing Mechanism by Applying MetalInjection Molding (MIM) Technology 335S. Takeguchi

Development of MPEM Process for Manufacturing of Pipes with Ni-based Superalloy 339M. Sakata and K. Shimodaira

Tl. PowdersInfluence of Gas Velocity Distributions on Particle Size Distributions for Gas Atomized Powder 343M. Obika, K. Hamaogi, T. Fukuda and K. Asabe

An Experimental and Empirical Study of Close-coupled Gas Atomisation 347J.T. Strauss and J.J. Dunkley

Advances in Gas Atomisation Technology - Co-Atomisation of Liquid Melts 351W.G. Hopkins, R.W. Gardiner and S.B. Dodd

Droplet Cooling in Metal Powder Production by Centrifugal Atomisation 355Y.Y. Zhao

WIDEFLOW Melt Film Atomization - An Efficient Tool for Direct MIM Powder Production 359G. Schulz

Development of Spherical Fine Powders by High-pressure Water Atomization Using SwirlWater Jet 363M. Kikukawa, S. Matsunaga, T. Inaba, O. Iwatsu and T. Takeda

Water Atomized Fine Powder Technology 367J. Hamill, C. Schade and N. Myers

LIII

Innovative Design of Large Scale Metal Powder Production Plants for Advanced Materials 371St. Pleier and M. Hohmann

Preparation of Refractory Metal Powders by the Wire Explosion Technique 375M. Umakoshi, T. Yoshitomi, R. Nakamura and K. Shigematsu

Metallic Hollow Spheres - A New PM Product 379U. Waag, L. Schneider, P. Lothman, G. Stephani and B. Kieback

Copper Powders from Mining Solutions - A Breakthrough Technology 383N.D. Sopchak and S.P. Sandoval

On-line Monitoring of Metal Nanopowder Aggregation in the Gas Phase 386B. Gunther, J. Mehlich, C. Egbers and J.-R. Schmidt

Development and Manufacturing of Uniform Copper Spheres by the Uniform-droplet SprayProcess 390M. Nishida, S. Imae, H. Lu, O. Kajita, T. Ando and J.-H. Chun

PM Structural and Tool Steels Prepared from Coated Powders 394H. Danninger, S. Strobl, R. Guertenhofer and E. Dudrova

Preparation of Metal Coated Composite Powders 398H. Mori

Titanium Powder Preparation from TiCl4 in the Molten Salt 401R.O. Suzuki, T.N. Deura, R. Ishii, T. Matsunaga, T.N. Harada, M. Wakino and K. Ono

Synthesis of New Mono-carbonitride Powders of W, Mo and W-Mo by Heating the Metal andAlloy Powders in High Pressure N2 Gas 405N. Asada, Y. Yamamoto, Y. Doi and K. Hayashi

Formation of Asterisk Type Heterogeneous Junction Particles of a-Fe2O3 and a-FeOOHParticles 409K. Iwasaki, T. Itoh and T. Yamamura

Die Filling Capability of Powder Mixes 413H. Vidarsson and J. Arvidsson

Factors Determining Flowability of Segregation-Free Iron Powder with Lubricant ContainingWax 417S. Uenosono, Y. Ozaki and K. Ogura

Advances in Binder-Treatment Technology 421S.H. Luk

Development of a New Lubricant for PM Compacts for Practical Use 425M. Ikegawa and K. Adachi

Shape Separation of Powder Particles and Simulation 429T. Itoh and Y. Wanibe

Structure Analysis and Characteristics of Massive Natural Graphite as Negative Electrode forLithium Ion Battery 433K. Ohzeki, M. Shirahige, S. Tachizono and H. Chiyoda

The Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Gas Atomized and Extruded Al-20Si-5Fe-2X(X=Cr,Zr,Ni) Alloys 437T.-S. Kim, S. Challapalli, C.-W. Won and B.-S. Chun

Nitriding Gas Atomised Iron-Chromium Alloy Powder with Ammonia-Hydrogen Gas Mixture 441J. Sundstrom

Particle Surface Reactions and Prior Particles Boundaries in Water Atomized Steel Particles 445J.L. Estrada and H. Herrera

Undercooling of Mono-size Sn-5mass-%Pb Droplets Traveling in a Reducing Atmosphere 449H. Fukuda, P. Wu, CD. Tuffile and T. Ando

LIV

Microstructural Evolution during Mechanical Milling of Rapidly-Solidified AI-14Ni-14Mm(Mm = Misch Metal) Alloy Powders 453S.-J. Hong, T.-S. Kim, S.-S. Cho and B.-S. Chun

New Achievements with theNANOVAL Process for Gas Atomization 457L. Gerking

Synthesis of AUO3/AI Composite Nano-Powder by Wire Explosion Method 460Y.-H. Jung, J.-S. Kim, N.A. Yavorovsky, P.V. Balukhtin, E. Jeung and Y.-S. Kwon

Water Atomized Powder Technologies for Advanced Aluminium Alloy Production 464O.D. Neikov

Effects of Atomisation Parameters on the Shape of Aluminium Powders 467I Uslan and S. Saritas

Characterisation of Water and Gas-atomized Stainless Steel Powders for Injection Moulding 471J.V. Zampieron, D. Rodrigues, J.L. Rossi and F. Ambrozio Filho

Some Applications of Ultrafine, Gas Atomized Metal Powders Beyond Classical PowderMetallurgy 475G. Schulz

Internal Porosity and Argon Concentration in Rapidly Solidified y-TiAl Powders and HotIsostatically Pressed Compacts 479G. Wegmann, R. Gerling, F.-P. Schimansky and J.X. Zhang

Characterization of Cu and Ni Coated Steel Powders Produced in Waste Purification of EtchingProcessing 483T. Yamashita, R. Watanabe, J.-F. Li, H. Yoshino and T. Inoshita

Effect of Granulation of Ferrous Powder on Die Filling Properties 487A. Itoh, R. Shiga and T. Takikawa

Characteristics of Copper Segregation-free Premixed Iron Powder for Powder Metallurgy 491S. Uenosono, Y. Ozaki and K. Ogura

Structures and Magnetic Properties of Co-P Alloy Powders Prepared by Chemical Reduction 495T. Saito

Applications of the Binder Treated Mo-Prealloyed Premixes as Alternatives to DiffusionBonded Powders 499R. Guo

Improvements in the Soft Magnetic Properties of the Ferritic Stainless Steels 503M. Fukuda, Y. Soda and Y. Yoshida

Formation ofa-FeOOH Whisker Like Particles Containing Co... 506K. Iwasaki and T. Yamamura

Steel Hollow Spheres Made from Iron Oxides 510L. Schneider, U. Waag and P. Lothman

Direct Powder Preparation of Nb-Ti Alloy from the Oxide Mixture 513T. Ohshima, R.O. Suzuki, T. Yagura and K. Ono

Metal Recovery from Plating Waste Using Thermit Reaction 517K. Terasita, S. Sugimoto, T. Ohnishi and K. Miyanami

Coarse Tungsten Powder 521D. Chaiat

Control of Hydrogen and Oxygen in Hydride-dehydrided Titanium Powder 525CM. Schwanke, R.M. Gomes, A.F. Galio, L. Schaeffer, V. Biehl, F. Aubertin and J. Breme

Porous Copper Powder with a Very Fine Skeletal Structure 528T. Koyama, S. Masuoka, Y. Arami and O. Iwatsu

LV

Needle-like Powder Preparation of Ta and Nb in the Molten Salt 532T. Nishiyama, R. Ishii, R.O. Suzuki, K. Takayama and K. Ono

T2. Compaction and ConsolidationExperience with Warm Compaction of Densmix Powders in the Production of Complex Parts 536U. Engstrom and B. Johansson

High Performance P/M Materials by High Density Process 540T. Sawayama, M. Sato, Y. Seki, T. Tsuchida and H. Yaguchi

Optimizing Powder Mix Formulations and Processing Conditions for Warm Compaction 543F. Chagnon and S. St-Laurent

Materials for Highly Loaded Parts such as Connecting Rods 547P. Skoglund and S. Bengtsson

Short Dies and Thin-walled Inserts for Warm Compaction: Numerical Determination ofDesign Features 551E. Armentani, G.F. Bocchini, G. Cricri and R. Esposito

Identification of a Viscoplastic Constitutive Equation by the Use of Hot Die Pressing 555P. Viot, E. Ouedraogo and P. Stutz

Experiment and Numerical Simulation of Powder Compaction 559J. Cedergren and A. Bergmark

The Energy Distribution for Orbital Compaction of PM Components 563T. Canta, D. Sabadus and D. Frunza

Simulation of Powder Densification for Preventing Slip Crack 567Y. Kanai, Y. Aizawa and K. Nakatani

Die Compaction at 2000 MPa for Sintered Structural Parts 570J. Asami, N. Hirose and T. Kohno

Technical Improvement for Ejection of P/M Green Compacts from a Die 574Y. Sugaya, M. Iwakiri and H. Fukagawa

Influence of Powder Characteristics on Compaction Behaviour 578V. Bonnefoy and P. Doremus

Effect of High Centrifugal Force on the Properties of Green Compacts Made by High-speedCentrifugal Compaction Process 582H.Y. Suzuki, K. Shinozaki, S. Tashima and H. Kuroki

RIP (Rubber Isostatic Pressing) and Sintering of Alumina-zirconia Composite Powder 586H. Kume, F. Tsumori, Y. Nishikawa, A. Kakitsuji, S. Inamura, H. Miyamoto and T. Watanabe

Compaction of High Performance Materials Using the RIP (Rubber Isostatic Pressing)Technology 590M. Sagawa and O. Grinder

Sensitivity of Numerical Simulation to Input Data 594A. Fraction, D. Imbault, P. Doremus, L. Federzoni, R. Brunet, M. Reyre, B. Wikman, H.A. Haggbladand M. Oldenburg

Modelling of Green Compact Elasticity 598M.D. Riera, J.M. Prado, A. Frachon, D. Imbault and P. Doremus

Model Simulation of Particle Rearrangement during Die Compaction of Aluminum PowdersHaving Different Size Distributions 602H. Hashimoto, T. Abe and R. Watanabe

Friction between Tools and Powder in Die Compaction: Influence of Tool Coating and PowderLubricant Content 605V. Bonnefoy, P. Doremus and G. Puente

LVI

Simulation of Die Compaction Process of Multi-stepped Part with Various Tool Kinematics 609S. Shima, Y. Yamamoto and H. Kotera

Characterisation of a Wc-Co Powder Grade for the Modelling of Die Compaction and SinteringProcesses 613O. Alvain, P. Doremus and D. Bouvard

Density Variations in Iron Powder Caused by Die Filling 617E. Hjortsberg

Sintered Compacts by Press Powder Flow Compaction from Iron Powder and CeramicsGranule 621S. Takahashi, K. Irie, T. Shindoh and T. Nakagawa

Effect of Slip Condition on Compacting Kinetics of High-Speed Centrifugal Compaction Process 625H.Y. Suzuki, K. Shinozaki, S. Tashima and H. Kuroki

Powder Consolidation of Superplastic Dual Phase Stainless Steel Powder by Axial Hot Pressing 629K. Miyasaka

Copper Infiltration of Iron Powder Items Using Magnetic-Impulse Compaction 633V. Mironov and F. Muktepavela

Better Density Homogeneity and Reduced Warpage by Numerical Simulation of Die Pressingand Sintering 636O. Coube, H. Riedel and T. Kraft

T3. Process and Mechanisms of SinteringStrategies for Controlling Shape Distortion and Dimensional Precision in Liquid PhaseSintering 639A. Upadhyaya and R.M. German

Dilatometric Study of the Swelling Effects in Compacted Powder Mixtures Fe-Cu 643D. Dubief, F. Hodaj, C.H. Allibert and D. Rezel

Final Density and Dimension Predictions Based on Control of Strength Evolution in Sintering 647R.M. German and X. Xu

Analysis of Shape Changes of Iron-based Powder Compacts During Sintering 651O. Lame, M. Chache, D. Bouvard and H. Wiedemann

On Shrinkage Anisotropy in Consolidation of Powder Materials 655E. Olevsky

Reactive Synthesis of Fe/Ni/Ti-Al Alloys 659M. Miiller, H.P. Buchkremer and D. Stover

Enhanced Sintering of Aluminum Nitride with Millimeter-wave Heating 663T. Matsumoto, Y.Makino and S. Miyake

Combustion Synthesis of AlFeSi Intermetallics: Mechanism and MicrostructuralCharacterisation 667T. Sritharan, S. Murali and P. Hing

Co-firing of Mn-Zn and Ni-Zn Ferrites Using Conventional and Microwave SinteringTechnology 671CY. Tsay, K.S. Liu and I.N. Lin

Morphological Change of W-particle during Liquid-phase Sintering of the MechanicallyAlloyed W-Cu Composite Powder 674M.J. Suk, J.H. Hyun, J.S. Kim, Y.D. Kim and Y.S. Kwon

Solid State Sintering of Alloys Cu-Cr(60wt%) 678C. Genevois, F. Dore, C.H. Allibert and M. Boutillier-Trotel

LVII

Densification of W/Cu Nanocomposite 682B.K. Kim and S.H. Hong

A Study on the Sintering Behavior of Co-reduced W-Cu Composite Powder ContainingTransition Elements 686S. Lee, M.-H. Hong, J.-W. Noh, W.-H. Baek and B.-S. Chun

An Investigation in the Sintering Behavior of the Cu-25 wt% Cr Contact Materials Producedby Powder Metallurgy Technique 690H.I. Bakan, T. Baykara and E.S. Kayali

Gas Evolution and Microstructure Development during Sintering of the PIMed W-CuNanocomposite Powder 693E.-S. Yoon, J.-S. Lee and J.-H. Yu

Sintering Effects by Particle Coating of Metal Powders 697K.-P. Wieters, W. Zeiger and B. Kieback

Effect of Copper Powder on the Liquid Phase Sintering of 10% Tin Bronzes 701C. Messner, W. Pahl, P. Costa, G. Bellin, C. Menapace and A. Molinari

Influence of B4C on Sintering of Iron 705A. Molinari, C. Menapace, J. Kazior and T. Pieczonka

Liquid Phase Sintering of Coarse Iron Powder 709W. Khraisat, L. Nyborg, D. Yi and Y. Yu

Effect of the Sintering Atmosphere on the Densification of TiB2-Ni 713J.-C. Baung, Y.-K. Baek, E.S. Kang, S.-W. Jung and S.-J.L. Kang

Liquid Phase Sintering of W/Stainless Steel Powder Compacts 717J.-F. Li, R. Watanabe, R. Yoshimura, Y. Yamada and M. Kawai

Interfacial Characteristic of W-Ni-Fe Heavy Alloy Using Ni-coated W Powder 721D.-G. Kim, E.-P. Kim, Y.D. Kim and I.-H. Moon

Discharge Phenomena and Sintering Mechanism at Initial Stage in Pulsed Current Sintering 725K. Ozaki, K. Kobayashi, T. Nishio, A. Matsumoto and A. Sugiyama

Mechanism of Spark Plasma Sintering (SPS) 729M. Tokita

Consolidation of Aluminum Powder by Pulse Current Pressure Sintering Process 733T. Nagae, M. Yokota, M. Nose, T. Kamiya and S. Saji

Consolidation and Crystal Growth by the Spark Plasma System (SPS) - Consolidation ofPowder of Oxide and Nonoxide Eutectic Composites- 737M. Omori, T. Isobe, T. Shibuya, H. Makino, K. Nishiyama and T. Hirai

Fabrication of Nano-materials by the Spark Plasma Sintering (SPS) Method 741M. Kawahara, H.-T. Kim and M. Tokita

Microstructure of Interface of an SUS310S/Alumina Joint Produced by SPS Bonding Process 745S. Matsuno, H. Inomoto and K. Ameyama

Microwave Processing of Indium Double Oxides 749M. Iwasaki, H. Takizawa, K. Uheda and T. Endo

Rapid Fabrication of New Silicon Nitride Containing Yb2O3-Al2O3 Additives with 28GHzMillimeter-wave Heating 753T. Ueno, H. Saito, S. Sano, Y. Makino and S. Miyake

Sintering in an Inert Atmosphere 757S. Takahashi

A Consideration on Slow Rate of Peritectoid Reaction in Mn-doped Fe-66.7at%Si Alloy 761N. Taniguchi and K. Hayashi

LVIII

Application of Hypothesis "Equilibrium Gas Pressure in Isolated Pores" to SinteringDensification of Stellite Powder 765T.-W. Lim and K. Hayashi

Adding a Second Element to High-Speed Centrifugal Compaction Process (HCP) AluminaGreen Compacts by Immersion in Nitrate Solutions 769H.Y. Suzuki, S. Morisaki, K. Shinozaki, S. Tashima and H. Kuroki

Effects of TiH2 on Sintering of Titanium Powders 773C.-S. Hwang, J.-Y. Chen, L.-Y. Wang and Y.-L. Lin

Microstructural Changes of High Speed Steel Powders by Heating in Vacuum 777Y. Zhao, C. Wang, K. Yang and J. Song

Mechanism of Ultra-fine Ferrite Grain Formation in Austenitic Stainless Steel by High StrainPM Process 781H. Inomoto, S. Imai, H. Fujiwara and K. Ameyama

Dilatometric Analysis of Sintering during Heating Stage of Nitrided Fe-2wt.-%Ti PowderMixtures 785T. Pieczonka, S. Harizanova, R. Roussev and E. Rousseva

Full Density Processing of Nanocrystalline Fe-Ni Alloy Powders 789Y.-S. Kang, J.-S. Lee and J.-S. Kim

Densification Phenomenon of Powders by Hot Pressing 793C. Wang, Y. Zhao, W. Wu, Z. Zhao and Y. Niu

Microwave Sintering of Metallic Materials 797D. Agrawal

T4. PM Forming TechnologiesSteel Powders for Direct Metal Laser Sintering Process -Novel Properties and Applications 801J. Kotila, J.-E. Lind, O. Nyrhila and T. Syvanen

Material Concepts for Direct Metal Laser Sintering 805F. Petzoldt, A. Simchi, H. Pohl and H. Loffler

Processing of High-Speed Steel by Starch Consolidation 810O. Lyckfeldt, L.-O. Nordberg and L. Nyborg

High Speed Tool Steel Rods with Helical Holes by Powder Extrusion and Sintering Process 814K. Date, Y. Kubo, H. Iwata, T. Nozaka and H. Nakamura

Influence of Powder Characteristics on Extrusion Pressure and Phase Separation 817Z. Chen, K. Ikeda, T. Murakami and T. Takeda

Joining Techniques for PM-components 821R. Ratzi

Joinability of Powder Metal Bronze Material to Mild Steel and Powder Metal Iron Materialsby Diffusion Welding 825A. Kurt, M. Tiirker, C. Karatas and S. Saritas

Weldability of Fe-C-Cu Sintered Steels 828K. Shinozaki, H. Kuroki, A. Kario and K. Asaka

Influences of the Thermal Expansion Ratio during Cooling Stage of Sintering on the DiffusionBonding of Green Compacts 832K. Asaka

Long Term Experience in Spray Formed PM Aluminium Cylinder Liner Production and ItsProcess Optimization 836K. Hummert, R. Schattevoy, O. Kawamura and T. Kawamoto

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Commercialisation of Spray Formed Tool Steels 840C. Spiegelhauer

Effects of Rapid Solidification on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of ExtrudedSpray-formed Al-Si Alloys 843J.L. Estrada and H. Herrera

Microstructual Characterization of a Plasma-sprayed Chromium-base Hardfacing Alloy 847S. Nishimura, J. Small, T. Ando and K. Hidaka

Hot Extrusion of Al-Si Basis P/M Alloys 851S. Szczepanik

Mechanical Properties of PM High Nitrogen Steel Consolidated by Hot Extrusion 855T. Kariya, T. Isomoto, K. Oku, T. Kouda, K. Ichii and T. Oishi

Isothermal Rolling of Amorphous Alloy Powders 859H. Ukai, K. Mino and S. Kihara

Development of Copper Commutators by PM: Effective Lubrication for the Back Extrusion ofSintered Compact 863V. Mahender, A. Siva Kumar and R. Sundaresan

Numerical Simulation of HIP with a New Elastoviscoplastic Constitutive Equation 867E. Ouedraogo, L. Sanchez, P. Stutz and L. Federzoni

Superplasticity of Fine-grained Zirconia-based Ceramics Prepared by Colloidal Processing 871Y. Sakka, T.S. Suzuki, T. Uchikoshi, K. Morita and K. Hiraga

Characteristics of a Newly Developed Nickel Brazing Filler Metal 875S. Nagai, K. Tanaka and K. Hidaka

Joining of Ti3SiC2 Ceramics with Ti-6A1-4V Alloy 879N.F. Gao and Y. Miyamoto

Magnetic Particles' Behaviour during Compaction in Applied Magnetic Field 883H. Kotera, H. Kitahara and S. Shima

Low Temperature Sintering of Dense Alumina Wire by Green Microstructure Control 887W. Du, K. Tatsuzawa, T. Aizawa and J. Kihara

Properties of PNN-PZT Piezoelectric Ceramic Sheets Fabricated by Doctor Blade 891T.Y. Urn, Y. Kobayashi, T. Morita, J. Qiu, J. Tani and H. Takahashi

Sinter Joining of Ferrite Compacted under Magnetic Field 895K. Okimoto, K. Iwamoto, S. Toyota and S. Hosokawa

Density Change of Al-20Si Powder Compact during Forging Process 899N. Hayashi and M. Kobayashi

Effects of the Polypropylene Melt Flow Index on Thermal Debinding Kinetics 903A. Camargo, D. Rodrigues and A.P. Tschiptschin

Part 24Technical Sessions

T5. PM Steels and SuperalloysInfluence of Processing Conditions on Mechanical Properties of Steels Based on Low PrealloyedCr-Mo Powders (Astaloy CrM») 907M. Campos, S. Kremel, T. Marcu Puscas, J.M. Torralba, H. Danninger and A. Molinari

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