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2008 Pearson Education, Inc., Publishing by Longman Publishers
Chapter 1: Active Learning
Bridging the Gap, 9/eBrenda Smith
2008 Pearson Education, Inc., Publishing by Longman Publishers
In This Chapter You Will Answer the Questions:
• What is active learning?• How does the brain “pay attention?”• Can you do two things at once?• What are multiple intelligences?• How can you improve your concentration?• What are common internal and external
distracters and cures?• Why is your syllabus important?
2008 Pearson Education, Inc., Publishing by Longman Publishers
What is Active Learning?
•Paying attention•Understanding learning styles
•Overcoming distractions
2008 Pearson Education, Inc., Publishing by Longman Publishers
What is Cognitive Psychology?
Cognitive psychology is the body of knowledge that describes how the mind works.
2008 Pearson Education, Inc., Publishing by Longman Publishers
How does the BrainScreen Messages?
•A dual command center screens messages.• The cortex screens for trivial information.•The cortex & reticular activation system (RAS) blocks distractions.
2008 Pearson Education, Inc., Publishing by Longman Publishers
Is Divided Attention Effective?
“You can’t do two things at once and do them well.”
2008 Pearson Education, Inc., Publishing by Longman Publishers
Can Tasks Become Automatic?
• Driving a car or dribbling a basketball are automatic processes.
• But…driving a car and talking on the cell phone is not a good idea.
2008 Pearson Education, Inc., Publishing by Longman Publishers
Automatic Aspects of Reading
• College textbook reading is not as automatic as everyday reading.
• So concentration is needed to read college texts, preferably with no interruptions.
2008 Pearson Education, Inc., Publishing by Longman Publishers
Cognitive Styles
1. Extroverted-Introverted2. Sensing-Intuitive3. Thinking-Feeling4. Judging-Perceiving
2008 Pearson Education, Inc., Publishing by Longman Publishers
Right-Versus Left-Brain Dominance
Left Brain
•Analytical•Logical•Verbal Skills
Right Brain
•Intuitive•Creative•Emotional•Think in Symbols
2008 Pearson Education, Inc., Publishing by Longman Publishers
Multiple Intelligences
•Word smart-Linguistic•Picture smart-Spatial•Logical smart-Logical mathematical•Body smart-Bodily-kinesthetic
•People smart-Interpersonal•Self smart-Intrapersonal•Music smart-Musical•Nature smart-Naturalistic
See Page 7 in your book for a diagram of multiple intelligences.
2008 Pearson Education, Inc., Publishing by Longman Publishers
What is Concentration?
• Concentration is the process of paying attention.
• It is essential for active learning.
• It is a habit that requires time and effort to develop for consistent success.
2008 Pearson Education, Inc., Publishing by Longman Publishers
Cures for External Distractions
• Create a Place for Studying.• Use a Pocket Calendar,
Assignment Book, or Personal Digital Assistant.
• Schedule Weekly Activities.• Take Short Breaks. (50-10
ratio)
2008 Pearson Education, Inc., Publishing by Longman Publishers
Cures for Internal Distractions• Make a List.• Increase Your Self-
Confidence.• Improve Your Self-
Concept.• Reduce Anxiety.• Spark an Interest.• Set a Time Goal.
2008 Pearson Education, Inc., Publishing by Longman Publishers
Reader’s Tip: Improving Concentration• Create an environment that says, “Study.”• Use a calendar, assignment book or PDA for
short- and long-term planning.• Keep a daily to-do list.• Take short breaks.• Visualize yourself as a successful graduate.• Reduce anxiety by passing the first test.• Spark an interest.• Ste time goals for completing daily
assignments.
2008 Pearson Education, Inc., Publishing by Longman Publishers
Successful Academic Behaviors
• Attend class– Be on Time.
– Recognize Essential Class Sessions.
– Read Assignments Before Class.
– Review Lecture Notes Before Class.
– Consider Using a Tape Recorder.
– Predict the Exam Questions.
– Pass the First Test.
2008 Pearson Education, Inc., Publishing by Longman Publishers
Successful Academic Behaviors
• Network with other students– Form a Study Group.
– Learn from Other Students’ Papers.
– Collaborate.
Check out the Reader’s Tip on Managing E-mail Effectively.
2008 Pearson Education, Inc., Publishing by Longman Publishers
Use the Syllabus
• Goals• Objectives• Assignments• Examination dates• Course requirements • Explanation of the grading
system
2008 Pearson Education, Inc., Publishing by Longman Publishers
Summary Points
• What is active learning?• How does the brain “pay attention?”• Can you do two things at once?• What are multiple intelligences?• What are common internal and external
distracters?• How can you improve your concentration?• What academic behaviors can lead to
college success?• Why is your syllabus important?
2008 Pearson Education, Inc., Publishing by Longman Publishers
Search the Net
1. Make a Plan2. Search and Search Again3. Read Selectively4. Record As You Go5. Consider the Source
Check the Reader’s Tips on Popular College Databases and on Manipulating the Search.
2008 Pearson Education, Inc., Publishing by Longman Publishers
Concept Prep for Psychology• Psychology is the scientific study of
behavior and the mind.• Sigmund Freud and Carl Jung were
important psychologists.• Special areas include:
– Biological psychology– Behavioral psychology– Cognitive psychology– Humanistic psychology– Life span psychology– Cross-cultural psychology
2008 Pearson Education, Inc., Publishing by Longman Publishers
Search the Net
For suggested Web sites and other research activities, go to http://www.ablongman.com/smith/